足球运动员在重复性无氧冲刺跑测试中下肢神经肌肉和力学变化特征

发布时间：2018-04-10 18:31

本文选题：足球 + 无氧冲刺跑　；参考：《成都体育学院学报》2017年01期

【摘要】：目的:本研究观察足球运动员在重复性无氧冲刺跑测试中下肢神经肌肉和力学的变化。方法:本研究以来自中国足球甲级联赛的10名职业足球运动员为研究对象,运动员进行6×35m,间隔10s的无氧冲刺跑运动。运动员在天然草坪上穿足球鞋完成测试。通过足底压力触发系统计算受试者冲刺跑的力学特征,通过ME6000表面肌电仪测试受试者冲刺跑过程中股外侧肌(VL)、股直肌(RF)、股二头肌(BF)s EMG的均方根振幅(RMS)。同时采集运动员运动后血乳酸、心率以及主观体力等级感觉(RPE)数据。结果:运动员在完成6次无氧冲刺跑后血乳酸为(11.2±2.2)mmol/L、心率为(170.6±5.3)b/min、RPE为16.5±1.2、疲劳指数为(38.4±4.6)%。最后一次冲刺跑与第一次冲刺跑相比,冲刺时间和脚与地面接触时间分别增加了28.2%和10.7%(P0.05),然而双脚腾空离地时间没有显著变化。步频和下肢垂直方向刚度分别下降了-8.4%(P0.05)和-33.1%(P0.01)。在整个运动过程中RF和BF的RMS值分别下降了-12.3%(P0.01)和-19.6%(P0.01),VL下降了-7.1%(P0.05),并且RF和BF的RMS肌电幅值下降程度与冲刺跑时间变长具有高度相关性(r=-0.89和r=-0.98,P0.05)。结论:重复性无氧冲刺跑导致足球运动员跑步力学参数以及神经-肌肉控制能力下降,并且在此过程中,股后肌群具有重要作用。
[Abstract]:Objective: to observe the neuromuscular and mechanical changes of lower extremity in repeated anaerobic sprint test.Methods: in this study, 10 professional soccer players from the Chinese Football League were studied. The athletes performed 6 脳 35 m, 10 s interval anaerobic sprint.Athletes complete the test by wearing football shoes on the natural lawn.The mechanical characteristics of sprinting were calculated by plantar pressure trigger system, and the RMS amplitude of lateral femoral muscle, rectus femoris EMG and biceps femoris EMG were measured by ME6000 surface electromyograph.At the same time, the data of blood lactic acid, heart rate and subjective physical strength were collected after exercise.Results: after six anaerobic sprints, the blood lactic acid was 11.2 卤2.2 mmol / L, the heart rate was 170.6 卤5.3 b / min, the RPE was 16.5 卤1.2, and the fatigue index was 38.4 卤4.6.Compared with the first sprint, the last sprint time and the foot to ground contact time increased by 28.2% and 10.7P0.05, respectively, but there was no significant change in the departure time of the feet from the ground.The step frequency and the vertical stiffness of the lower extremities were decreased by -8.4% and -33.1% (P0.05) and -33.1% respectively.Conclusion: repetitive anaerobic sprinting results in the decrease of the mechanical parameters of running and the neuromuscular control ability of the footballers, and the posterior femoral muscle group plays an important role in this process.
【作者单位】：山西大同大学;
【分类号】：G843

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