男子20km竞走项目速度节奏的实证研究

发布时间：2018-04-11 09:14

本文选题：竞走 + 速度节奏　；参考：《中国体育科技》2017年01期

【摘要】：选取2013年莫斯科世界田径锦标赛20 km竞走比赛中48名完成比赛的运动员为研究对象,通过对比不同竞技水平运动员速度节奏的差异、探讨不同速度节奏与最佳成绩重现能力的关系,揭示有利于最大限度发挥运动员潜能的速度节奏规律。结果:4组竞走运动员全程速度变异程度以及出发速度、峰值速度相对于全程平均速度的变异程度均存在显著差异。运动员在比赛中表现出其竞技水平越低,全程速度变异程度越大,出现速度持续下降的情况越早,速度下降比例越大;其出发速度相对于全程平均速度的变异程度越大,分段速度低于出发速度的情况发生的越早,出发速度高于全程平均速度越多;其峰值速度相对于全程平均速度的变异程度越大,峰值速度出现的时间越早且速度较小。运动员的最佳成绩重现能力与其全程速度变异程度,出发速度、峰值速度相对于全程平均速度的变异程度均呈现出负相关的关系。结论:男子20 km竞走项目比赛中,能最大程度发挥运动员潜能的速度节奏表现为全程速度变异较小,尤其是出发速度、峰值速度与各分段速度差异较小,且峰值速度出现较晚、出发速度低于多数其他分段速度。
[Abstract]:In this paper, 48 athletes who completed the 20km walking competition in the 2013 Moscow World Athletic Championships were selected as the research objects, and the differences of the speed and rhythm of the athletes at different competitive levels were compared.This paper probes into the relationship between different speed rhythm and the ability of reproducing the best result, and reveals the law of speed rhythm which is beneficial to maximize the potential of athletes.Results there were significant differences in the variation degree of the whole course speed and the departure speed and the peak velocity relative to the average speed of the whole course among the four groups of race walkers.The athletes show that the lower their competitive level, the greater the variation of the whole speed, the earlier the sustained decline of the speed, the greater the proportion of the speed drop; the greater the variation of the starting speed relative to the average speed of the whole course,The earlier the segmental velocity is lower than the departure velocity, the more the departure velocity is higher than the whole average velocity, and the greater the variation degree of the peak velocity is, the earlier the peak velocity appears and the smaller the velocity is.There is a negative correlation between the best performance reappearance ability and the variation degree of the whole course speed, the departure speed, the peak velocity relative to the average speed of the whole course.Conclusion: in the men's 20 km race race, the speed rhythm which can maximize the athletes' potential shows that the variation of the whole course speed is small, especially the starting speed, the difference between the peak velocity and the section speed is small, and the peak velocity appears later.The departure speed is lower than most other segmented speeds.
【作者单位】：西南大学体育学院;国家体育总局体质评价与运动机能监控重点实验室;
【分类号】：G821

【参考文献】