基于肌肉-骨骼建模的途中跑大腿后肌损伤时相探讨

发布时间：2018-01-31 07:48

本文关键词： 肌肉-骨骼建模途中跑大腿后肌损伤时相　出处：《上海体育学院学报》2017年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的:分析大腿后肌力量、长度、速度、功率等肌肉拉伤危险因子的交互作用,探讨快速跑时大腿后肌拉伤发生时相的生物力学机制。方法:采集受试者途中跑三维动作解析和测力台数据,建立下肢肌肉-骨骼模型和肌肉功能模型并确立静态优化算法,量化下肢单块肌肉的生物力学数据。结果:大腿后肌在摆动期中间阶段承受高应力且处于高速离心收缩状态,并在此时出现了整个步态中做负功的单位面积功率峰值;大腿后肌长度峰值出现在摆动末期,应力的最大值出现在摆动末期和着地瞬间,且在长度峰值之前的摆动后期,大腿后肌始终表现为离心收缩;大腿后肌在触地初期被极大拉长的状态下,承受高负荷(应力)并高速向心收缩而出现做正功单位面积功率的峰值。结论:摆动期(中间阶段和末期)是大腿后肌群容易拉伤的时相;股二头肌长头是大腿后肌群最易损伤的肌肉。
[Abstract]:Objective: to analyze the interaction of muscle tension risk factors such as strength, length, speed and power of posterior thigh muscle. To explore the biomechanical mechanism of posterior thigh muscle strain during rapid running. Methods: 3D motion analysis and force table data were collected. The lower extremity musculoskeletal model and muscle function model were established and the static optimization algorithm was established. Results: the posterior thigh muscle was subjected to high stress and was in the state of high speed centrifugal contraction during the middle stage of wobble period. At this time, the peak value of unit area power of doing negative work in the whole gait appears. The peak value of the length of the posterior thigh muscle appeared at the end of the swing, the maximum of the stress appeared at the end of the swing and the moment of landing, and at the later stage of the swing before the peak of the length, the posterior muscle of the thigh always showed eccentric contraction. The posterior thigh muscle is greatly elongated at the beginning of the touchdown. The peak value of positive power per unit area appeared due to high load (stress) and high speed concentric contraction. Conclusion: the wobble period (middle stage and end stage) is the time phase when the posterior thigh muscle group is easily injured. The long head of biceps femoris is the most easily damaged muscle in the posterior thigh group.
【作者单位】：南昌大学体育与教育学院;江西科技师范大学体育学院;江西省体育科学研究所;
【分类号】：G804.6
【正文快照】： 163.com大腿后肌群(乆绳肌,包括半腱肌、半膜肌、股二头肌长头和股二头肌短头)在运动中容易受伤,经常表现为快跑时的急性拉伤。大腿后肌拉伤具有不可预知性、症状持久、恢复期长等特点。在所有的肌肉拉伤类型中,大腿后肌拉伤的复发率最高[1-5]。双关节肌大腿后肌能在多个关节

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