振动训练对游泳运动员下肢力量及运动成绩影响的实验研究

发布时间：2018-01-29 01:54

本文关键词： 振动训练游泳运动员下肢力量运动成绩　出处：《北京体育大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：振动训练(Vibration Training)作为一种新兴的力量训练方法,其原理来自于通过振动台的波动性刺激方式,使受刺激部位在多质点状态下产生不随意肌肉的反射性收缩,从而引起肌肉收缩力量的增长。当国内外研究学者发现振动刺激,可以应用于运动训练领域的力量训练中之后,振动训练便引起了国内外更多人的注意,特别是各国的优秀教练员与运动员们。其研究的范围,从最初局部振动刺激,逐步发展到个身的振动刺激训练;研究的深度,从最初仅仅描述其现象,逐步发展到探讨振动刺激训练的机制,以及如何优化振动力量训练方案。游泳项目中,强大的下肢力量除了可以使运动员在游进中保持较高的身体位置,为游进提供的良好前进动力外,还是提高游泳运动员绝对速度的基础。本研究旨在及时跟踪国际最新力量训练理论和技术,从游泳运动员体能训练视角,探索在常规的陆上体能训练过程中增加振动训练是否可以在短期内有效提高游泳运动员的下肢力量及运动成绩,探讨游泳运动员力量训练方法新思路,为游泳运动员进行科学的专项力量训练提供参考。本研究选取18名北京体育大学竞技体育学院2014级游泳专项的学生,分为两组,实验组在振动训练仪上进行下肢力量训练,对照组在非振动条件下进行相同内容的训练,记录两组运动员实验前、中、后三次测试下肢身体形态、下肢力量及运动成绩方面的测试结果,实验后将这些数据进行对比分析,得出以下结论:(1)振动训练对游泳运动员下肢身体形态无显著性影响。(2)八周训练后,实验组运动员立定跳远及两种形式纵跳的腾空时间均有显著性变化,深蹲、半蹲最大力量两组均有大幅提高,且实验组成绩增幅更大(P=0.000)。可见振动训练对提高游泳运动员下肢力量具有较好效果。(3)振动训练后,实验组运动员50m主项打腿成绩有显著性提高,而50m主项成绩则无显著性变化。
[Abstract]:Vibration training (vibration training) as a new strength training method, the principle of vibration training comes from the mode of vibration stimulation through the vibration table. To cause the reflex contraction of involuntary muscle in the state of multi-particle, which leads to the increase of muscle contractility, when researchers at home and abroad find that vibration stimuli. After it can be applied to strength training in the field of sports training, vibration training has attracted the attention of more people at home and abroad, especially the excellent coaches and athletes from all over the world. From the initial local vibration stimulation, gradually developed to the individual vibration stimulation training; The depth of the study, from the initial description of the phenomenon, gradually developed to explore the mechanism of vibration stimulation training, and how to optimize the vibration strength training program. Strong lower limb strength in addition to the athletes in swimming to maintain a higher body position, for swimming to provide a good driving force. The purpose of this study is to track the latest international strength training theories and techniques from the perspective of swimming athletes' physical training. To explore whether increasing vibration training in the course of conventional land physical training can effectively improve the lower limb strength and sports performance of swimmers in a short period of time, and to explore a new way of strength training for swimmers. This study selected 18 students from Beijing Sports University competitive Sports College in 2014, and divided them into two groups. The experimental group in the vibration training instrument for lower limb strength training, the control group in the non-vibration conditions for the same content of training, recorded the two groups of athletes before, during, and three times to test the lower extremity body shape. The test results of lower extremity strength and sports performance were compared and analyzed after the experiment. Draw the following conclusion: 1) vibration training has no significant effect on the lower limb body shape of swimmers. (2) after eight weeks of training. The test group athletes standing long jump and the two forms of vertical jump have significant changes in the time of takeoff, squat, half squat maximum strength of the two groups have significantly improved. The results of the experimental group increased more than P0. 000. It can be seen that vibration training has a better effect on improving the lower limb strength of swimmers after vibration training. The results of 50 m main item in the experimental group were significantly improved, but there was no significant change in the 50 m main item score.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G861.1

【相似文献】