历史制度主义视域下英格兰顶级职业足球联盟收入分配制度研究

发布时间：2018-04-23 07:25

本文选题：收入分配制度 + 英超　；参考：《北京体育大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：职业体育对现代体育发展具有重要作用。而职业体育联盟被视作职业体育中最有效、根本的制度安排,其核心就是俱乐部与联盟间的委托代理关系使得这两者成为利益共同体。而联盟内两者共同的利益关系便是通过收入分配制度来协调的。本文以历史制度主义为视角,研究英格兰职业足球顶级联赛收入分配制度产生、演变的过程和机理。英格兰顶级职业足球联赛收入分配制度的演变主要经历了注重门票收入分配绝对公平的初创时期,联赛大俱乐部利益博弈时期和英超时期。在整个历史演变过程中,制度的确立是在资源分配不均的基础上产生的。正是因为资源分配的不均,才需要利益主体的妥协,并以制度的形式加以固化。受到制度内外因素的影响,利益主体和利益关系不断变化。由于环境的变化,制度自身就会不断自我强化,以维持现有的利益关系。而这个自身强化的过程就是制度历史变迁的过程。本文据此分析收入分配制度演变的内在动机和外部条件,以及收入分配制度协调俱乐部、联盟间利益关系的方式手段。在三个不同的时期,英格兰顶级职业足球联赛收入分配制度体现出了不同的制度演化特点。在职业联赛创立初一直到二十世纪六十年代,可分配的收入主要是门票收入,基于竞争平衡原则,联赛始终坚持相对平均的分配方式,即主客场球队平分每场门票收入。二十世纪六十年代到八十年代末,英格兰社会变革剧烈,可分配的收入增加,包括电视转播收入、联赛赞助商等,同时球队的经营成本上涨在大俱乐部中体现的更为明显,这就促成大俱乐部推动收入分配制度变革。几经博弈和演变后,最终英超的独立并且新的收入分配制度形成。尽管英超是由大俱乐部挤占低级别职业俱乐部利益而产生的,但在英超联盟内部,收入分配制度又更加注重竞争平衡原则,一个体育联盟利益团体内,始终需要保持各俱乐部的竞争平衡以维持各俱乐部的共同利益。受外部环境和制度内路径依赖因素的影响,制度的历史演进呈现出渐进性、偶然性和循环性的特点。本文希望为中国职业足球及其收入分配制度存在的问题探寻制度性、历史性、社会性原因,同时丰富对职业体育联盟内部运行机制的研究。
[Abstract]:Professional sports play an important role in the development of modern sports. Professional sports league is regarded as the most effective and fundamental institutional arrangement in professional sports, the core of which is the principal-agent relationship between clubs and leagues, which makes the two become the community of interests. The common interests of the two in the alliance are coordinated through the income distribution system. From the perspective of historical institutionalism, this paper studies the process and mechanism of income distribution system of English professional football top league. The evolution of the income distribution system of the top professional football league in England has mainly experienced the initial period of paying attention to the absolutely fair distribution of ticket income, the period of the interest game of the big league club and the period of the Premier League. In the whole historical evolution process, the establishment of the system is based on the uneven distribution of resources. It is because of the uneven distribution of resources that we need the compromise of the main body of interest and solidify it in the form of system. Affected by the internal and external factors of the system, the main body of interest and the relationship of interest are constantly changing. Because of the change of environment, the system itself will constantly strengthen itself to maintain the existing interest relationship. The process of strengthening itself is the process of historical change of institution. This paper analyzes the internal motivation and external conditions of the evolution of the income distribution system and the ways and means of coordinating the interest relations between clubs and federations. In three different periods, the income distribution system of England's top professional football league shows different characteristics of institutional evolution. In the first year of the professional league until the 1960s, the distributable income was mainly the ticket income. Based on the principle of competition balance, the league always adhered to a relatively equal distribution, that is, the home and away teams equally divided each ticket income. From the 1960s to the end of the 1980s, the social transformation in England was dramatic, and distributable income increased, including television revenues, league sponsors and so on, and the increase in the cost of running the team was even more evident in the big clubs. This causes the big club to promote the income distribution system reform. After several games and evolution, finally the Premier League independent and a new income distribution system. Although the Premier League is the result of large clubs crowding out the interests of lower-level professional clubs, within the Premier League, the income distribution system is also more focused on the principle of competitive balance, within a sports league interest group, There is always a need to maintain the balance of competition among the clubs in order to maintain the common interests of the clubs. Under the influence of external environment and internal path dependence factors, the historical evolution of institution presents the characteristics of gradual, contingency and circularity. This paper hopes to explore the institutional, historical and social reasons for the problems existing in China's professional football and its income distribution system, and at the same time enrich the research on the internal operating mechanism of the professional sports league.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G843

【相似文献】