手球守门员防守7米球的眼动特征

发布时间：2018-03-05 12:43

本文选题：手球守门员　切入点：眼动特征　出处：《首都体育学院》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本研究通过对专业手球运动员封挡7米球的眼动特征差异进行比较,探讨了专家守门员与新手守门员的眼动特征。研究对象为解放军手球队队员8名(其中男队员4名,女队员4名),国家女子青年手球队队员2名和国家男子手球队队员4名(其中包括1名江苏队守门员、1名上海队守门员和2名北京队守门员),共计14名。本实验的情境为现场进行封挡7米球,采用德国SMI ETGTM便携式眼动仪对研究对象的眼动特征进行记录,此外应用Begaze3.7对原始数据进行编辑,应用SPSS20.0和Microsoft Excel工作表进行数据的统计处理。同时,使用Quintic二维动作捕捉分析系统进行录制,并记录守门员的反应时,实现了眼动特征与反应时数据的同步测量。实验以“专家-新手”范式,让每位被试封挡共计12个7米球,并记录、比较和分析其眼动特征和行为指标。通过已有研究成果与本实验的眼动及行为指标数据相结合,研究结果表明:(1)专家组被试与新手组被试的封挡成功率具有显著差异。在判断正确率上专家组被试与新手组被试呈现边缘显著。专家组被试的反应时小于新手组被试。(2)专家组被试与新手组被试在不同部位的注视时间指标中,专家组被试注视躯干和非射门手臂的时间显著小于新手组被试,而在注视射门队员头部的时间显著长于新手组被试。在不同位置的注视次数指标上,专家组被试在躯干和非射门手臂两个注视位置上未产生注视次数。(3)专家组被试与新手组被试在Gaze Replay图片上有显著差异,专家组被试的注视轨迹简单,注视点主要集中在头和球。新手组被试注视点轨迹较为复杂,注视点分散在头、球、躯干和射门肩膀。专家组被试与新手组被试在射门动作各个环节的注视点有明显不同,专家组被试在持球、引球、举球阶段注视点均为射门队员的头部,在射门阶段注视点为球。而新手组被试在持球阶段注视点在射门员躯干,在引球阶段注视点为射门队员的非射门手臂,在举球阶段注视点为射门队员的非射门手臂,在射门阶段注视点在射门队员的射门手臂。从专家与新手的行为指标中得出:做出正确、快速的判断决策与成功的封挡需要长期的训练和比赛和经验积累;从眼动指标中得出:射门队员的头部是注视的重要位置,躯干和非射门手臂非有效注视区域;专家组与新手组GazeReplay分析得出:专家组的注特征更加简洁、集约、高效。
[Abstract]:In this study, the eye movement characteristics of the expert goalkeeper and the novice goalkeeper were studied by comparing the eye movement characteristics of the professional handball players blocking 7-meter ball. The subjects of the study were 8 members of the PLA handball team (including 4 male players). There are 4 female players, 2 members of the national young women handball team and 4 members of the national men's handball team (including 1 goalkeeper of Jiangsu team and 1 goalkeeper of shanghai team and 2 goalie of Beijing team), a total of 14. The scene for the scene to block 7 meters ball, The SMI ETGTM portable eye movement instrument in Germany is used to record the eye movement characteristics of the subjects studied. In addition, Begaze3.7 is used to edit the original data, and the SPSS20.0 and Microsoft Excel worksheets are used for the statistical processing of the data. At the same time, Using the Quintic two-dimensional motion capture analysis system to record and record the goalie's reaction time, the eye movement characteristics and the response time data were measured synchronously. The experiment used the "expert-novice" paradigm to make each participant block a total of 12 7 meters ball. The eye movement characteristics and behavioral indicators were recorded, compared and analyzed. The results showed that there was significant difference in the blocking success rate between the novice group and the expert group, and the margin was significant between the expert group and the novice group, and the reaction time of the expert group was less than that of the novice group. Group of experts and novice group of subjects in different parts of the fixation time indicators, The time of gazing at the torso and non-shooting arm was significantly shorter than that of the novice group, while the time of gazing at the head of the shooting player was significantly longer than that of the novice group. There were significant differences in Gaze Replay images between the subjects of the panel and the novice group in the torso and non-shooting arm fixation positions. The gazing track of the subjects was simple. The fixation points were mainly concentrated on the head and the ball. The track of the fixation points in the novice group was more complicated, and the fixation points were scattered in the head, ball, torso and shooting shoulders. The subjects of the expert group were the head of the shooting player in the holding, leading and lifting stages of the ball and the ball at the shooting stage, while the novice group was watching the point at the shooting torso in the holding stage. The non-shooting arm of the shooting player at the point at which the ball is directed, and the non-shooting arm at the point of fixation at the point of view at the stage of lifting the ball, From the action index of experts and novices, it is concluded that making correct, quick decision and successful blocking requires long-term training, match and experience accumulation; From the eye movement index: the head of the shooting player is the important position of fixation, the torso and non-shooting arm are not effective fixation area; the GazeReplay analysis of the expert group and the novice group shows that the note characteristics of the expert group are more concise, intensive and efficient.
【学位授予单位】：首都体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G844

【参考文献】