影响儿童青少年中高强度体力活动的建成环境因素——基于GIS客观测量的研究

发布时间：2018-03-03 05:41

本文选题：建成环境　切入点：儿童青少年　出处：《体育与科学》2017年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的:探讨儿童青少年上下学通勤距离、居住小区和学校周边绿化、交叉路口密度、开敞空间分布、户外运动场地和设施等建成环境因素(基于GIS客观测量)对儿童青少年中高强度体力活动的影响。方法:选取研究区域内9-17岁儿童青少年297名(男生151名,女生146名)佩戴ActiGraph加速度计7天测量其中高强度体力活动。依据样本人群的家庭住址,利用ArcGIS10.0软件分析样本人群居住区周边1km缓冲区范围内绿化以及交叉路口、开敞空间、户外运动场地和设施以及公共交通站点密度,学校周边1km缓冲区范围内绿化以及公共交通站点密度。之后依据33和66两个百分位数点对自变量和因变量划分出三个等级并赋值1,2和3。最后将人口社会学变量作为控制变量纳入有序多分类Logistic回归模型。结果:居住小区周边运动场地和设施密度每升高一个等级,因变量的等级变化预估系数β分别为1.158,p=0.033和1.663,p=0.004,居住小区周边交叉路口密度第2等级和第3等级之间变化的预估系数β为2.019,p=0.000。其它建成环境要素密度未发现与自变量存在明显的相关性。结论:儿童青少年居住小区周边运动场地和设施密度及街道交叉路口密度的增加有助于改善其日常中高强度体力活动量。因此,我们日常在进行城市空间营造时,应注意小型运动场地和设施的建设以及不同土地板块间的连通性规划。
[Abstract]:Objective: to explore the distance of commuting to and from school for children and adolescents, the density of intersections, the distribution of open space, and the greening of residential areas and schools. Effects of environmental factors such as outdoor sports venues and facilities (based on GIS objective measurements) on high-intensity physical activity in children and adolescents. Methods: a total of 297 children and adolescents aged 9-17 years were selected in the study area. According to the home address of the sample population, ArcGIS10.0 software was used to analyze the greening and intersections in the 1 km buffer area around the residential area of the sample population, as well as the open space. Density of outdoor sports venues and facilities and public transport stations, Within the 1 km buffer zone around the school, greening and the density of public transport stations. Then, according to 33 and 66 percentiles, the independent variables and dependent variables are divided into three grades and assigned 1 / 2 and 3. Finally, the sociological variables of population are used as the variables. In order to control the variables into the ordered multi-classification Logistic regression model. Results: the density of sports sites and facilities around the residential area increased by one grade. The prediction coefficient 尾 of the dependent variables is 1.158 and 1.663, respectively, and the prediction coefficient between the second and the third grade of the density of the intersections around the residential district is 2.019p0.000.The other environmental factor density has not been found and the independent variables have not been found. Conclusion: the density of sports venues and facilities around the residential area of children and adolescents and the density of street junctions can help to improve their daily high intensity physical activity. We should pay attention to the construction of small sports venues and facilities and the planning of connectivity between different land plates during the daily construction of urban space.
【作者单位】：上海体育学院;浙江师范大学;首都体育学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目《城市青少年体力活动保护的空间安全格局理论与GIS平台框架研究》,项目号:13BTY044 浙江省哲学社会科学规划重点项目资助《基于发展指数的城市青少年体质健康型人居环境研究》,项目号:17NDYJC044Z
【分类号】：G804.49

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