基于政策与教育视角的城乡居民收入差距的研究
发布时间：2019-06-10 05:03
【摘要】： 自改革以来,中国经济保持良好的发展势头,城乡居民收入随着经济的发展而不断提高,然而,这种收入水平的提高并未让人感到欣慰。在目前分化的城乡经济格局下,城乡居民收入的增长速度表现出极大差距,这种愈演愈烈的收入差距引起了广泛关注,中央和地方各级政府采取了一系列旨在提高农民收入的政策与措施,但效果并不显著,收入差距之巨的问题并未得到解决。因此,本文在有关研究的基础上,从政策与教育视角,运用经济增长理论,结合我国现阶段城乡居民收入差距的现状,分析教育和政策对收入差距的影响。教育在较长时间内影响居民获取收入的能力和水平,教育差距导致收入差距。而长期以来的城市偏向政策,不仅在短期内迅速影响居民的收入水平,而且因为政策影响的持续性和惯性,它又在长时间内影响居民水平。针对教育与政策对城乡居民收入的这些影响,文章着力探讨了转变城市偏向政策、加大对农村教育投入力度的对策,具有重大的理论意义和现实意义。 本文共七部分,第一部分为引言,介绍了该课题的国内外研究概况、选题的意义及内容安排等;第二部分是研究理论分析,包括一般的研究理论(工具),如基尼系数、城乡收入比和恩格尔系数,并简要介绍本文的理论基础:经济增长理论。第三部分对中国现阶段城乡居民收入进行描述性分析,从城乡居民绝对收入差距、收入比、增长速度以及恩格尔系数和消费差距几方面进行比较分析,概括说明了当前城乡居民收入差距不断扩大的现状;第四部分则是在第三部分的基础上主要讨论经济增长、经济政策与城乡居民收入差距之间的关系,并用相应的模型作简单的回归分析,重点是在经济增长与城乡居民收入差距关系基础上讨论政策对居民收入差距的影响,并对政策偏向与政策博弈作了分析;第五部分研究教育与城乡居民收入差距之间的关系,在第四部分的模型上加入平均受教育年限差距并予以经验检验,发现受教育年限差距有扩大城乡居民收入差距的影响。第六部分提出了抑制城乡居民收入差距继续扩大的对策建议,包括增强农村公共产品,促进农业产业化与农民增收的支农政策、加大对农民的教育投入等方面,指出政府应该对这一揽子政策予以整合、规划,并建立畅通的农民呼声反馈渠道。最后,文章简要总结,要有效抑制、缩小城乡居民收入差距,需要城乡经济的平等发展,这种平等的经济发展要求政府政策对农村经济发展的支持和不断提高农民自身素质。
[Abstract]:Since the reform, China's economy has maintained a good momentum of development, and the income of urban and rural residents has been rising with the development of the economy. However, the improvement of this income level is not gratifying. Under the current divided economic pattern between urban and rural areas, the growth rate of income between urban and rural residents shows a great gap, and this growing income gap has aroused widespread concern. The central and local governments at all levels have adopted a series of policies and measures aimed at increasing the income of farmers, but the effect is not significant, and the problem of the huge income gap has not been solved. Therefore, on the basis of the relevant research, from the perspective of policy and education, using the theory of economic growth, combined with the current situation of the income gap between urban and rural residents in China, this paper analyzes the impact of education and policy on the income gap. Education affects the ability and level of residents to obtain income for a long time, and the educational gap leads to income gap. For a long time, the urban bias policy not only rapidly affects the income level of residents in the short term, but also affects the level of residents for a long time because of the persistence and inertia of the policy impact. In view of these effects of education and policy on the income of urban and rural residents, this paper focuses on the countermeasures to change the urban bias policy and increase the investment in rural education, which is of great theoretical and practical significance. This paper consists of seven parts, the first part is the introduction, which introduces the general situation of the research at home and abroad, the significance and content arrangement of the topic, and so on. The second part is the theoretical analysis, including the general research theory (tool), such as Gini coefficient, urban-rural income ratio and Engel coefficient, and briefly introduces the theoretical basis of this paper: economic growth theory. The third part makes a descriptive analysis of the income of urban and rural residents in China at the present stage, and makes a comparative analysis from the aspects of absolute income gap, income ratio, growth rate, Engel coefficient and consumption gap between urban and rural residents. This paper summarizes the current situation of the widening income gap between urban and rural residents. The fourth part mainly discusses the relationship between economic growth, economic policy and the income gap between urban and rural residents on the basis of the third part, and makes a simple regression analysis with the corresponding model. The emphasis is on the relationship between economic growth and the income gap between urban and rural residents, and the influence of policy on the income gap is discussed, and the policy bias and policy game are analyzed. The fifth part studies the relationship between education and the income gap between urban and rural residents. In the fourth part, the average number of years of education is added to the model and the empirical test is carried out. It is found that the gap between the number of years of education has the impact of widening the income gap between urban and rural residents. The sixth part puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to restrain the income gap between urban and rural residents, including strengthening rural public goods, promoting agricultural industrialization and increasing farmers' income, increasing investment in farmers' education, and so on. It is pointed out that the government should integrate and plan this package of policies, and establish a smooth feedback channel for farmers' voices. Finally, the article briefly summarizes that in order to effectively restrain and narrow the income gap between urban and rural residents, the equal development of urban and rural economy is needed. This equal economic development requires the support of government policies for rural economic development and the continuous improvement of farmers' own quality.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：G521;F124.7
