板球击球员预判投球线路的正确率与视觉搜索策略的相关性研究

发布时间：2018-02-17 04:42

本文关键词： 击球员视觉搜索运动决策正确率　出处：《成都体育学院》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：板球运动属于技战能主导类轮换攻防对抗性项群,其技术特点鲜明,技巧种类繁多,是一项以击球为主要得分方式的运动项目。击球技术的优劣对比赛结果起到决定性的作用,而快速、准确的判断是击球技术准确发挥的前提,因此击球员如何获得视觉信息的方法则至关重要。在运动心理学领域,视觉信息提取的不同模式可能反映了高水平运动员与一般水平运动员运动能力的差异性,记录不同水平的击球员在运动训练或比赛过程中的眼动模式,有利于帮助新手击球员进行有效的策略训练。本研究的目的旨在借助运动心理学眼动技术,探索运动员在击球过程中捕获视觉信息的变化,客观的反应事实。本实验采用德国SIM I View X RED 3.5遥测式眼动仪,被试对象为中国女子板球队队员和沈阳体育学院院队队员,共计20人(专家组10人、新手组10人)。通过对专家组和新手组被试的眼动特征进行记录,探讨板球击球员判断投球线路的正确率以及在此过程中的眼动特征、预判正确率与视觉搜索的相关关系,为提高击球员预判能力提供一定的理论基础。研究结果表明:(1)专家组被试在投球手、躯干、球、头部,这4个部位上的注视时间大于新手组被试,并且差异显著,而在注视时间与预判正确率的相关分析中显示投球手、躯干、头部这3个部位正是与预判准确率高度相关的部位。(2)从起跳、球出手瞬间、球出手后3个时间节点分析两组被试Heat map截图,得出专家组的注视区域是投手的投球手、躯干、头部的位置,说明专家组更加注重注视与投球动作相关的部位,而新手组的注视区域则在身体以外的位置,眼球的跳跃较大,则没有表现出稳定的视觉模式。(3)从正桩、中桩、腿桩3个投球线路分析两组被试Gaze replay截图,得出专家组被试的注视轨迹较为简洁,大致上保持4个注视个数,而新手组的注视轨迹则呈现出杂乱无章的状态。(4)两组被试在注视时间与预判正确率的相关分析中呈正相关的依次是:投球手、躯干、头部3个部位,注视部位集中在这3个部位上时,预判准确率极高。呈负相关的部位是:体外,注视部位在体外时则预判准确率极低。
[Abstract]:Cricket is a kind of rotating attack and defense adversarial item group, which has distinct technical characteristics and various kinds of skills. It is a sport in which batting is the main scoring method. The advantages and disadvantages of the batting technique play a decisive role in the result of the match. And fast and accurate judgment is the prerequisite for the accurate use of the batting technique, so how to get visual information is very important for the batter. In the field of sports psychology, The different modes of visual information extraction may reflect the difference between the high level athletes and the general level athletes, and record the eye movement patterns of different level batters in the course of training or competition. The purpose of this study is to explore the changes of visual information captured by athletes during batting with the help of sport psychology eye movement technology. SIM I View X RED 3.5 telemetry eye movement instrument was used in this experiment. The subjects of this experiment were Chinese women cricket team members and Shenyang Institute of physical Education team members, with a total of 20 (10 expert groups, 10 experts). By recording the eye movement characteristics of the expert group and the novice group, this paper discusses the correct rate of the cricket batter to judge the pitching line and the eye movement feature in the process, and the correlation between the correct rate and the visual search. In order to improve the ability to predict the batter, the research results show that the fixation time of the expert group on the pitcher, torso, ball and head is longer than that in the novice group, and the difference is significant. And in the analysis of the correlation between fixation time and the correct rate of prediction, the pitcher, torso and head are the three parts that are highly related to the accuracy of the prediction. The Heat map screenshots of the two groups were analyzed at three time points after the ball was thrown, and the position of the pitcher, torso and head in the watching area of the expert group was obtained, indicating that the expert group paid more attention to the position related to the pitching action. In the novice group, the fixation area was located outside the body, and the eyeball jumped larger, but did not show a stable visual pattern. (3) the Gaze replay screenshots of the two groups were analyzed from the three pitching routes of the positive pile, the middle pile and the leg pile. It is concluded that the gaze track of the expert group is relatively simple, and the number of fixation is approximately 4. The fixation locus of the novice group showed a chaotic state.) in the correlation analysis of the fixation time and the correct rate of prediction, the subjects in the two groups were: pitcher, torso, and head in the order of positive correlation. When the fixation sites are concentrated on these three sites, the accuracy of prediction is very high, and the negative correlation is: in vitro, the prejudgment accuracy of fixation is very low.
【学位授予单位】：成都体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G849.9

【相似文献】