基于DEA的农林类高校科研效率评价研究

发布时间：2018-05-05 01:38

本文选题：农林类高校 + 科研效率　；参考：《福建农林大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：农林类高校作为我国农业基础研究的主力军,在农业高新技术研究开发及农业自主创新方面有着举足轻重的地位。而农林类高校的科研效率又在很大程度上影响着农林类高校科技创新能力的提升。目前,农林类高校的科研质量和科研管理水平良莠不齐，，如何对其科研效率进行评价研究,优化科研资源配置,从而提高科研的投入产出效率问题己成为农类林高校亟待解决的问题。因此，本文以农林类高校为研究对象，对其科研效率进行评价，了解目前我国农林类院校科研资源配置和使用效率的情况，从而为政府相关部门进行资源配置和制定相关政策提供参考依据。本研究具有一定的现实意义。本文首先，阐述了科学研究效率评价的理论基础，包括阐明科学研究的内涵和特征，界定效率的含义和科学研究效率的内涵，并介绍DEA的基本模型和复合DEA的算法和应用；然后，在遵循科学性、重要性、可操作性、可比性和导向性等五大原则和参考已有研究的基础上,构建了农林类高校科研效率评价指标体系，包括研究与发展全时当量人员、政府资金、企事业单位委托经费、其他经费四项投入指标和专著数、核心期刊论文数、专利授权数、鉴定成果数、成果授奖数、技术转让当年实际收入六项产出指标；其次，对2001-2010年农林类高校科研投入和产出的情况进行描述统计分析，并以本科层次的37所农林类高校为例,运用DEA方法进行实证分析,对这些高校的科研效率进行有效性评价，并通过复合DEA算法分析影响高校科研相对效率的主要因素，研究结果表明：（1）这37所农林类高校平均综合效率0.59，技术效率为0.78，规模效率为0.76，其中DEA有效的高校才占总数的27.03%，我国农林类高校的科研效率整体还偏低，而且高校之间在效率层面上的总体差别还比较悬殊。从规模效益来看，只有32.43%的高校处于规模报酬不变阶段；（2）其他经费的利用效率最低，其次是研究与发展全时当量人员，第三为企事业单位委托经费，而政府资金的利用效率最高，专利授权数和技术转让当年实际收入最为不足；（3）影响各农林高校科研相对效率最重要的投入因素是科研人力的投入,其次才是经费投入，对各农林高校科研相对效率影响最大的产出因素是核心期刊论文和专著数；（4）西部地区高校的科研效率最低，且与东部和中部地区的差距还比较大。最后，根据实证分析的结果，提出相关的对策建议。
[Abstract]:As the main force of agricultural basic research, agricultural and forestry colleges and universities play an important role in the research and development of agricultural high and new technology and the independent innovation of agriculture. And the scientific research efficiency of agricultural and forestry colleges and universities to a great extent affects the promotion of scientific and technological innovation ability of agricultural and forestry colleges and universities. At present, the quality of scientific research and the level of management of scientific research in agricultural and forestry colleges are mixed. How to evaluate and study the efficiency of scientific research and optimize the allocation of scientific research resources, Therefore, improving the efficiency of input and output of scientific research has become a problem to be solved urgently in agricultural forestry colleges and universities. Therefore, this paper takes the agricultural and forestry universities as the research object, evaluates the scientific research efficiency of the agricultural and forestry colleges and universities, and finds out the situation of the allocation and utilization efficiency of the scientific research resources of the agricultural and forestry colleges and universities in our country at present. Therefore, it can provide reference for government departments to allocate resources and formulate relevant policies. This study has certain practical significance. Firstly, this paper expounds the theoretical basis of scientific research efficiency evaluation, including clarifying the connotation and characteristics of scientific research, defining the meaning of efficiency and the connotation of scientific research efficiency, and introducing the basic model of DEA and the algorithm and application of compound DEA. Then, based on the five principles of science, importance, maneuverability, comparability and orientation, the evaluation index system of scientific research efficiency of agricultural and forestry universities is constructed, including research and development of full-time equivalent personnel. Government funds, funds entrusted by enterprises and institutions, four input indicators and monographs for other funds, the number of core journal papers, the number of patent authorizations, the number of appraisal results, the number of awards for achievements, the actual income of the year of technology transfer, and the six output indicators. This paper describes and analyzes the input and output of scientific research in agricultural and forestry colleges and universities from 2001 to 2010. Taking 37 agricultural and forestry colleges and universities at undergraduate level as an example, this paper makes an empirical analysis by using DEA method to evaluate the efficiency of scientific research in these colleges and universities. The main factors that affect the relative efficiency of scientific research in colleges and universities are analyzed by composite DEA algorithm. The results show that the average comprehensive efficiency, technical efficiency and scale efficiency of these 37 agricultural and forestry universities are 0.59, 0.78 and 0.76 respectively. Among them, the DEA effective universities account for 27.03% of the total, and the overall scientific research efficiency of agricultural and forestry colleges and universities in China is still on the low side. Moreover, the overall difference between colleges and universities on the level of efficiency is still quite wide. In terms of scale benefit, only 32.43% of colleges and universities have the lowest utilization efficiency of other funds, followed by research and development of full-time equivalent personnel, and third, commissioned funds by enterprises and institutions. The most important input factor affecting the relative efficiency of scientific research in agricultural and forestry colleges and universities is the input of scientific research personnel, followed by the investment of funds. The most important factor affecting the relative efficiency of scientific research in agricultural and forestry universities is the core journal papers and monographs. The western region has the lowest scientific research efficiency, and the gap with the eastern and central regions is still large. Finally, according to the results of empirical analysis, the relevant countermeasures and suggestions are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：福建农林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G644

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