美国大学产学合作运行机制研究

发布时间：2019-06-20 03:10

【摘要】：随着经济发展，高校的产学合作成为快速培养能够适应社会发展的人才的途径之一。美国作为现今发达的国家之一，其大学产学合作历史悠久。美国大学的产学合作为其大学和经济的发展做出了重大贡献。本文对美国大学产学合作运行机制发展历程进行介绍，阐述产学合作运行机制的三个要素（政府、大学、企业）之间的利益关系，并分析产学合作运行机制三要素之间的互动关系。鉴于美国产学合作的成功，对我国政府、企业和大学之间的合作互动及各方应如何做有着重要的现实意义。本文以美国大学产学合作运行机制的三个要素（政府、企业和大学）为研究对象，本文会对产学合作中大学、企业和政府这三个主体相关行为的细节进行介绍，以产学合作运行机制三个主体（Who）——三者利益关系（Why）——三者如何做（How）为主线来论述美国大学产学合作的运行及三者间的互动。本文主要采取文献研究法和比较研究法，围绕美国大学产学合作发展历程、产学合作三要素及其利益关系、产学合作外部保障之政府、产学合作外部保障之企业、产学合作主体——学校以及产学合作的实际成效进行介绍和分析，主要研究内容有以下几个方面：第一章主要对美国大学产学合作发展历程进行介绍。这里把美国大学产学合作发展历程分为六个阶段，其中每个阶段产学合作都有各自的特点：第一阶段，，美国高校向多样化发展，逐渐形成地方分权的管理体制，对产学合作有着重大影响。第二阶段，政府与大学初步形成委任——代理式契约关系。第三阶段，科研活动规模小，经费多由慈善机构和社会的捐助，侧重应用研究和产品开发。第四阶段，高等教育与国家安全建立联系，开创大学与联邦政府签订科研合同的新型关系，合作研究领域开始扩大。第五阶段，研究型大学快速发展，国家与企业侧重与研究型大学进行合作。第六阶段，产学合作的投入侧重经济和生活品质有关的领域。经过介绍，我们会对美国大学产学合作有个整体了解。第二章对美国大学产学合作三要素及其利益关系进行介绍。首先对产学合作运行机制三要素进行界定，然后分别对政府、企业和大学这三个要素为何实行产学合作以及实行产学合作对各自有何利益关系进行分析。这样我们对美国大学产学合作的主体（Who）和利益关系（Why）有了了解。下面三章就着重对产学合作的三个要素——政府、企业和大学，分别对其怎么实行产学合作（How）详细介绍。第三章对美国大学产学合作外部保障之政府怎样保障产学合作进行介绍。主要从两方面介绍，一是政府从立法方面对产学合作提供法律支持，二是对大学提供资金，从而间接对产学合作提供了资金保障。政府通过一系列的措施推进了大学与企业的产学合作的进程。第四章对美国大学产学合作运行外部保障之企业进行介绍。本章主要从三方面进行介绍，首先是对企业设立的相关部门推进产学合作进行介绍——提供了人员支持，然后对企业为产学合作提供基金进行介绍——提供了资金支持，最后企业在产学合作中为学生提供了实践场所并对教学内容有所影响进行介绍——为学校提供合作动力。第五章对美国大学产学合作运行主体——大学在产学合作中如何做进行介绍。主要从三方面进行介绍：首先是设立专门的组织结构——为产学合作提供相关服务，其次为了更好地产学合作学校在培养人才方面一些举措——为产学合作提供所需人才，最后对学校在产学合作中的科学研究进行介绍——为产学合作提供技术支持。第六章对美国大学产学合作的实际效果进行介绍，本章从三方面——政府、企业和大学，分别介绍产学合作的实际效果。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy, the scientific and technological cooperation of colleges and universities has become one of the ways to cultivate the talents that can adapt to the development of the society. As one of the most developed countries, the United States has a long history of scientific and technological cooperation. The scientific and technological cooperation of American universities has made a significant contribution to the development of its university and economy. This paper introduces the development of the operational mechanism of the cooperative mechanism of the American university, and expounds the relationship between the three elements (government, university and enterprise) of the operational mechanism of the production and learning, and analyzes the interaction between the three elements of the operational mechanism of the cooperative operation. In view of the success of American production cooperation, it is of great practical significance to the cooperation between the government, the enterprise and the university and how the parties should do so. In this paper, three elements (government, enterprise and university) of the operating mechanism of the cooperative operation of American universities are the research objects, and the details of the three main bodies of the university, the enterprise and the government in the cooperation of production and learning will be introduced. In this paper, how to do the three main subjects of the operational mechanism of the production and learning cooperation (What) and how to do (How) are the main lines to discuss the operation of the production and learning cooperation of the American universities and the interaction among the three. This paper mainly adopts the literature research method and the comparative research method, which is about the development course of the American university's production and learning, the three elements of the cooperative development cooperation and the relationship between the interests, the government of the external guarantee of the production and learning cooperation, the enterprise of the external guarantee of the production and learning cooperation. The paper introduces and analyzes the practical results of the main body _ school and the production and learning cooperation of the industry and the production and learning cooperation. The main contents of this study are as follows: The first chapter mainly focuses on the development of the cooperative development of the American university. This paper introduces the development course of American university's production and