武汉市4.0级男子网球选手大力发球的运动学诊断

发布时间：2018-04-18 17:24

本文选题：武汉市 + 网球大力发球　；参考：《武汉体育学院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：研究背景:网球是一项异于其他球类运动的隔网性小球项目运动,网球小且运动场地大。同时网球运动是一项对专项技能和身体协调性要求很高的隔网对抗性运动,当选手在激烈的比赛中,需要不断及时作出反应,调节步伐移动,并及时对来球采取最优的处理办法,对选手平时的训练和技术动作基础有着密不可分的关系。而一场网球比赛是从发球开始的,选手的发球质量直接影响着整场比赛的胜负。查阅文献发现,目前,我国对于网球业余选手的大力发球研究基本处于空白阶段,大多数大力发球的研究都偏向于网球职业选手,因此,本文从运动生物力学运动学角度对业余网球4.0级选手的大力发球展开研究,探究其动作特征就具有重要的研究价值。研究目的:通过本文的研究可以深入了解我国优秀业余网球选手大力发球的技术水平,并通过业余网球选手与我国优秀网球运动员柏衍、陈卅大力发球的相关运动学指标进行比较,找出业余选手发球时存在的不足,为提高我国优秀业余网球选手发球技术提供相关理论依据。研究方法:本文以武汉市中网级别联赛(武汉站)和全国总决赛(4.0和5.0水平)前三名获得者的7名男子网球业余选手完成的大力发球动作为研究对象,利用两个PULNIX摄像头采用定点、定焦、定距的方式进行同步(外同步)拍摄,频率为120帧/秒,采用美国ARIEL三维图像解析系统对选手的技术动作进行解析。将解析所得数据与国内优秀网球选手的运动学参数进行对比,结合专项理论对研究对象大力发球的相关动作特征进行诊断。研究结果:(1)抛球引拍阶段,武汉市4.0级男子网球选手与我国优秀运动员柏衍、陈卅相关运动学指标比较得出,抛球高度与击球高度都较高,髋关节挺伸速度较慢,膝关节蹬伸速度较小,肩、肘关节角度与理想的90°还存在较大差距。(2)搔背阶段,武汉市4.0级男子网球选手与我国优秀运动员柏衍、陈卅相关运动学指标比较得出,动作不够流畅,髋关节未主动转动,下肢动力链蹬伸速度较慢,膝关节角度较小,踝关节角度较大。(3)击球阶段,武汉市4.0级男子网球选手与我国优秀运动员柏衍、陈卅相关运动学指标比较得出,髋关节主动转动不够,速度不均,但上肢击球关节较为合理。研究结论:(1)抛球引拍阶段,武汉市4.0级男子网球选手左髋关节挺伸不足,肩关节与肘关节角度较大,膝关节主动下蹲幅度较小。(2)搔背阶段,武汉市4.0级男子网球选手髋关节并未提前转动,膝关节与踝关节蹬伸幅度不一,但其肩关节与肘关节提拉速度较为理想。(3)击球阶段,武汉市4.0级男子网球选手大力发球最后击球阶段,其髋关节转动速度极不均衡,踝关节、膝关节较理想。上肢各关节能获得整个发球动作较足够的速度。
[Abstract]:Background: tennis is a netting sport which is different from other ball games.At the same time, tennis is a confrontational sport with high requirements for special skills and physical coordination. When players are in fierce competition, they need to constantly and timely react to adjust their pace of movement.And timely to the ball to take the best treatment, the players usually training and technical action basis has a close relationship.A tennis match starts from serve, and the quality of the player's serve directly affects the result of the whole match.According to the literature, at present, the research on the vigorous serve of tennis amateurs in our country is basically in the blank stage, and most of the researches on the vigorous serve are in favor of the professional tennis players, so,In this paper, from the angle of sports biomechanics kinematics, the author studies the vigorous serve of amateur tennis player of grade 4.0, and it has important research value to probe into the movement characteristics of amateur tennis player.Research objective: through the research of this article, we can deeply understand the technical level of Chinese outstanding amateur tennis players serving vigorously, and through amateur tennis players and outstanding Chinese tennis players Bo Yan,By comparing the relative kinematics indexes of Chen's serve, this paper finds out the shortcomings of the amateur players' serving, and provides the relevant theoretical basis for improving the serving techniques of the outstanding amateur tennis players in China.Research methods: this paper focuses on seven men's tennis amateurs who are the top three winners of Wuhan Central Network League (Wuhan Station) and the National Finals (level 4.0 and 5.0).Two PULNIX cameras are used to synchronize (external synchronization) shooting with fixed focus and fixed distance, and the frequency is 120frame / sec. The ARIEL 3D image analysis system is used to analyze the technical action of the contestant.The analysis data are compared with the kinematics parameters of domestic elite tennis players, and combined with the special theory to diagnose the related action characteristics of the research object's vigorous serve.The result of the study was as follows: (1) in the stage of pounding, Wuhan City 4.0-grade men's tennis player was compared with the outstanding Chinese athletes Bo Yan and Chen Hsiao in terms of kinematics. The results showed that the throwing height and the hitting height were both higher, and the hip joint extension speed was slow.The knee joint extension speed is small, the angle of shoulder, elbow joint and ideal 90 掳still exist big disparity. (2) scratch back stage, Wuhan City 4.0 class male tennis player and our country outstanding athlete Bo Yan, Chen 30 correlation kinematics index comparison,The movement is not smooth enough, the hip joint does not turn actively, the lower extremity power chain pedal extension speed is slower, the knee joint angle is smaller, the ankle joint angle is bigger.) the batting stage, Wuhan City 4.0 class male tennis player and our country outstanding athlete Bo Yan,Compared with Chen's relative kinematics indexes, the hip joint is not enough active rotation and uneven speed, but the upper limb batting joint is reasonable.Conclusion: at the stage of throwing ball, the male tennis player of Grade 4.0 in Wuhan has insufficient extension of left hip joint, larger angle of shoulder and elbow, and smaller range of active squatting of knee joint. (2) scratching back stage, the angle of shoulder joint and elbow joint is larger, and the range of active squatting of knee joint is smaller than that of knee joint.Wuhan City 4.0 class men tennis player hip joint did not turn ahead of time, knee joint and ankle joint pedal extension range is not the same, but its shoulder joint and elbow joint lifting speed is more ideal.In the final batting stage of the male tennis player of Grade 4.0 in Wuhan, the rotation speed of the hip joint is very uneven, the ankle joint and the knee joint are ideal.Each joint of the upper extremity can get the whole serve to move more quickly.
【学位授予单位】：武汉体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G845

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