2016年里约奥运会中国男篮与对手攻防能力的TOPSIS分析

发布时间：2018-04-21 13:48

本文选题：里约奥运会 + 篮球　；参考：《东北师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在2016年刚刚结束的里约奥运会上,中国队在与同小组的美国队、澳大利亚队、法国队、委内瑞拉队和塞尔维亚队5支队伍的比赛中,以5战全负结束了里约奥运的篮球征程。在媒体惋惜、国人质疑、社会舆论层出不尽的压力下,唯有总结经验,寻找差距,重振旗鼓才可振兴竞技篮球的发展。基于此,本文以里约奥运会中国男篮与对手的技术统计数据为依据,对中国队与对手的攻防能力指标进行统计与分析,探讨中国队与对手攻防能力的差异的现状与原因,旨在为中国篮球竞技实力的提升提供数据支撑。本研究中拟采用文献资料法、专家访谈法、录像观察法、数理统计法、TOPSIS分析法、逻辑分析法等对2016年里约奥运会中国队与对手攻防能力指标进行统计与分析,并对中国队与对手的进攻、防守和攻防实力进行定量分析。研究认为:(1)在里约奥运会的篮球比赛中,中国队与对手在得分(场均得分、2分球得分、三分球得分)、进攻篮板、助攻方面与对手存在非常显著性的差异(p0.01),但在罚篮得分和失误方面与对手不存在显著性差异(p0.05)。美国队、澳大利亚队和法国队的进攻Ci值分别达到了0.5以上,属于进攻能力较强的队伍,而委内瑞拉、塞尔维亚和中国队的进攻Ci值都在0.5以下,进攻能力相对较为弱一些。(2)在防守指标方面,中国队与对手在失分和防守篮板方面存在非常显著性的差异(p0.01);但在抢断、盖帽和犯规方面与对手不存在显著性差异(p0.05)。美国队、澳大利亚队、法国队、委内瑞拉、塞尔维亚和中国队的防守Ci值都达到了0.5以上,均属于防守能力较强的队伍。(3)在攻防综合效果方面,美国队、澳大利亚队和法国队的攻防Ci值分别达到了0.92834、0.82103和0.57192,属于竞技实力较强的队伍,尤其是美国队和澳大利亚队的Ci值超过了0.8,在小组球队中当属于一流强队。而委内瑞拉、塞尔维亚和中国队的攻防Ci值分别为0.34921、0.32283和0.21728,Ci值均在0.5以下,攻防能力相对较弱。建议:在中国男篮的未来训练中,应加强对运动员2分球和3分球的投篮能力,具体策略为,在2分球训练过程中,应加强高强度对抗性干扰条件下的投篮能力,提高2分球的命中率。在3分球训练过程中,可通过内外策略、外围掩护、突破分球、外围球转移等方式,且在团队配合和基础配合的基础上进行强化练习。在比赛过程中,应加强对篮板球的拼抢能力,无论在进攻篮板还是防守篮板球的拼抢过程中,中国队存在“等”、“看”、“捡”的意识,应改变这种错误的意识,加强拼抢篮板球的意识,提高对篮板球反弹方向的预判,提前抢占拼抢篮板球的有利位置,实现团队配合拼抢篮板球的意识。加强体能训练,提升运动员的身体素质,增强比赛过程中运动员的身体对抗能力,尤其是在处于对手贴身紧逼和人盯人防守中,能够实现高强度防守压力下保证技术实施所需要的体能,具体训练策略可通过高强度、大负荷的专项身体体能训练来增强运动员的技术运用能力。重视青年运动员的培养,加强队伍的梯队建设,增加年轻运动员的大赛经验,避免由于新老交替而导致的年青运动员“怯场”现象的发生。
[Abstract]:At the Rio Olympic Games just ended in 2016, the Chinese team ended the Rio Olympic Games with the 5 teams of the United States, Australia, France, Venezuela and Serbia. In the media, the Chinese people questioned that, under the pressure of public opinion, only the experience was summed up. Based on the statistical data of the Chinese men's basketball team and their opponents, this paper, based on the technical statistics of the Chinese men's basketball and rivals in the Rio Olympic Games, makes a statistics and Analysis on the attack and defense capability indexes of the Chinese team and their opponents, and probes into the present situation and reasons for the difference between the attack and defense ability of the Chinese team and their opponents, and the aim is to compete for Chinese basketball. The improvement of technical strength provides data support. In this study, we should use the method of literature, expert interview, video observation, mathematical statistics, TOPSIS analysis, logic analysis and so on to make statistics and Analysis on the attack and defense capability indexes of the Chinese team and opponents in the Rio Olympic Games in 2016, and the attack, defense and attack and defense strength of the Chinese team and their opponents. The study holds that: (1) in the basketball games of the Rio Olympic Games, there is a significant difference between the Chinese team and the opponent in the score (field average score, 2 score score, three score score), offensive rebounds and assists (P0.01), but there is no significant difference from the opponent in the penalty basket score and error (P0.05). The United States team, The offensive Ci value of the Australian team and the French team reached 0.5 and above, which belonged to the strong offensive team, while Venezuela, Serbia and China were both under 0.5 and the offensive ability was relatively weak. (2) in defense indicators, the Chinese team and their opponents were very significant in losing points and defending rebounds. Differences (P0.01); but there is no significant difference from the opponents (P0.05). The defensive Ci of the United States, Australia, France, Venezuela, Serbia and China all reached more than 0.5. (3) the United States, Australia and the defense team. The French team's attack and defense Ci value reached 0.92834,0.82103 and 0.57192 respectively, belonging to a strong competitive team, especially the United States and Australia's Ci value exceeding 0.8, in the team team as the first class strong team. While Venezuela, Serbia and China's attack and defense Ci were 0.34921,0.32283 and 0.21728 respectively, Ci values were all 0.5 Below, the ability of attack and defense is relatively weak. It is suggested that in the future training of Chinese men's basketball, the shooting ability of 2 and 3 points should be strengthened. The specific strategy is that during the training of 2 points, the ability to shoot under the condition of high intensity and antagonism should be strengthened and the hit rate of 2 points should be improved. In the training process of 3 points, the internal and external strategies can be adopted. In the course of the game, we should strengthen the ability to snatching the rebounds. In the process of playing the offensive rebounds or the defensive rebounds, the Chinese team should change the consciousness of "wait", "see" and "pick". This kind of wrong consciousness, strengthening the consciousness of rebounding, improving the pre judgment of rebounding direction, preempting the favorable position of rebounding in advance, realizing the sense of teamwork and rebounding, strengthening physical training, improving the physical quality of the athletes, and enhancing the physical antagonism of the athletes during the competition, especially in the course of the competition. The opponent's close to body press and man to man defense can realize the physical ability to ensure the technical implementation under the high strength defense pressure. The specific training strategy can enhance the skill use ability of the athletes through high intensity and heavy load special physical fitness training. The athletes' experience of competition can avoid the "fright" phenomenon of young athletes due to the alternation of new and old.

【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G841

【参考文献】