开设综合性实验“内毒素性休克”的体会

发布时间：2018-06-02 04:21

本文选题：综合性实验 + 感染性休克　；参考：《中国病理生理杂志》2013年10期

【摘要】：综合性实验是将多个相关学科的内容进行有机整合形成连续性的实验,它充分调动了学生参与实验的积极性,能够使学生循序渐进地掌握知识,综合应用知识来研究和解决问题。感染性休克是临床常见的危重病症,主要见于严重感染,特别是革兰阴性菌感染,其中细菌内毒素起重要作用。为加强基础医学各学科以及与临床医学的融合,自2012年开始,我们联合3个学系的力量为八年制医学生开设综合性实验"内毒素性休克",该实验内容涵盖微生物学、病理生理学和病理解剖学等学科。实验从培养革兰氏阴性细菌和制备粗制内毒素开始,通过静脉注射内毒素以复制感染性休克的动物模型,观察动物休克时功能和代谢(血压、微循环及肿瘤坏死因子)的变化,分析重要器官(肺、肝、肾)的病理变化。通过该实验使学生对感染性休克的病因、发病机制及休克时各器官系统功能、代谢及形态学变化有完整的认识,加强了对多学科知识的融合,为学生即将进入临床阶段学习奠定坚实的基础。通过该实验的开设,我们深刻体会到,通过对传统实验内容进行必要的筛选补充,进而整合组成综合性实验,顺应了医学教育现代化的需要,是实现基础医学实验教学改革的必由之路,也是培养医学生综合素质和创新能力的必备条件。
[Abstract]:The comprehensive experiment is an experiment that organically integrates the contents of many related subjects to form a continuous experiment. It fully arouses the enthusiasm of the students to participate in the experiment and enables them to master the knowledge step by step. Apply knowledge to study and solve problems. Septic shock is a common serious disease in clinic. It is mainly found in severe infection, especially Gram-negative bacteria infection, in which bacterial endotoxin plays an important role. To strengthen the integration of basic medicine disciplines and clinical medicine, we have been working with three departments since 2012 to set up a comprehensive experiment, endotoxic shock, for eight-year medical students, which covers microbiology. Pathophysiology and pathophysiology. The experiment began with the cultivation of Gram-negative bacteria and the preparation of crude endotoxin. The changes of function and metabolism (blood pressure, microcirculation and tumor necrosis factor) during shock were observed by intravenous injection of endotoxin to make the animal model of septic shock. The pathological changes of important organs (lung, liver and kidney) were analyzed. Through this experiment, the students have a complete understanding of the etiology, pathogenesis, function, metabolism and morphological changes of various organ systems during shock, and strengthen the integration of multidisciplinary knowledge. To lay a solid foundation for students to enter the clinical stage of study. Through the opening of the experiment, we deeply realized that through the necessary screening and supplement of the traditional experimental content, and then the integration of the composition of the comprehensive experiment, it conforms to the needs of the modernization of medical education. It is the only way to realize the reform of basic medical experiment teaching, and it is also the necessary condition to cultivate the comprehensive quality and innovation ability of medical students.
【作者单位】：北京大学医学部基础医学院生理与病理生理学系微生物学系病理学系;
【分类号】：G642;R363-4

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