有氧运动对肥胖大学生部分心血管疾病危险因素的影响

发布时间：2018-04-22 00:08

本文选题：有氧运动 + 肥胖　；参考：《华东交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：研究目的:本研究通过对肥胖大学生和正常大学生进行14周中等强度的有氧运动干预,分析运动干预前后受试者的身体形态指标(体重、BMI、体脂率、腰围、臀围、腰臀比、腰围身高比)、血糖(FBG)、血脂(TG、TC、HDL-C、LDL-C)、胰岛素及血清Hcy、LP(a)各指标情况的变化,旨在探讨有氧运动对血清Hcy、LP(a)及身体形态、糖脂代谢等部分心血管疾病危险因素相关指标的影响,为心血管疾病危险因素的早期干预效果提供实证研究证据。同时重点分析Hcy、Lp(a)两指标在有氧运动干预后对预防和改善肥胖大学生心血管疾病患病风险有无重要意义。研究方法:根据中国肥胖问题工作组(WGOC)于2006年发布的《中国成人超重和肥胖症预防与控制指南》的肥胖标准,通过华东交通大学新生入学大学生的体质测试筛选出BMI"g28的学生若干人。在排除继发性肥胖后,根据自愿原则征集到27人参加体质健康促进班(男生19人,女生8人)确定为实验组,另外面向全体新生征集18"fBMI"f24的学生13人(男生6人,女生7人)作为正常对照组混合加入体质健康促进班。对实验组和对照组进行为期14周,每周5次、每次1小时的中等强度有氧运动进行锻炼。运动干预前后在同等条件下对受试者的身体形态指标(体重、BMI、体脂率、腰围、臀围、腰臀比、腰围身高比)、血糖(FBG)、血脂(TG、TC、HDL-C、LDL-C)、胰岛素及血清Hcy、LP(a)各指标的测试。运用SPSS18.0统计学软件进行数理统计分析。研究结果:(1)14周有氧运动锻炼后,实验组大学生的体重、BMI、体脂率、腰围、臀围均非常显著下降(P㩳0.01);身体机能指标中平均收缩压非常显著下降(P㩳0.01),肺活量指数、F.C心功能能力非常显著增高(P㩳0.01);糖脂代谢和胰岛素指标:FBG、TC、LDL-C、FINS、HOMA-IR均非常显著下降(P㩳0.01),HDL-C水平显著升高(P㩳0.01)。对照组大学生的体脂率、腰围、臀围均显著下降(P㩳0.05);身体机能指标中肺活量指数、F.C心功能能力有非常显著增高(P㩳0.01);糖脂代谢和胰岛素指标,FBG、TC、LDL-C非常显著性下降(P㩳0.01),HDL-C水平显著升高,FINS、HOMA-IR水平有一定程度下降,但不具有统计学意义。(2)14周有氧运动干预后实验组和对照的血清Hcy、LP(a)水平均非常显著下降(P㩳0.01),运动干预前实验组与对照组比较Hcy、LP(a)水平无显著性差异,运动干预后实验组与对照组比较Hcy水平无显著性差异,而两组间LP(a)水平具有显著性差异。结论:(1)14周有氧运动能有效降低肥胖和正常大学生的BMI、体脂率、腰围、臀围水平,改善身体形态。(2)14周有氧运动可有效控制肥胖大学生的血压,改善身体机能的水平,提高心肺耐力水平。(3)14周有氧运动能使血糖FBG、血脂TC、LDL-C及胰岛素抵抗指数显著下降,HDL-C水平显著升高,能改善正常大学生血脂状态,促进了肥胖大学生的糖脂代谢朝有益于健康的方向发展。(4)14周有氧运动能降低肥胖大学生和正常大学生血清Hcy、Lp(a)水平,并能有效降低肥胖大学生患心血管病的风险。
[Abstract]:Objective: to analyze the body shape index (body weight, BMI, body fat rate, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist to hip ratio, waist height ratio), blood glucose (FBG), blood lipid (TG, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C), insulin and serum Hcy, LP (a) in the subjects before and after exercise intervention by the intervention of moderate aerobic exercise for 14 weeks. The changes in the standard conditions were designed to explore the effects of aerobic exercise on the risk factors related to cardiovascular diseases, such as serum Hcy, LP (a), body morphology and glycolipid metabolism, and to provide empirical evidence for the early intervention effect of cardiovascular risk factors. Meanwhile, the emphasis was on the prevention and modification of Hcy, Lp (a) two index after aerobic exercise intervention. The risk of cardiovascular disease in obese college students has no significance. Research methods: according to the obesity standard of China's obesity problem working group (WGOC) published in 2006, the guidelines for prevention and control of obesity and obesity in China, a number of students of BMI "G28" were screened through the physical test of freshmen in East China Jiaotong University. After eliminating secondary obesity, 27 people were recruited according to the voluntary principle to participate in the physical health promotion class (19 boys and 8 girls) as the experimental group. In addition, 13 students (6 boys and 7 girls) who were recruited by all the freshmen (6 boys and 7 girls) were mixed with the normal control group and joined the physical health promotion class. The experiment group and the control group were carried out for the experimental group and the control group. 14 weeks, 5 times a week, 1 hours of moderate intensity aerobic exercise. The body shape index (body weight, BMI, body fat rate, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist to hip ratio, waist height ratio), blood glucose (FBG), blood lipid (TG, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C), insulin and serum Hcy, LP (a) were tested under the same condition before and after exercise intervention. Statistical analysis of 0 statistics software. The results were as follows: (1) after 14 weeks of aerobic exercise, the body weight, BMI, body fat rate, waist circumference and hip circumference of the experimental group were significantly decreased (P? 0.01); the average systolic blood pressure in the body function index was significantly decreased (P? 0.01), the vital capacity index and the function of F.C were significantly increased (P? 0.01); glycolipid Metabolic and insulin indicators: FBG, TC, LDL-C, FINS, HOMA-IR were significantly decreased (P? 0.01), HDL-C level was significantly increased (P? 0.01). The body fat rate, waist circumference and hip circumference of the control group were significantly decreased (P? 0.05); the vital capacity index in the body function index, F.C heart function ability was significantly increased (P? 0.01); glycolipid metabolism and insulin index, FBG TC, LDL-C significantly decreased (P? 0.01), HDL-C level significantly increased, FINS, HOMA-IR level decreased to a certain extent, but did not have statistical significance. (2) after 14 weeks of aerobic exercise intervention, the serum Hcy, LP (a) levels of both the experimental group and the control group were significantly decreased (P? 0.01). Before the exercise intervention, the experimental group was not significantly higher than the control group, and there was no significant level of LP. There was no significant difference in the level of Hcy between the experimental group and the control group after the exercise intervention, while the LP (a) level between the two groups had significant differences. Conclusion: (1) 14 weeks of aerobic exercise can effectively reduce the BMI, body fat rate, waist circumference, hip circumference and body shape of normal college students. (2) 14 weeks of aerobic exercise can effectively control Obese College Students Blood pressure, improve the level of physical function, improve the level of cardiopulmonary endurance. (3) 14 weeks of aerobic exercise can reduce blood sugar FBG, blood lipid TC, LDL-C and insulin resistance index significantly decreased, HDL-C level significantly increased, can improve normal college students blood lipid status, and promote the obesity of Obese College students to health benefits in the direction of development. (4) 14 Zhou Youyang Exercise can reduce the serum Hcy, Lp (a) levels of Obese College Students and normal college students, and can effectively reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease among obese college students.

【学位授予单位】：华东交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G804.2

【参考文献】