learning, which is divided into six stages, each of which has its own characteristics: the first stage, the development of the United States, the gradual formation of the management system of the local decentralization, and the emphasis on the cooperation of the production and learning The second phase, the initial form of the appointment of the government and the university _ agency The third phase, the small scale of scientific research activities, the contributions of charities and the community, focus on the application of research and production The fourth stage, the connection between the higher education and the national security, the establishment of a new relationship between the university and the federal government to sign a scientific research contract, and the research field of cooperation The fifth stage, the rapid development of the research-oriented university, the focus of the state and the enterprise and the research-type university In the sixth phase, the investment in production and learning focuses on the economy and the quality of life. Of course, we're going to have an integral part in the American university's production and learning. The second chapter is about the three elements and the benefits of the American university's production and learning cooperation. This paper introduces the three elements of the operational mechanism of the production and learning cooperation, and then the reasons why the three elements of the government, the enterprise and the university carry out the production and learning cooperation and the application of the production and learning cooperation to their respective interests. It's an analysis. That's why we're the subject of the American Academy of Sciences and the interest relationship. There is an understanding. The following three chapters focus on three elements of production cooperation _ government, enterprise and university, how to carry out the production and learning cooperation (How) Chapter 3: How to Guarantee the Production of the Government of the University of America The paper mainly introduces two aspects: First, the government provides legal support for the cooperation of production and learning from the aspect of legislation, and the other is to provide funds to the university, so as to directly cooperate with the production and learning. The government has provided financial guarantee. The government has promoted the university and the enterprise through a series of measures The process of production and learning cooperation. The fourth chapter is about the operation of American university's production and learning cooperation. This chapter mainly introduces three aspects, first is to introduce the related department established by the enterprise to advance the production and study cooperation, provide the support of the personnel, and then provide the fund for the production and learning cooperation of the enterprise. Shao _ provided financial support, and the last enterprise provided the practical place for the students in the production and learning cooperation and introduced the influence of the teaching content. The fifth chapter is to provide the cooperation power for the school. The fifth chapter is the main body of the cooperative operation of the American university. This article mainly introduces three aspects: the first is to set up a special organization structure, to provide the related services for the production and learning cooperation, and then to make some initiatives in the training of the talents for better real estate learning and cooperation. To provide the required talents for the scientific and technical cooperation, and finally to introduce the scientific research of the school in the production and learning cooperation _ The sixth chapter introduces the practical effect of the American university's production and learning cooperation. This chapter is from three aspects: government, enterprise and university.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G649.712

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