上海国际马拉松赛的功能演变与发展取向研究

发布时间：2018-03-11 14:22

本文选题：上海国际马拉松赛　切入点：功能演变　出处：《上海体育学院》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：进入21世纪的第二个十年,马拉松热成为了一种全民现象,是目前中国参与人数较为广泛,并且深受大众喜爱的健身项目。上海国际马拉松赛有着21年的办赛历史,既是中国较早一批的城市马拉松赛,又是目前国内第三家国际田联金牌路跑赛事,在各个方面的运行都比较成熟,具有广泛的关注度和较强的国际影响力。通过对上海国际马拉松赛的功能研究,可分析城市大型体育赛事对城市的发展中政治、经济、文化等方面产生积极的影响,同时也对我国社会体育事业的发展具有重要的意义。本文以上海国际马拉松赛的功能为主要研究对象,运用文献资料法,专家访谈法,个案分析法,田野调查法和数理统计法,结合笔者在上马组委会两年的实习经历,从功能演变和发展取向两个角度对上海国际马拉松赛进行研究。分析得出赛事的功能演变的情况、原因,现存问题和解决对策,研究结论如下:第一,中国城市马拉松赛的历史发展时期可以分为兴起时期(1981年-1994年),曲折发展时期(1995年-2010年)和兴盛时期(2011年-今)。上海国际马拉松赛在国内的相关赛事中属于起步较早的一批,至今已有21年的历史,发展历程可以分为起始阶段(1996年-2001年),发展阶段(2002年-2006年),过渡阶段(2007年-2010年),兴盛阶段(2011年-2013年),转型阶段(2014年-今)。第二,上海国际马拉松赛具有竞技功能、文化功能、政治功能、服务功能和经济功能,其功能演变的情况包括竞技功能整体弱化局部强化,文化功能内涵丰富全面强化,政治功能内涵变更逐步隐退,服务功能意识行为多面强化,以及经济功能逐步提升等五个方面。第三,上海国际马拉松赛功能演变的主导原因是赛事主体的需求变化,具体分析包括内因和外因两个方面,其中外因是文化变迁理论下的马拉松热,舆论引导理论下的大众体育媒介传播,内因是公共关系理论下的赛事形象塑造,功能主义理论下的赛事产业化发展。第四,从上海国际马拉松赛现存的功能问题包括:竞技功能过度弱化导致的伤病、替跑现象频发,文化功能理解偏差导致的海派体育文化缺失和教育、娱乐功能无法达到理想效果,政治功能定位失衡导致政企合作分工不明确、政府引导力缺乏,服务功能形式主义办赛主体人浮于事、专业化程度欠缺,以及经济功能开发不足导致的盈利模式单一化、产品开发形式化、品牌形象不完善等。第五,上海国际马拉松赛未来的发展取向包括:通过赛事细分,科学训练的普及和监察力度的提升满足赛事竞技健身双重功能,通过价值体系的构建,文化独特性的发掘保障赛事文化功能,通过明确政企关系,提升政府引导力重新定位赛事政治功能,强化办赛主体的专业化程度提升赛事服务功能,以及通过品牌化构建和产业化升级来发展赛事的经济功能。
[Abstract]:In the second decade of 21th century, marathon fever has become a national phenomenon. It is a popular and popular fitness event in China. The Shanghai International Marathon has a history of 21 years. It is not only a batch of earlier city marathons in China, but also the third IAAF gold medal road race in China at present. Its operation in all aspects is relatively mature. Through the study of the function of Shanghai International Marathon, we can analyze the positive influence of the large-scale sports events on the political, economic, cultural and other aspects of the development of the city. At the same time, it is of great significance to the development of social sports in our country. This paper takes the function of Shanghai International Marathon as the main research object, applies the method of literature, expert interview, case analysis, field investigation and mathematical statistics. Based on the author's two years' practical experience in the organizing committee, the author studies the Shanghai International Marathon from the perspective of function evolution and development orientation. The paper analyzes the evolution of the event's function, the reasons, the existing problems and the countermeasures. The conclusions are as follows: first, The historical development period of the Chinese urban marathon can be divided into three periods: the rising period (1981-1994), the tortuous period (1995-1995) and the flourishing period (1995-today). The Shanghai International Marathon is one of the early ones in the relevant domestic competitions. The development process can be divided into the initial stage (1996-2001), the development stage (2002-2002), the transitional stage (#date#time- 2002), the prosperous stage (2011-2013), the transition stage (2014-today). Shanghai International Marathon has competitive function, cultural function, political function, service function and economic function. The change of political function connotation gradually retreats, the service function consciousness behavior strengthens in many aspects, and the economic function is gradually promoted. Thirdly, the main reason for the function evolution of Shanghai International Marathon is the change of the main body's demand. The specific analysis includes two aspects: internal cause and external cause, among which the external cause is the marathon fever under the cultural change theory, the mass sports media transmission under the public opinion guidance theory, and the internal cause is the image shaping of the event under the public relations theory. Development of the industrialization of events under the Theory of functionalism. 4th, from the existing functional problems of the Shanghai International Marathon, including: injury caused by excessive weakening of competitive function, frequent occurrence of substitute running, Due to the deviation of cultural function understanding, the lack of sports culture and education and entertainment function of Shanghai school can not achieve the ideal effect, the imbalance of political function position leads to the unclear division of labor between government and enterprise, and the lack of government guidance. Service function formalism the main body of the competition is overstaffed, the degree of specialization is lacking, and the profit model is single, the product development is formalized, the brand image is not perfect, and so on. 5th, due to the lack of economic function development, etc. The future development orientation of Shanghai International Marathon includes: through the competition segmentation, the popularization of scientific training and the enhancement of supervision to meet the dual function of competitive fitness, through the construction of value system, To explore the unique cultural characteristics of the event to ensure the cultural function of the event, through a clear relationship between the government and enterprises, enhance the government guidance to reposition the political function of the event, strengthen the professional level of the main event to enhance the service function of the event, And through brand construction and industrialization upgrade to develop the economic function of the event.
【学位授予单位】：上海体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G822.8

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