我国竞技体育中操纵比赛行为的因素分析及治理对策

发布时间：2018-03-07 19:23

本文选题：操纵比赛行为　切入点：竞技体育　出处：《河南师范大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目前,我国竞技体育发展方兴未艾,不仅展现我国综合实力,提升国际形象,而且有助于民族凝聚力的提高。在竞技体育不断发展的过程中,商业化和市场化的融入对其产生一定的作用力,促使竞技体育与经济产生了密切联系。在利益的诱惑和驱动下,一些竞技体育中的“黑暗行为”随之产生,操纵比赛行为在这些问题中颇为显著。当下,对于我国竞技体育中的操纵比赛行为来说,并没有具体的法律规定和处罚条例对其进行约束和治理,体育的基本法《体育法》中的相关规定也比较匮乏,有关体育问题的处罚大多是根据《刑法》中相关条例进行引导性处罚。但由于体育的特殊性,刑法中现有的律条尚不能完全贴合实际的从根本上处理体育比赛中出现的情况,与问题实际解决的需求存在空隙。并且我国体育方面的赛制和管理体制也不够完善,赛制不完善造成体育比赛进行中有漏洞可钻,管理体制中政管不分的现象给体育事业健康发展带来隐患,这些问题的存在都可能造成操纵比赛行为的发生。而操纵比赛行为的出现给体育事业的发展带来很大的阻碍,不仅是对体育精神的亵渎,促使腐败行为的发生,阻碍体育水平的提高,损害我国国家形象,同时也是对其他运动员以及观众不负责任,损害观众的利益。本文运用文献资料法、比较研究法、案例分析法和理论分析法对我国竞技体育操纵比赛行为进行研究,得出如下结论:1.竞技体育中操纵比赛行为具有行为人主观故意性、主体特殊性、与比赛具有相关性、手段多样性、实施项目集中性、出现广泛性的特征。2.竞技体育中操纵比赛行为的形成主要由社会因素、法律因素以及个人因素构成。3.竞技体育中操纵比赛行为的存在具有违背竞技体育公平竞争原则、扰乱赛场秩序、阻碍竞技体育市场化进程、影响国家及相关单位形象、断送运动员运动生涯、引发竞技体育比赛安全隐患等危害。针对我国竞技体育操纵比赛行为提出的相应对策是:1.从健全法律法规,完善管理体制方面来看,应做到:完善立法,设立专门的体育法庭和管理机构;改善我国政企不分的管理现状;完善博彩行业;提升国民素质,将反腐进行到底。2.从完善比赛赛制,提高体育从业人员职业素养方面来看,应做到:在可能的项目上使用电子裁判;完善比赛赛制;在重视大型比赛的同时兼顾中小型比赛的治理;提高裁判员收入,高薪养廉;“体教结合”全面发展运动员,建立以竞技体育从业者权益为本的社会保障体系;提升运动员和教练员的道德法律意识,加强业务学习;把奖牌意识建立在民族荣誉和拼搏精神之后,调整金牌奖金额度。3.从建设与发展相结合方面来看,应做到:平衡好国家、社会和市场经济对体育事业发展的宏观调控和影响;全民体育、竞技体育和体育产业协调发展;加强体育文化的宣传和舆论的监督。
[Abstract]:At present, the development of Chinese competitive sports not only show our country just unfolding, comprehensive strength, enhance the international image, but also helps to enhance national cohesion. In the process of development of competitive sports in the integration of business and marketization have a certain amount of force on the prompting of competitive sports and economic have close ties in the interests. The temptation and drive, some sports in the "dark behavior" arises, manipulation of the game behavior is significant in these problems. For the moment, our country athletics sports match fixing behavior, there is no specific legal provisions and penalties and constraints of its governance, the relevant provisions of the basic law of sports "the sports law is relatively scarce, the relevant problems of sports punishment are mostly guided punishment according to relevant regulations of the criminal law. But" because of the special nature of sports, the existing criminal law The law is still not fully fit the actual fundamental treatment appeared in sports, and solve practical problems. There is a gap in demand and China's sports competition system and management system is not perfect, imperfect competition caused by sports events in the loopholes in the management system of government management, regardless of the phenomenon for the healthy development of sports cause problems, these problems may be caused by the manipulation of the game behavior. And manipulate the game behavior brings great obstacles to the development of sports, sports is not only the spirit of blasphemy, prompting the occurrence of corruption, hinder physical level, damage the image of our country, at the same time but for the other athletes and spectators irresponsible, damage the interests of the audience. In this paper, using the method of literature, comparative research, case analysis and theoretical analysis to our country Sports match fixing behavior research, draws the following conclusion: the manipulation of the game behavior of 1. competitive sports has subjective intention, subject particularity, correlation and competition, means diversity, the implementation of the project focus, which manipulate the game behavior of comprehensive characteristics of.2. in competitive sports mainly by social factors, law the factors and personal factors which manipulate the game behavior in the presence of.3. in competitive sports competitive sports has violated the principle of fair competition, disrupt the competition order, hinder the process of competitive sports market, national and relevant units of image, career ruined athletes, competitive sports cause safety hazards. The corresponding countermeasures of our country athletics sports match fixing behavior this is the 1. from the perfect laws and regulations, improve the management system aspect, should perfect the legislation, the establishment of specialized sports The courts and administrative bodies; improve the management status quo of China's enterprises; improve the gaming industry; enhance the quality of the nation, the corruption in the end.2. from the perfect competition, improve the sports professional occupation accomplishment, it should be possible to use electronic cutting in project contracting; perfect competition; in the importance of taking into account the big game in the governance of small game; improve the referee income, high salary; combination of all-round development of athletes of physical education, to establish the competitive sports practitioners rights for the social security system; enhance the ethical and legal awareness of athletes and coaches, strengthen the business of learning; the establishment of national honor medal in consciousness and fighting spirit, adjust the amount of the bonus gold.3. from the construction and development of the combination of point of view, should balance the state, society and market economy macro-control on the development of sports industry and influence National sports, competitive sports and sports industry coordinated development; strengthen the publicity of sports culture and supervision of public opinion.

【学位授予单位】：河南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G80-05

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