对我国优秀女子马拉松运动员专项训练供能特点的研究

发布时间：2018-04-22 10:09

本文选题：马拉松 + 女子马拉松运动员　；参考：《吉林体育学院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的:为了探究我国优秀女子马拉松运动员专项训练的供能特点,旨在找出其在训练中的共通规律,以对我国马拉松项目提供指导借鉴。方法:本文选取国家女子马拉松队的6名运动员作为研究对象,通过对大赛前的完整训练周期进行跟踪研究,对运动员机体在运动中表现出的各种现象进行深入分析,运用生理生化监控对马拉松训练提供指导,对马拉松的科学化训练进行梳理和总结,为今后我国马拉松项目的发展提供一些理论参考。本文采用文献资料法、专家访谈法、调查法、数理统计法、比较分析法,对我国女子马拉松运动员专项训练供能特点进行了分析与研究。结果:在整个训练周期中,平原训练阶段、高原训练阶段和赛前训练阶段在训练负荷强度上呈递增趋势,在训练负荷量上呈递减趋势。在马拉松专项训练中,脂肪供能的训练占到了总训练负荷量的70-90%,糖脂协调供能的训练占到了总训练负荷量的20-30%,无氧阈的训练占到了总训练负荷量的5-10%,糖酵解供能的训练占到了总训练负荷量的5-10%。运动员的生理生化指标能够反映运动员的机体水平和训练情况,教练员结合各项指标来进行训练安排,运动员的训练效果更为理想,运动水平提高。结论:马拉松项目的研究已不在少数,但是大多数都是对个别运动员的训练进行研究分析,没有普遍性,本论文通过对多名高水平马拉松运动员专项训练进行研究,而且每个运动员所属教练不同,训练方法有差异,在备战世锦赛和奥运会期间,多名运动员跑出个人最好成绩,研究其训练规律、负荷安排、指标变化等是有较好的应用价值的,因此,所总结出来的针对女子马拉松专项训练的供能特点、生理生化指标的监控与应用是具有指导意义的,为我国马拉松项目以后的发展提供参考。
[Abstract]:Objective: to explore the characteristics of energy supply for elite female marathon runners in China, to find out the common rules in training, and to provide guidance and reference for marathon events in China. Methods: six athletes of the National Women's Marathon team were selected as the research objects. Using physiological and biochemical monitoring to provide guidance for marathon training, sorting out and summarizing the scientific training of marathons, and providing some theoretical references for the development of marathon events in China in the future. In this paper, the characteristics of special training and energy supply for Chinese women marathon runners are analyzed and studied by the methods of literature, expert interview, investigation, mathematical statistics and comparative analysis. Results: in the whole training cycle, the intensity of training load increased in plain training stage, plateau training stage and pre-competition training stage, and decreased in training load quantity. In marathon training, Fat training accounted for 70-90% of the total training load, sugar and lipid coordinated training accounted for 20-30% of the total training load, anaerobic threshold training accounted for 5-10% of the total training load, and glycolytic energy supply training accounted for 5-10% of the total training load. The physiological and biochemical indexes of the athletes can reflect the level of the athletes' body and the training situation. The coaches combine the various indexes to arrange the training, the training effect of the athletes is more ideal, and the sports level is improved. Conclusion: there are not a few studies on marathon events, but most of them are about the training of individual athletes, but there is no universality. This paper studies the special training of many high level marathon runners. Moreover, each athlete has different coaches and different training methods. During the preparation for the World Championships and the Olympic Games, many athletes run out of their personal best results and study their training rules and load arrangements. Therefore, it is of guiding significance to summarize the characteristics of energy supply and the monitoring and application of physiological and biochemical indexes for the special training of women's marathon. To provide reference for the future development of the marathon project in China.
【学位授予单位】：吉林体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G822.8

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