2014年巴西世界杯中Tiki-Taka式打法的运用研究

发布时间：2018-04-18 12:24

本文选题：Tiki-Taka + 世界杯　；参考：《北京体育大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：Tiki-Taka式打法是近年来在国际赛场上,被许多优秀球队所运用的一种战术。其特有的战术优势以及为了对抗Tiki-Taka而发展的其他战术,为现代足球带来一次不小的变革。本届世界杯中,德国队正是使用了这种战术,夺得世界杯冠军;而最先创造并使用此战术的西班牙队却战绩不佳,没能晋级到决赛阶段。里皮在观看完德国队对阵巴西队的半决赛后说到:“德国队朝着冠军更近了一步,我喜欢德国队,这是新式的Tiki-Taka踢法,瓜迪奥拉和拜仁对于德国足球的影响是至关重要的”。德国队对Tiki-Taka式打法的成功运用值得我们去分析研究,两队在球员能力相差不大且使用同一种战术的情况下,比赛成绩却相差很大,背后原因同样值得认真思考。本文运用文献资料法、录像观察法、数理统计法、逻辑分析法、对比分析法等方法,对Tiki-Taka具体的战术打法以及战术的影响因素进行分析探讨,旨在把握战术的内在规律,为丰富足球战术体系以及指导教练员进行科学训练提供帮助。研究结论表明:1 Tiki-Taka式打法的发展过程主要包括早期发展阶段,快速发展时期,巅峰时期,危机时期和转型时期,不同时期打法体现出了不同特点。2 Tiki-Taka式打法是一种以大量的传控球和压迫式防守为主要特征的战术。传控球主要利用球员相互之间的插缝站位形成的三角形、菱形阵型进行传递,压迫式防守依靠整体分工进行逼抢、封堵和保护进行压迫。进失球都主要来自于中路阵地战,区域都在罚球区内。犯规次数较少且集中在中场。3 Tiki-Taka式打法对球员的要求为技能大于体能,要求较高的脚下技术,传统前锋的作用变小,边后卫要求攻守兼备,守门员参与到传控球中,出击范围变大。西班牙队跟德国队的进攻差异主要体现在,与西班牙队相比,德国队更多地进行向前传球且连续性高,更多的进行高速跑,进攻手段多,效率高。防守差异主要体现在,与西班牙队相比,德国队在由攻转守进行压迫时,更加注重防守队员相互之间的站位保护,当压迫失败时保护队员将起到延缓和保护的作用,为球队重新组织防守阵型赢得时间。4 Tiki-Taka式打法存在一些问题,比如:进攻质量与数量的矛盾、控球与进球及比赛胜负的关系、罚球区外的进攻不力和前锋作用的减弱等。打法发展方向为加快进攻节奏提高进攻效率,战略决策和战术决策相结合。
[Abstract]:Tiki-Taka play is a tactic used by many excellent teams in the international arena in recent years.Its unique tactical advantages, as well as other tactics developed to confront the Tiki-Taka, have brought about a great change in modern football.Germany used this tactic to win the World Cup title, but Spain, the first to create and use it, failed to make it to the final.Lippi said after watching Germany's semi-final against Brazil: "Germany are a step closer to the title, I like Germany, it's a new Tiki-Taka play, Guardiola and Bayern are crucial to German football."The successful use of the Tiki-Taka style in Germany is worth our analysis and research. When the players' ability is not different and the same tactics are used, the results of the two teams are quite different, and the reasons behind it are also worthy of serious consideration.Using the methods of literature, video observation, mathematical statistics, logic analysis, comparative analysis and so on, this paper analyzes and discusses the specific tactics of Tiki-Taka and the influencing factors of tactics, in order to grasp the inherent law of tactics.To enrich the football tactical system and guide coaches to provide scientific training to help.The research results show that the development process of the "1: 1 Tiki-Taka" method mainly includes the early stage of development, the period of rapid development, the period of peak, the period of crisis and the period of transition.Different play methods reflect different characteristics. 2. 2 Tiki-Taka play is a kind of tactics which is characterized by a large number of ball passing and pressing defense.The ball pass and control mainly use the triangle formed by the players' interlaced positions and the diamond formation for transmission. The oppressive defense relies on the overall division of labor to push and rob, block and protect to press.Goals and conceded goals are mainly from the middle of the ground, areas are in the penalty zone.The number of fouls is less and concentrated in the midfield 3.3-type play for the players more skills than physical, demanding higher foot technology, the role of traditional forwards become smaller, the full-back requires both attack and defense, the goalkeeper involved in the ball in the pass and control,The range of attacks has widened.The difference between Spain and Germany is mainly reflected in: compared with Spain, Germany has more forward passing and high continuity, more high-speed running, more attacking means and high efficiency.Defensive differences are mainly reflected in the fact that, compared with Spain, Germany pays more attention to the protection of defensive players when they are oppressed from attack to defense, and when oppression fails, the protection of players will play a delaying and protective role.There are some problems in winning time for the team to reorganize the defensive formation, such as the contradiction between attacking quality and quantity, the relationship between ball control and goal and the result of match, the weak attack outside the penalty area and the weakening of the vanguard's function, and so on.The direction of development is to speed up the rhythm of attack and improve the efficiency of attack, combining strategic and tactical decisions.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G843

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