吉林省部分地区老年人体质状况研究

发布时间：2018-03-24 15:46

本文选题：吉林省　切入点：60-69岁老年人　出处：《东北师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的:利用国民体质监测了解吉林省老年人的体质情况,通过对比数据更深入地把握我省四年间老年人体质状况的变化趋势,分析存在问题的成因,并根据问题制定有针对性的措施方法,为进一步提升我省老年人体质健康、更加深入系统地开展老年人体质研究工作提供科学依据。方法:通过文献资料法、问卷调查法、体质测试法和数理统计法对2010和2014年吉林省国民体质监测报告中发布的老年人体质监测数据进行研究,对吉林省部分地区60-69岁老年人的身体形态、身体机能和身体素质的各项指标进行对比分析。结果:2010年-2014年我省60-69岁男、女性城乡老年人身高对比没有明显变化,差异不明显(P0.05);但体重、胸围、腰围方面的12组数据对比中,体重有11组呈现升高趋势,并且5组上升十分显著(P0.01),2组上升较为显著(P0.05);胸围同样是11组呈增加趋势,8组升高差异显著(P0.01),3组差异较为明显(P0.05);腰围测试数据中,有10个组别呈增加趋势,5组增加程度十分显著(P0.01),3组增幅比较显著(P0.05);臀围测试部分,其中10组呈减小趋势,4组差异十分明显(P0.01),2组差异较为明显(P0.05)。我省老年人四年间整体趋势是身高变化不明显,符合人体自然发展规律;但体重、胸围、腰围的指数呈现上升趋势,腰臀比(WHR)指数同样也呈上升趋势,肥胖型老年人比例逐渐增大。2010年-2014年我省60-69岁男、女性城乡老年人身体机能测试中,老年人的安静脉搏在12组对比中均呈上升趋势,并且差异显著(p0.01);肺活量测试当中,则呈现出下降趋势。2014年老年人的整体心肺功能情况不如2010年的表现值。2010年-2014年我省60-69岁男、女性城乡老年人身体素质测试中,握力测试:12组数据当中有7组呈下降趋势,4组非常显著(p0.01),1组较为显著(p0.05),2组没有显著差异(p0.05);坐位体前屈测试:12组数据均呈现出下降趋势,其中有11组差异非常显著(P0.01),1组没有明显差异;闭眼单脚站立测试:12组数据当中有9组呈现下降趋势,并有8组非常显著(p0.01),1组差异不明显(p0.05);选择反应时测试:12组数据当中有11组呈现下降趋势,并且其中9组具有显著性差异(p0.01)。我省老年人2014年的身体素质调查结果总体呈现下降趋势。结论:我省老年人体质健康状况整体呈下降趋势。导致体质下降的原因有多个方面,其中包括个体原因、社会因素、生活环境因素,以及年龄因素等。本文对这些因素给予了深入的剖析,并提出了有针对性的对策与建议,以促进我省老年人体质的健康发展。
[Abstract]:Objective: to understand the physical condition of the elderly in Jilin Province by using the national physique monitoring, and to analyze the causes of the existing problems by comparing the data with the changing trend of the physical condition of the elderly in our province during the past four years. In order to further improve the physical health of the elderly in our province and carry out the research of the physical constitution of the elderly more systematically, the scientific basis is provided. Methods: through the method of literature and questionnaire, The physique test method and mathematical statistics method were used to study the physique monitoring data of the elderly published in the national physique monitoring report of Jilin Province in 2010 and 2014, and the body shape of the elderly aged 60-69 years in some areas of Jilin Province was studied. Results: from 2010 to 2014, there was no significant change in the body height of 60 to 69 years old men and women in urban and rural areas, but the difference was not significant (P 0.05), but the body weight, chest circumference and waist circumference were compared in 12 groups. The body weight of 11 groups showed an increasing trend, and the increase of 5 groups was very significant (P 0.01). The increase of chest circumference was similar to that of the 11 groups (P 0.01) and the increase of chest circumference was significant (P 0.05) in the 8 groups and the waist circumference test data, the difference was significant (P 0.05), and there was no significant difference between the two groups in the waist circumference test, and in the data of waist circumference test, 10 groups showed an increasing trend. The increase of group 5 was very significant. The increase of group 3 was significantly higher than that of group 3 (P 0.05). Among them, 10 groups showed a decreasing trend. The difference between group 2 and group 2 was very obvious. The overall trend of the elderly in our province in the past four years is that the change of height is not obvious, which accords with the law of natural development of human body, but the index of body weight, chest circumference and waist circumference is on the rise. The WHR WHRindex also showed an upward trend, and the proportion of the obese elderly gradually increased. In the physical function test of 60-69 years old men and women, the quiet pulse of the elderly showed an upward trend in the 12 groups. And the difference was significant (p 0.01). In the vital capacity test, there was a downward trend. The overall cardiopulmonary function of the elderly in 2014 was not as good as that in 2010. In the physical fitness test of 60-69 years old male and female urban and rural elderly in 2010-2014 in our province, There was no significant difference between group 1 and group 1 (p0.05), and there was no significant difference between group 2 (p0.05), and the data of group 12 showed a downward trend in sitting position forward flexion test (% 12), and there was no significant difference between group 1 (P 0.05) and group 1 (P 0.05). There were very significant differences in 11 groups. There was no significant difference in P0.01 group 1. Nine of the 12 groups of data from the one-legged closed-eye standing test showed a downward trend. There was no significant difference between 8 groups (p 0.01) and 11 of the selected reaction time test data (12 groups) showed a downward trend, and there was no significant difference between the two groups (p 0.05), and there was no significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). The physical fitness of the elderly in our province in 2014 showed a general downward trend. Conclusion: the physical health status of the elderly in our province as a whole shows a downward trend, and the reasons for the decline of physique are many aspects, and there are many reasons for the decline in the physical fitness of the elderly in our province, and there are many reasons for the decline in the physical fitness of the elderly in 2014. These factors include individual reasons, social factors, living environment factors and age factors. This paper gives a thorough analysis of these factors, and puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to promote the healthy development of the physical constitution of the elderly in our province.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G804.49

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