三性训练对于智障儿童康复效果的实证研究

发布时间：2018-03-19 13:20

本文选题：智障儿童　切入点：协调性训练　出处：《武汉体育学院》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：研究目的:智障儿童的生存与发展是一个急待解决的社会性大问题,也是一个国家精神文明建设的重要体现。智障儿童患病的原因主要是大脑中枢神经系统出现了紊乱,目前改善智障儿童症状的比较有效途径主要是通过康复训练、教育干预的方式方法,国内外一些成功的康复训练范例让许许多多的智障儿童看到了希望。本文主要从神经系统工作模式和动作技能形成机制出发,针对智障儿童三性(协调性,灵敏性,平衡性)失调的特征,设计了一套系统的三性训练方案、构建了智障儿童身体康复的指标评价体系,并通过对智障儿童实施系统的三性训练,运用相关的指标分别验证三性训练在脑神经运动功能的康复(协调性,灵敏性,平衡性能力的改善)、智障儿童身体机能(心肺功能)与基本素质(力量、速度、耐力)变化、IQ与综合能力(认知、运动感知、语言表达、生活自理、社会交往、社会适应能力)改善上产生多大作用。希望能给智障儿童康复训练的从业者、患儿的家长、社会爱心人士提供一定的理论指导。研究对象与方法:本研究通过文献资料法、访谈法、实验法、数理统计法等进行了理论与实践的探索,在松滋市特殊教育学校选取了8名12到14岁男性中度智障儿童为实验对象,进行了为期3个月三性训练对智障儿童的康复效果的实证研究。研究内容与结果:本文研究主要体现在三个方面:设计了三性(协调性,灵敏性,平衡性)训练方案,构建了康复训练效果的指标评估体系,开展了实证研究。研究结果表明:实验前后分别对实验对象进行了三性的测试、身体机能和素质的测试、智力和六大能力的测试,其中三性(协调性指标选择跳绳、双手运球、交叉拍击、侧向交叉步,灵敏性指标选择六角反应球,平衡性指标选择闭眼单脚站立、平衡木);机能指标选择安静脉搏、肺活量,素质指标选择50米跑、立定跳远、1000米跑;并用SPSS13.5对实验数据进行分析。训练前后跳绳、双手运球、交叉拍击、侧向交叉跑、平衡木P0.01,存在高度显著性差异,六角反应球P0.05,存在显著性差异,闭眼单脚站立P0.05,不存在显著性差异;安静脉搏、1000米跑P0.05,不存在显著性差异,肺活量、50米跑、立定跳远P0.01,存在高度显著性差异;感知P0.05,存在显著性差异。IQ、运动、生活自理、认知、语言交往、社会适应P0.05,不存在显著性差异。研究结论:通过配对样本T检验统计数据得知,通过3个月的训练,(1)8名智障儿童的协调性、灵敏性、平衡性都得到了一定程度的提高,三性的训练改善了大脑神经对肌肉的调节功能,使三性能力得到了提高。(2)8名智障儿童的身体机能和素质得到了一定程度的提高,三性的训练锻炼了肢体的各个部分,提高了心肺能力、力量、速度、耐力等,使身体的机能和素质得到了一定程度的提高。(3)8名智障儿童的智力和六大能力得到了一定程度的提高,运动能改善儿童的智力水平,三性的训练锻炼了智障儿童感知认知事物的能力、增强了动手的能力、提升了自信心和语言交流能力,使智障儿童的智力和六大能力得到提高。
[Abstract]:Objective: To study the survival and development of mentally retarded children is a serious social problems, but also an important embodiment of the construction of spiritual civilization of a country. The reason of mentally retarded children sick is mainly the brain central nervous system disorders, is the most effective way to improve the symptoms of mentally retarded children is mainly through rehabilitation training, education and intervention methods the way, both at home and abroad, some successful examples of rehabilitation training for many mentally retarded children see hope. This article mainly embarks from the mode of action and system of work skills for neural mechanism of mentally retarded children (three coordination, agility, balance disorders) characteristics, designed a system of three training, construction the evaluation index system of mentally retarded children's physical rehabilitation, and through the implementation of the system of three training of mentally retarded children, using relevant indicators were verified three training In the movement of the nerve function rehabilitation (coordination, improve the sensitivity, balance ability), mentally retarded children's body function (cardiopulmonary function) and basic quality (strength, speed, endurance and ability) changes, IQ (motion perception, cognition, language, life, social interaction, social adaptability) have much effect on improving. I hope to give disabled children rehabilitation training practitioners, parents of children, provide some theoretical guidance for the community of caring people. Subjects and methods: This study through the literature data method, interview method, experimental method, explores the theory and practice of mathematical statistics, in the city of Songzi the special education school from 8 12 to 14 year old male with moderate mental retarded children as the experimental object, an empirical study on the rehabilitation effect of 3 month three training for mentally retarded children. The research contents and results: This study is mainly reflected in the three Three aspects: Design (coordination, agility, balance) training scheme, evaluation index system construction of the rehabilitation training effect, to carry out empirical research. The results show that the experimental respectively before and after the experiment conducted a three test, body function and quality test, intelligence and ability test six among them, three (coordination index of rope skipping, hands dribbling, cross slap, lateral cross step, sensitivity index selection six angle reaction ball, balance index closed standing on one foot, balance beam); quiet pulse, function index of vital capacity, quality index of the 50 meter run, standing long jump, 1000 meter run; and the experimental data were analyzed by SPSS13.5. Before and after training, rope skipping, hands dribbling, cross slap, lateral cross run, balance beam P0.01, there was a highly significant difference, six angle reaction ball P0.05, there was a significant difference, standing on one foot with eyes closed P0.05, there is no significant difference; quiet pulse, 1000 meter run P0.05, there is no significant difference in vital capacity, 50 meter run, standing long jump P0.01, there was significant difference; there is a significant difference between the perception of P0.05,.IQ, sports, self-care, cognition, language communication, social adaptation P0.05, not significant difference. Conclusions: by the paired sample T test statistical data showed that after 3 month training, (1) coordination, 8 mentally retarded children's sensitivity, the balance has been improved to a certain extent, three of the training to improve the adjusting function of brain nerve on the muscle, the three ability has been improved. (2) 8 mentally handicapped children's physical function and quality has been improved to some extent, three of the training exercise every part of the body, improve heart and lung capacity, strength, speed, endurance, physical function and quality to a certain degree. High. (3) 8 mentally retarded children's intelligence and the ability of the six has been improved to some extent, exercise can improve children's intelligence, three of the training exercise perception of mentally retarded children cognitive ability, enhance the ability, enhance their self-confidence and communication skills, the mentally retarded children's intelligence and six the ability to be improved.

【学位授予单位】：武汉体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G804.49

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