四川省城乡居民体育锻炼行为的差异性研究

发布时间：2018-03-05 05:11

本文选题：城乡居民　切入点：体育锻炼行为　出处：《成都体育学院》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：群众体育作为我国社会主义事业发展的重要组成部分,一直都备受党和国家领导人的高度重视。居民体育锻炼的行为关乎群众体育发展的好坏,对群众体育锻炼情况的调查分析可以有效地反映群众体育锻炼现状和存在的问题,分析城镇与乡村居民体育锻炼行为之间的差异性,对统筹城乡发展,缩小城乡差异,积极构建社会主义和谐社会起到推动作用。本研究利用2015年四川省全民健身活动状况调查的数据资料,采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、数理统计法、比较分析法等对四川省城镇与乡村居民体育锻炼行为进行对比研究,探讨城乡居民在体育锻炼行为上的差异和原因,结论如下:1.四川省城镇和乡村居民体育锻炼的参与度上存在一定的差异,城镇居民参加体育锻炼的人数要明显高于乡村居民,不同年龄段的城乡居民在锻炼次数和强度有不同的特点。教育程度、职业类型等个人背景的差异是影响城乡居民锻炼参与度的重要原因。2.城乡居民在体育锻炼项目的选择上展示出了一定的“趋同性”,通常选择一些简单、方便易于开展的体育项目。对场地要求相对较高的运动项目,城镇居民的选择性好于乡村。在居民体育锻炼场所选择上,乡村居民在自家庭院进行锻炼的人群较多,城镇居民在文体活动室或社区附近健身路径行锻炼人数较多,城镇居民体育锻炼设施相对好些。这种差异的原因主要是我国目前经济的发展现状,乡村的经济发展水平要落后于城镇水平,直接影响到乡村居民的生活方式及体育行为习惯,城镇居民在锻炼项目和类型上拥有更的选择。3.四川省城乡居民参加体育锻炼的目的主要为了提高自身身体素质。城镇居民则展现出了通过参加体育锻炼来达到减轻压力、调节情绪以及减肥等目的的特点;乡村居民主要是参加体育锻炼来提高运动技能、防病治病以及部分居民并不清楚其锻炼目的,说明乡村居民对体育的认识相对单一,不明白体育的多重价值和意义。在接受体育锻炼的指导上,乡村居民通过“自学形式”的人数百分比要高于城镇居民,城镇居民在接受体育锻炼的指导显得更加科学和专业。城乡居民对于体育认知水平的不同,是导致影响居民体育锻炼参与度的直接原因。
[Abstract]:Mass sports, as an important part of the development of socialist cause in our country, has always been highly valued by the leaders of the Party and the state. The behavior of the residents' physical exercise is related to the development of mass sports. The investigation and analysis of the situation of mass physical exercise can effectively reflect the present situation and existing problems of mass physical exercise, analyze the differences between urban and rural residents' physical exercise behavior, coordinate the development of urban and rural areas, and narrow the differences between urban and rural areas. This study uses the data of the investigation on the situation of the whole people's fitness activities in Sichuan Province in 2015, adopts the methods of literature, questionnaire, mathematical statistics, etc. A comparative study was made on the physical exercise behavior of the urban and rural residents in Sichuan Province, and the differences and reasons of the physical exercise behaviors between the urban and rural residents were discussed. Conclusion: 1.There are some differences in the participation of urban and rural residents in Sichuan Province. The number of urban residents participating in physical exercise is obviously higher than that of rural residents. Urban and rural residents of different age groups have different characteristics in the number and intensity of exercise. The difference of personal background, such as occupational type, is the important reason that affects the participation of urban and rural residents in exercise. 2. Urban and rural residents have shown certain "convergence" in the selection of physical exercise items, and they usually choose some simple ones. It is convenient and easy to carry out sports events. For sports with relatively high site requirements, urban residents have better selectivity than rural residents. In the selection of exercise places for residents, rural residents exercise in their own courtyard more people. The number of urban residents exercising on the fitness path near the sports and recreation room or near the community is relatively large, and the physical exercise facilities of the urban residents are relatively better. The main reason for this difference is the current economic development situation in China. The level of rural economic development should lag behind the level of urban development, which has a direct impact on the lifestyle and sports habits of rural residents. Urban residents have more choices in terms of exercise items and types. The purpose of urban and rural residents in Sichuan Province to participate in physical exercise is mainly to improve their physical fitness. Urban residents, on the other hand, show that they can reduce stress by taking part in physical exercise. Rural residents mainly take part in physical exercise to improve their motor skills, disease prevention and treatment, and some residents do not know the purpose of exercise, indicating that rural residents have a relatively simple understanding of physical education. I don't understand the value and significance of sports. In the guidance of physical exercise, the percentage of rural residents who pass "self-study form" is higher than that of urban residents. It is more scientific and professional for the urban residents to accept the guidance of physical exercise, and the difference of the cognition level of the urban and rural residents is the direct reason that affects the participation degree of the residents in physical exercise.
【学位授予单位】：成都体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G806

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