高校毕业生基层就业:从中央政策到地方政策

发布时间：2018-03-25 13:27

本文选题：高校毕业生　切入点：基层就业　出处：《北京大学教育评论》2015年02期

【摘要】：基于对2003年以来中央和地方政府基层就业政策的文本分析以及全国高校毕业生就业数据的描述统计分析,本文发现:中央基层就业政策经历了由笼统到细化、由零散到系统的演变过程;在中央和地方基层就业政策密集出台的背景下,高校毕业生基层就业比例大幅增加,但政策效果存在滞后性和异质性;地方基层就业政策与中央基层就业政策的内容基本一致,但地方特色有待加强;基层就业优惠举措的明晰度和力度会影响毕业生基层就业,侧重长期职业发展的激励举措作用相对明显。据此,本文进一步提出:政府应进一步细化明确基层就业政策,减少毕业生到基层就业的不确定性和风险;将促进基层就业政策的着眼点由"毕业生求职时"前置到"人才培养的过程中",为基层地区培养有意愿、有能力的优秀人才;同时,加强对基层就业政策科学系统的评估,及时调整政策方向,确保政策目标顺利实现。
[Abstract]:Based on the text analysis of the grass-roots employment policy of central and local governments since 2003 and the descriptive statistical analysis of the employment data of college graduates in China, this paper finds that the central grass-roots employment policy has experienced from general to detailed. Under the background of the centralized and local grass-roots employment policy, the proportion of college graduates' grass-roots employment has increased significantly, but the effect of the policy is lagging and heterogeneity. The content of the local grass-roots employment policy is basically consistent with that of the central grass-roots employment policy, but the local characteristics need to be strengthened. The clarity and intensity of preferential employment measures at the grass-roots level will affect the graduates' grass-roots employment. According to this, the government should further refine the grass-roots employment policy, reduce the uncertainty and risk of graduates to grass-roots employment; Focusing on promoting grass-roots employment policies from "graduates seeking jobs" to "the process of training talents" to train talented people who have the will and ability for grass-roots areas; at the same time, to strengthen the evaluation of the scientific system of grass-roots employment policies. Adjust the policy direction in time to ensure the smooth realization of policy objectives.
【作者单位】：北京大学教育学院/教育经济研究所;
【基金】：全国教育科学“十二五”规划青年课题(CGA130158) 北京市教育科学规划青年课题(CHA13136) 国家自然科学基金面上项目(71473007);国家自然科学基金青年课题(71103007)
【分类号】：G647.38

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