辽宁省优秀青少年女子跳高运动员助跑与起跳衔接技术的运动学分析

发布时间：2018-04-11 15:33

本文选题：青少年 + 女子　；参考：《沈阳体育学院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：女子跳高曾是辽宁省田径优势项目,金玲曾创造了1.97米的亚洲女子跳高纪录,但继此之后我国女子跳高成绩日趋下滑,未能保持辉煌成绩。通过查阅资料发现,多数文献仅局限于优秀跳高运动员技术的运动学分析,忽视了我国女子跳高项目停滞倒退的原因在于后备力量培养问题。本文从运动学角度出发,针对辽宁省优秀青少年女子运动员在比赛过程中存在的技术问题,进行动作技术的初期诊断。辽宁省青少年田径锦标赛云集了辽宁省田径各项目优秀青少年运动员,代表了辽宁省青少年最优秀的后备力量。本文选取2016年辽宁省青少年田径锦标赛上获得女子组前四名的青少年女子运动员为研究对象。研究方法采用文献资料法、测试法、对比分析法、数理统计法和访谈法。本文通过分析辽宁省优秀青少年女子跳高运动员的助跑与起跳衔接过程中运动学参数,剖析其存在问题,并作出技术诊断,提出合理建议,进而改进技术动作,提高运动成绩,为日后训练提供可参考数据。该研究创新点在于现场比赛中对运动员的动作技术指标进行收集,结合影像观察,分析辽宁省优秀青少年女子跳高运动员目前存在的差异与问题,提出改进动作技术的关键所在等。研究表明:1.辽宁省优秀青少年女子运动员的克托莱指数较大,在青少年选材方面应更加重视运动员身高的预测,控制体重的增长,加强运动员的一般素质和专项素质。2.辽宁省青少年女子运动员在起跳腿离地瞬间的身体重心水平速度和垂直速度具有较大差异,这正是运动员不同运动水平的体现,速度的提高是其获得成绩的关键因素。3.辽宁省优秀青少年女子运动员普遍存在起跳腿送髋不积极、放脚不果断、摆动动作不到位、摆动腿离地瞬间与起跳腿着地瞬间的两大腿夹角过小等技术问题。4.辽宁省优秀青少年女子运动员在起跳腿离地瞬间髋、膝、踝各关节蹬伸角度距理想值相差较多,从而对运动员质心腾起的高度造成了影响。5.辽宁省优秀青少年女子运动员在起跳阶段两大腿夹角较小,起跳腿蹬伸距离不足,表明运动员的踝关节力量、摆动腿幅度和速度有待加强。
[Abstract]:The women's high jump was an advantage in track and field in Liaoning province. Jin Ling set a record of 1.97 meters for Asian women's high jump, but after that, the result of women's high jump in our country declined day by day and failed to maintain the brilliant result.It is found that most of the literature is limited to the kinematics analysis of excellent high jumpers, and the reason for the stagnation and retrogression of the women's high jump events in China lies in the training of reserve forces.From the point of view of kinematics, this paper makes an initial diagnosis for the technical problems existing in the competition process of the outstanding young female athletes in Liaoning Province.Liaoning Provincial Junior track and Field Championships gathered the outstanding athletes of Liaoning Province track and field events, representing the best reserve force of Liaoning Province.This paper selects the top four female athletes in Liaoning Provincial Junior track and Field Championships in 2016 as the research objects.Methods: literature, test, comparative analysis, mathematical statistics and interview were used.This paper analyzes the kinematics parameters in the process of connecting run-up and take-off of excellent female high jumpers in Liaoning Province, analyzes its existing problems, makes technical diagnosis, puts forward reasonable suggestions, and then improves the technical movements and sports results.Provide reference data for future training.The innovation of this research lies in the collection of the movement technical indexes of the athletes in the field competition, and the analysis of the differences and problems existing in the excellent young female high jumpers in Liaoning Province, combined with the image observation.The key to improve the action technology is put forward.The study shows that 1: 1.The Ketole index of elite young female athletes in Liaoning Province is large, so we should pay more attention to the prediction of athletes' height, control the growth of body weight, and strengthen the general and special qualities of athletes.The horizontal speed and vertical velocity of the center of gravity of the juvenile female athletes in Liaoning Province have great difference in the moment of taking off legs from the ground. This is the embodiment of different sports level of athletes, and the improvement of speed is the key factor of their achievement.Liaoning Province outstanding adolescent female athletes generally have the following technical problems: the hip delivery is not active, the foot is not decisive, the swing action is not in place, the angle between the two thighs is too small between the swing leg and the take-off leg landing moment.Liaoning Province outstanding young women athletes in the take-off leg from the ground moment hip knee ankle joint extension angle from the ideal value is more difference thus the height of the athlete's center of mass raised caused by the impact of .5.The angle between the two thighs in the take-off stage of the excellent young female athletes in Liaoning Province is small, and the distance between the take-off legs and the pedal is insufficient, which indicates that the strength of the ankle joint, the amplitude and the speed of the swinging legs of the athletes need to be strengthened.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G823.1

【参考文献】