当代美国大学创业教育课程改革及其启示

发布时间：2018-11-18 22:08

【摘要】：创业教育这一理念来源于素质教育，也是当今国际高等教育的一种发展趋势。创业教育不仅促进了高等教育的改革，也满足了社会对多样化人才的需求。近几年来大学生自主创业已经成为一个热门话题的关注，无论是中国高等教育部门，国家还是社会。在已经到来的知识经济时代，我过对创业教育的重视程度也越来越高，因此对在创业教育中占重要地位的创业教育课程的改革的研究就成为国内外高校创新创业教育研究的一个重点课题。美国是世界上最早开设创业教育课程的国家，经过多年的创业教育探索与实践，已经形成一套从中小学到本科及研究生教育的玩真的创业教育课程体系，笨各国纷纷效仿。我国创业教育课程起步较晚，受美国先进理念的影响，我国目前一些高校也开始重视创业教育课程的建设问题，采取了一系列诸如开设创业教育选修课程，成立创业教育中心，加大创业教育教师的培养力度等举措，取得了一定的发展。然而就其现状而言，我国高校创业教育课程自身的发展还存在着许多不足及问题。因此，创业教育可侧很难过改革的研究符合我国高等教育发展的趋势，，有利于进一步完善高校创业教育课程理论，从而为创业教育课程在我国的实践提供理论支撑，同时也有利于提高高校管理者、教师和学生的创业认识，为我国创业教育观念的深化提供有益的帮助和借鉴。文章第一部分概述了美国创业教育课程的发展历程，主要介绍了创业教育课程的发展背景和创业教育课程内涵的界定两个方面。第二部分创业教育课程改革，主要从三个方面对其理论基础进行了论述，从课程改革的原理、课程改革的目标取向和原则三方面。第三部分主要从创建企业家精神、扩展课程深度、课程设计的转变。课程支撑体系多样化发展四方面来阐述了其创业教育课程改革的发展趋势。第四部分主要是通过分析在我国的创业教育课程改革发现其中存在的问题，目前在我国的创业教育课程设置阶段。第五部分重点论述了在借鉴美国创业教育课程改革经验的基础上，结合我国国情与创业教育发展的现状，我国创业教育课程改革所得到的启示，主要有三点：了解创业教育的价值、建立基于体验的创业教育课程体系、创业教育课程设置保障体系的建立。从创业教育课程改革的角度对美国高校的创业教育进行梳理，进而对我国高校有关创业教育课程改革方面主要是课程改革体系与保障进行研究，可能是研究的一个创新点。
[Abstract]:The idea of entrepreneurship education comes from quality education, and it is also a development trend of international higher education. Entrepreneurship education not only promotes the reform of higher education, but also meets the needs of the society for diverse talents. In recent years, college students' independent entrepreneurship has become a hot topic of concern, whether in China's higher education sector, the country or society. In the era of knowledge economy, I have paid more and more attention to entrepreneurship education. Therefore, the research on the curriculum reform of entrepreneurship education, which plays an important role in entrepreneurship education, has become a key issue in the research of innovative entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities at home and abroad. The United States is the first country in the world to set up entrepreneurship education curriculum. After many years of exploration and practice of entrepreneurship education, it has formed a set of real entrepreneurship education curriculum system from primary and secondary school to undergraduate and graduate education, which has been followed one after another by the stupid countries. Due to the influence of American advanced ideas, some colleges and universities in our country have begun to attach importance to the construction of entrepreneurship education courses, and adopted a series of courses such as setting up elective courses of entrepreneurship education and setting up entrepreneurship education centers. To increase the training of entrepreneurial education teachers and other measures, has made a certain development. However, as far as its present situation is concerned, there are still many shortcomings and problems in the development of entrepreneurship education curriculum in colleges and universities in China. Therefore, the research on the reform of entrepreneurship education is in line with the trend of higher education development in China, which is conducive to further improving the curriculum theory of entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities, thus providing theoretical support for the practice of entrepreneurship education courses in China. At the same time, it also helps to improve the awareness of entrepreneurship of university administrators, teachers and students, and provides useful help and reference for deepening the concept of entrepreneurship education in China. The first part of the article summarizes the development of entrepreneurship education curriculum in the United States, mainly introduces the development background of entrepreneurship education curriculum and the definition of the connotation of entrepreneurship education curriculum. The second part mainly discusses the theoretical basis of entrepreneurship education curriculum reform from three aspects: the principle of curriculum reform, the goal orientation and principle of curriculum reform. The third part mainly from the creation of entrepreneurship, expanding the depth of the curriculum, curriculum design changes. This paper expounds the development trend of curriculum reform of entrepreneurship education from four aspects: diversified development of curriculum support system. The fourth part is mainly through the analysis of entrepreneurship education curriculum reform in China to find out the existing problems, at present in our country entrepreneurship education curriculum setting stage. The fifth part focuses on the inspiration of entrepreneurship education curriculum reform in China, based on the experience of American entrepreneurship education curriculum reform, combined with the current situation of our country and the development of entrepreneurship education. There are three main points: to understand the value of entrepreneurship education, to establish an experience-based entrepreneurship education curriculum system, and to establish a guarantee system for entrepreneurship education curriculum setting. From the perspective of entrepreneurship education curriculum reform, this paper combs the entrepreneurship education in American colleges and universities, and then studies the curriculum reform system and guarantee in China's colleges and universities, which may be an innovation point of the research.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G647.38;G642.3

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