排球二传跳传球动作的运动学与表面肌电特征分析

发布时间：2018-04-16 17:33

本文选题：跳传球 + 运动学　；参考：《沈阳体育学院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在排球比赛中,二传在场上组织进攻方面扮演着重要的角色。因此,如何正确合理的运用跳传球技术,如何针对跳传球技术进行科学的训练成了排球比赛和日常训练中的关键问题。综合利用文献资料法、专家访谈法、数理统计法和实验测试法对六名男子排球二传跳传球动作进行了生物力学分析。通过对原地跳传球动作的运动学和表面肌电指标进行分析,探究男子排球二传运动员双脚原地跳传球动作的生物力学原理。研究结果表明:(1)在双脚原地跳传球动作的不同阶段,受试者通过身体不同关节的协调运动来完成动作。表现在运动学方面,在该动作的不同特征时刻,受试者调节了不同的身体姿态;而在不同动作阶段,受试者通过不同的关节角运动幅度来完成动作。(2)预蹲阶段时间与该阶段髋、膝关节的角运动幅度之间有显著性相关关系,蹬伸阶段时间与该阶段髋关节角运动幅度有显著性相关关系,起跳阶段时间与该阶段髋、膝关节的角运动幅度之间有显著性相关关系。(3)预蹲阶段身体重心高度变化与该阶段髋关节的角运动幅度之间有显著性相关关系;蹬伸阶段身体重心高度变化与该阶段髋、膝关节的运动幅度显著相关。预蹲阶段和蹬伸阶段身体重心高度的变化与踝关节的角运动幅度之间无关。(4)落地阶段通过积极地屈髋和屈膝来降低身体重心的高度,正确、合理的落地动作可以有效预防排球运动员下肢损伤。(5)在双脚原地跳传球动作的预蹲和蹬伸两个阶段,受试者主要通过激活下肢的股直肌和腓肠肌外侧头来完成动作,而上肢肌肉的激活水平相对较弱。
[Abstract]:In the volleyball match, the second pass plays an important role in organizing the attack on the court.Therefore, how to use the jumping passing technology correctly and reasonably, and how to scientifically train the jumping passing technology has become the key problem in volleyball match and daily training.The biomechanical analysis of six men's volleyball second pass passing was carried out by using the methods of literature, expert interview, mathematical statistics and experimental test.Based on the analysis of kinematics and surface electromyography index of in-situ jumping passing, the biomechanical principle of two-pass men's volleyball players is discussed in this paper.The results show that: 1) in the different stages of the movement of jumping in place, the subjects complete the movement through the coordinated movement of different joints of the body.In the aspect of kinematics, the subjects adjusted different body posture at different characteristic times of the movement, while in different motion stages, the subjects completed the action by different angle motion amplitude.There was a significant correlation between the angle motion amplitude of knee joint, the time of pedal and extension and the amplitude of angle motion of hip joint in this stage, and the time of take-off stage and the hip joint at this stage.There was a significant correlation between the angular motion amplitude of the knee joint and the angle motion amplitude of the hip joint during the squatting phase, and the height of the body gravity center in the pedal and extensional stage was significantly correlated with the hip joint during the period of presquatting, and there was a significant correlation between the height change of the body center of gravity and the angle motion amplitude of the hip.Knee motion amplitude was significantly correlated.There is no relationship between the height of the body gravity center and the angle motion amplitude of the ankle joint in the pre-squatting stage and the pedal extension stage.) in the landing stage, the height of the body gravity center is reduced by actively bending the hip and the knee to reduce the height of the body gravity center.Reasonable landing action can effectively prevent the injury of lower extremity of volleyball players. It can be used in the two stages of squat and pedal extension in the movement of jumping and passing in place on both feet. The subjects mainly accomplish the action by activating the rectus femoris and the lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle of the lower extremity.The activation level of upper limb muscles is relatively weak.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G842

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