本文编号：2496193
[Abstract]:Since the reform, China's economy has maintained a good momentum of development, and the income of urban and rural residents has been rising with the development of the economy. However, the improvement of this income level is not gratifying. Under the current divided economic pattern between urban and rural areas, the growth rate of income between urban and rural residents shows a great gap, and this growing income gap has aroused widespread concern. The central and local governments at all levels have adopted a series of policies and measures aimed at increasing the income of farmers, but the effect is not significant, and the problem of the huge income gap has not been solved. Therefore, on the basis of the relevant research, from the perspective of policy and education, using the theory of economic growth, combined with the current situation of the income gap between urban and rural residents in China, this paper analyzes the impact of education and policy on the income gap. Education affects the ability and level of residents to obtain income for a long time, and the educational gap leads to income gap. For a long time, the urban bias policy not only rapidly affects the income level of residents in the short term, but also affects the level of residents for a long time because of the persistence and inertia of the policy impact. In view of these effects of education and policy on the income of urban and rural residents, this paper focuses on the countermeasures to change the urban bias policy and increase the investment in rural education, which is of great theoretical and practical significance. This paper consists of seven parts, the first part is the introduction, which introduces the general situation of the research at home and abroad, the significance and content arrangement of the topic, and so on. The second part is the theoretical analysis, including the general research theory (tool), such as Gini coefficient, urban-rural income ratio and Engel coefficient, and briefly introduces the theoretical basis of this paper: economic growth theory. The third part makes a descriptive analysis of the income of urban and rural residents in China at the present stage, and makes a comparative analysis from the aspects of absolute income gap, income ratio, growth rate, Engel coefficient and consumption gap between urban and rural residents. This paper summarizes the current situation of the widening income gap between urban and rural residents. The fourth part mainly discusses the relationship between economic growth, economic policy and the income gap between urban and rural residents on the basis of the third part, and makes a simple regression analysis with the corresponding model. The emphasis is on the relationship between economic growth and the income gap between urban and rural residents, and the influence of policy on the income gap is discussed, and the policy bias and policy game are analyzed. The fifth part studies the relationship between education and the income gap between urban and rural residents. In the fourth part, the average number of years of education is added to the model and the empirical test is carried out. It is found that the gap between the number of years of education has the impact of widening the income gap between urban and rural residents. The sixth part puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to restrain the income gap between urban and rural residents, including strengthening rural public goods, promoting agricultural industrialization and increasing farmers' income, increasing investment in farmers' education, and so on. It is pointed out that the government should integrate and plan this package of policies, and establish a smooth feedback channel for farmers' voices. Finally, the article briefly summarizes that in order to effectively restrain and narrow the income gap between urban and rural residents, the equal development of urban and rural economy is needed. This equal economic development requires the support of government policies for rural economic development and the continuous improvement of farmers' own quality.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：G521;F124.7
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前2条
1 李宗莲;甘肃省城乡经济差异实证研究[D];甘肃农业大学;2010年
2 鲍文凤;基本公共服务均等化对缩小新疆城乡收入差距的影响[D];新疆财经大学;2012年
，本文编号：2496193
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