门与酒：T县体育部门的行动逻辑

发布时间：2018-02-03 10:28

本文关键词： 县级体育部门行动逻辑乡土社会官僚制田野调查　出处：《北京体育大学》2017年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：县级这一行政级别在我国地位特殊,作用关键,它既是国家政策传达和执行的机构,又要聆听群众的意见与需求。县级体育部门是我国行政层级中级别最低的体育部门,也往往是体育政策落实的最后一级行政主体。这一层级的体育部门的工作状态,关系到国家宏观政策落地的问题,长期以来却关注较少。为了解县级体育部门的工作状态,勾勒其基本的行动逻辑,笔者自2016年4月起,前往T县体育管理服务中心进行田野调查,运用参与观察法和访谈法,进行第一手资料收集,经过整理后,结合运用文献资料法,确立以资源依赖理论、官僚制理论、乡土社会理论和实践理论为基础,构建本文的框架结构。研究发现:1、T县过度重视经济发展与急速城镇化、T县体管中心主体地位下降和事权萎缩,导致中心在财力、物力和人力等方面资源水平偏低,向外寻求资源成为体管中心与其他主体互动和交往的起点;2、为摆脱不利局面,体管中心首先同其他主体开展正式的工作交往,由于资源对外依赖程度高,在交往中表现为弱势地位;在求助于行政系统内部时,上级领导的支持往往有限、甚至发生异化,而广泛使用书面材料带来的行政弊病,又使体管中心对形式化途径产生排斥,最终,正式工作交往未能达到预期;3、体管中心被迫只能采用“半正式工作交往”,作为弥补资源不足、摆脱弱势地位的最终策略,于是在其寻求资源的行动中,呈现出两种不同的行动逻辑:一种是“门”的逻辑,它以官僚制的理性为基础,以资源水平作为决定因素,以明文规则为依据,以官方话语和书面材料为途径,以实现工作目标和争取其他部门协同为目的;一种是“酒”的逻辑,它以人的感性为基础,以认同为决定因素,以不成文规则为依据,使用“帮忙”等意义含混的话语,以沟通感情为目的。看似矛盾的两种逻辑共同发挥作用,使体管中心达到了弥补资源不足的目的。4、门和酒的逻辑并行不悖,背后有着深层次的文化社会成因。从近因看,体育的娱乐价值提供了消解理性化的因素,T县共同的政治遗产提供了两种逻辑共同发挥作用的空间;从远因看,T县的乡土社会性质和中国的官僚制的发展历史,提供了酒的逻辑的滋生土壤。而从惯习概念予以统观,则会发现实践结构、制度环境和生活环境一脉相通决定了双重逻辑的整体性。因此,想在短期内建立理想化的、纯粹的官僚科层制,至少在T县层面是不现实的。本文建议,体管中心自身要以增能扩权为基础,发挥县体育部门的重要功能。T县政府应当反思机构改革,摒除官僚制弊病,尝试使用现代管理技术,克服繁文缛节,加强过程指导和监督,向整体性政府改革迈进,并对酒的逻辑进行妥善控制。
[Abstract]:The administrative level of county level has a special status in our country and plays a key role. It is the organ of national policy communication and implementation. At the same time, we should listen to the opinions and needs of the masses. The sports department at the county level is the lowest level in the administrative level of our country. It is also the final administrative subject of the implementation of sports policy. The working state of the sports department at this level is related to the issue of the landing of the national macro policy. In order to understand the working state of county sports department and outline its basic action logic, the author went to T county sports management service center to conduct field investigation since April 2016. Using the method of participation observation and interview to collect firsthand data, after collating, combining with the method of literature, it establishes the foundation of resource dependence theory, bureaucracy theory, local society theory and practice theory. The study found that the county attached too much importance to economic development and rapid urbanization, the main position of the county sports management center declined and the power shrank, resulting in the financial resources of the center. The level of resources such as material resources and human resources is on the low side, seeking out resources to become the starting point of interaction and communication between SMC and other subjects; (2) in order to get rid of the disadvantageous situation, SMC first carries out formal working communication with other subjects, because of the high degree of external dependence on resources, it shows the weak position in the communication; When turning to the internal administrative system, the support of the superior leaders is often limited or even alienated, and the extensive use of written materials brings about administrative maladies, which makes the SMC reject the formal approach and ultimately. The formal working communication failed to meet the expectations; 3. SMC was forced to adopt only "semi-formal working communication" as the final strategy to make up for the shortage of resources and get rid of the weak position, so it was in its action to seek resources. There are two different logic of action: one is the logic of "door", which is based on the rationality of bureaucracy, taking the level of resources as the decisive factor, taking explicit rules as the basis, and taking official discourse and written material as the way. To achieve the objectives of the work and seek synergy among other departments; One is the logic of "wine", which is based on human sensibility, on the basis of identity as the decisive factor, on the basis of unwritten rules, and on vague words such as "help". The seemingly contradictory two kinds of logic work together to make up for the shortage of resources. 4. The logic of door and wine goes hand in hand. There are deep cultural and social causes behind it. From the perspective of recent reasons, the recreational value of sports provides a space for the elimination of rational factors and the common political heritage of T County, which provides two kinds of logic to play a role together. Looking at the local social nature of Yutt County and the development history of Chinese bureaucracy, it provides a breeding ground for the logic of wine. However, from the perspective of the concept of habit, the practical structure can be found. The combination of institutional environment and living environment determines the integrity of dual logic. Therefore, it is unrealistic to establish an idealized, pure bureaucratic hierarchy in the short term, at least at the level of T county. Sports management center itself should be based on the expansion of power, give play to the important function of the county sports department. T county government should reflect on institutional reform, eliminate bureaucratic ills, try to use modern management technology to overcome red tape. Strengthen process guidance and supervision, advance towards holistic government reform, and properly control the logic of wine.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G812.7

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