美国大学就业指导教师专业化研究

发布时间：2019-07-06 14:54

【摘要】：就业是学生实现自我价值和社会价值的必要手段。面对日益激烈的就业形势,大学生就业问题急剧凸显,就业指导需求日趋上涨。大学就业指导教师作为毕业生和就业间重要的搭桥人,作用亦越来越显著。目前我国的就业指导处于边实践边改革的阶段,与国外发达的就业指导机制相比,在经费投入、设备环境、队伍建设等方面都存在很大的差距。本文主要针对就业指导教师队伍专业发展方面,阐述分析了美国大学就业指导教师的专业化发展进程和专业发展标准,同时结合我国目前所存在的问题和不足进行对比分析,获得启示,进而提出建设一支专业化的大学就业指导教师队伍的方法和策略。第一部分是绪论,主要阐述本论题的选题缘由、目的和意义,总结当前研究的国内外现状,分析当前研究的不足,以及论文写作过程中的研究思路和所采用的研究方法,为论文的写作奠定一个良好的基础。第二部分介绍了美国大学就业指导教师的产生和专业化发展历程。美国大学就业指导的教师经历了从无到有,从有到专业化的过程,最初呈现出兼职性和流动性。从20世纪30年代美国经济危机造成的大规模失业人员进而产生的就业管理开始,政府对职业指导逐渐重视,后来就业指导理论的发展及各种测量工具的运用有力地促进了职业指导的科学化和专业化。后来随着高校职业指导学科的发展,培养的大批职业指导人员,为大学就业指导教师队伍的专业化做了充足的准备。与此同时,美国职业指导的各种行业协会对职业指导教师专业发展也产生了不可估量的影响作用。第三部分详细阐述了美国大学就业指导教师的专业化体现和专业标准。一个专业的大学就业指导教师应有专业的知识和技能体系,还要有专业的道德和服务理念,同时还应有专业的地位权利和法律组织保障。只有标准的专业化才能促使就业指导教师获得长远的发展,进而成为一支专业的、具备国际一流水平的就业指导队伍。第四部分就我国目前职业指导人员专业化现状展开分析,其中包括就业指导人员专业化现状、标准制定的现状、资格认证的现状、行业发展的现状还有专业学科和课程的发展现状。第五部分通过分析从中美两国政府、社会、高校、个人四个角度的力量来揭示其对大学就业指导教师的专业发展的推动力,分析出美国的优势和我们存在的不足之处,对我国提高就业指导教师准入标准、制定绩效评估考核制度、完善培训体系、组织机构建设、学科专业设立、课程设置、经费投入等方面提供了积极的借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:Employment is a necessary means for students to achieve self-worth and social value. In the face of the increasingly fierce employment situation, the employment problems of the college students are becoming more and more prominent, and the demand for employment guidance is increasing. The role of the university career guidance teacher as an important bridge between the graduates and the employment is also becoming more and more obvious. At present, the employment guidance of our country is at the stage of the reform of the edge practice, and there is a great gap in the investment of funds, the environment of the equipment and the construction of the team in comparison with the employment guidance system developed abroad. In this paper, the professional development process and the professional development standard of the employment guidance teachers in the United States are set forth in the light of the professional development of the employment guidance teaching staff, and the comparison and analysis of the existing problems and shortcomings in our country are made, and the enlightenment is obtained. This paper also puts forward the method and strategy of building a specialized university's employment guidance team. The first part is the introduction, which mainly expounds the reason, purpose and significance of the topic, and summarizes the present situation of the present research, analyzes the shortcomings of the current research, and the research thoughts and the research methods used in the writing process of the paper. The paper lays a good foundation for the writing of the paper The second part introduces the generation and professional development of the employment guidance teachers in the American universities. The course of the exhibition is that the teachers of the employment guidance of the American universities have experienced the process of being professional, and the initial part is part-time. In the beginning of the employment management of the large-scale unemployed people caused by the economic crisis in the 1930s, the government has gradually attached great importance to the career guidance, and then the development of the employment guidance theory and the application of various measuring tools have promoted the scientization of the vocational guidance. Later, with the development of the professional guidance of the university, a large number of vocational guidance personnel have been trained, which has provided sufficient professional guidance for the professional guidance of the university. At the same time, the professional development of the vocational guidance teachers has also been immeasurable by the various trade associations of the American vocational guidance. The third part expounds the professional expression of the employment guidance teachers in the American universities. And professional standards. A professional college career guidance teacher should have a professional knowledge and skill system, and also have a professional moral and service concept, and should have the professional status right and method. The law organization is guaranteed. Only standard specializations can lead to the long-term development of the employment guidance teachers, so as to become a professional, with an international first-class level The fourth part analyzes the current professional status of the current vocational guidance staff in our country, including the professional status of the employment guidance personnel, the current situation of the standard development, the status of the qualification, the current situation of the development of the industry, and the professional disciplines and The fifth part, through the analysis of the power of the two governments, the society, the university and the individual, reveals the driving force of the professional development of the university's employment guidance teachers, analyzes the advantages of the United States and the defects that exist in our country, and improves the development of our country To guide the access standard of the teachers, formulate the performance evaluation and assessment system, improve the training system, organize the construction of the institution, the establishment of the discipline, the setting of the curriculum, the investment of the funds and so on.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G645.1;G649.712

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