老年人24式简化太极拳经典动作的肌电学分析

发布时间：2018-03-05 07:10

本文选题：老年人　切入点：太极拳　出处：《山东体育学院》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：研究目的:运用表面肌电技术测试老年人24式简化太极拳中5种经典步态动作(搂膝拗步、倒卷肱、云手、蹬脚、揽雀尾)下肢肌肉(股直肌、股二头肌、胫骨前肌、腓肠肌外侧头)的肌电信号,并分析下肢肌肉的活动特点。研究方法:运用ME-6000肌电仪与摄像机等器材,测试15名练习太极拳10年以上的老年人在5个经典步态动作和正常走时,下肢4块肌肉的肌电图。通过参照视频文件对动作周期进行划分,运用Mega Win软件对肌电信号进行截取、全波整流、平滑等处理,通过计算和比较相关频域、时域指标得出结果。研究结果:(1)5个经典步态动作中4块肌肉的积分肌电值都和正常走时相比产生过显著性差异。5个经典动作中对股直肌的锻炼更多,而股直肌对维持身体平衡有着重要意义。(2)搂膝拗步在右脚着地左脚向前上步阶段和左脚着地右脚向前收脚阶段时左腿股二头肌的贡献率较大,在左脚着地右脚向前上步阶段和右脚着地左脚向前收脚阶段时左腿股直肌的贡献率较大。(3)倒卷肱在右脚着地左脚向后退步阶段左大腿肌肉激活的更早,左脚着地右脚向后退步阶段左小腿肌肉的激活的更早。(4)云手动作左脚出步阶段时左腿股二头肌贡献率更大,右脚收步阶段时左腿股直肌贡献率更大。(5)蹬脚动作左脚支撑蹬右脚阶段时4块肌肉的收缩持续时间都更久。(6)揽雀尾右脚在前阶段时左腿股直肌和胫骨前肌的积分肌电值更大,左脚在前阶段时左腿股二头肌的积分肌电值更大。研究结论:(1)太极拳对大小腿前后侧肌肉的锻炼较为均衡,并不是只针对部分肌肉的运动,并且太极拳有益于提高身体的平衡能力。(2)搂膝拗步在右脚着地左脚向前上步阶段和左脚着地右脚向前收脚阶段时左腿的重要发力肌肉是股二头肌,在左脚着地右脚向前上步阶段和右脚着地左脚向前收脚阶段时左腿的重要发力肌肉是股直肌。因此,搂膝拗步对大腿肌肉的锻炼有着重要意义。(3)倒卷肱左腿做后撤动作时左大腿肌肉更为活跃,左腿做支撑动作时左小腿肌肉更为活跃。(4)云手左脚出步时左腿的重要发力肌肉是股二头肌,右脚收步时左腿的重要发力肌肉是股直肌。因此,云手对大腿肌肉的锻炼有着重要意义。(5)蹬脚左腿单腿支撑时需要左腿4块肌肉都保持较长时间的收缩。(6)揽雀尾右脚在前时对左腿前侧肌肉的锻炼更多。左脚在前时对左腿股二头肌的锻炼更多。
[Abstract]:Objective: to test the muscles of lower limbs (rectus femoris, biceps femoris, anterior tibia) of 24 simplified Taijiquan in the elderly by surface electromyography (EMG). The electromyography of the lateral head of gastrocnemius and the characteristics of lower extremity muscle activity were analyzed. Methods: using ME-6000 electromyograph and video camera, 15 elderly people who had practiced Taijiquan for more than 10 years were tested during 5 classic gait movements and normal walking. EMG of 4 muscles of lower extremity. By referring to the video file to divide the motion cycle, using Mega Win software to intercept the EMG signal, rectifying the whole wave, smoothing and so on, through calculating and comparing the correlation frequency domain, The results of the study showed that the integral myoelectric values of 4 of the 5 classical gait movements were significantly different from those of the normal gait, and the rectus femoris muscle was exercised more frequently in the 5 classical gait movements. The rectus femoris muscle plays an important role in maintaining the balance of the body. (2) the biceps femoris muscle contributes greatly to the right foot, the left foot, the left foot, the left foot, the left foot, the left foot, the right foot, the left foot, the left foot, the right foot, the left foot, the right foot, the right foot, and the right foot, The contribution of the left leg rectus muscle to the left leg rectus muscle was higher during the left foot landing stage and the right foot landing left foot forward step stage.) the left thigh muscle activated earlier during the right foot landing and the left foot backward step. The left leg muscle activates earlier during the left foot landing and the right foot backward step. 4) the left leg biceps muscle contributes more to the left leg biceps muscle when the left foot steps out. The contribution rate of the left leg rectus muscle was greater during the right foot retraction stage. 5) the four muscles of the left foot supporting the right foot stage had longer contraction duration. 6) the integral myoelectric value of the left leg rectus femoris muscle and the tibial anterior muscle in the former stage was higher than that of the right foot. In the former stage of left foot, the integral electromyography of biceps femoris muscle of left leg is greater. Conclusion: 1) Taijiquan has a more balanced exercise on the anterior and posterior muscles of the calf, not only for some muscles. And Taijiquan is good for improving the balance of the body. 2) the important muscle of the left leg is the biceps femoris when the right foot lands on the ground and the left foot moves forward, and when the left foot lands on the ground and the right foot moves forward, the main muscle of the left leg is the biceps femoris. The main muscle of the left leg is the rectus femoris when the left foot lands on the ground and the right foot moves forward and the right foot moves forward. Cuddling the knee is of great significance to the exercise of the thigh muscles.) the left thigh muscles are more active when the left leg of the left brachium is pulled back. The left calf muscle is more active when the left leg is supported. 4) the important muscle of the left leg is the biceps femoris when the left foot steps out, and the important muscle of the left leg when the right foot moves is the rectus femoris. Cloud hand exercises to thigh muscle have important meaning. 5) when pedal foot left leg one leg support needs left leg 4 muscles to maintain longer contraction. 6) the freckle right foot is in front to the left leg front side muscle exercise more. The left foot is in the front. The left foot is in the front, the left foot is in the front, the left foot is in the front, the left foot is in the front, the left foot is in the front. When the left leg biceps muscle exercise more.
【学位授予单位】：山东体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G852.11

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