腰伸肌疲劳对人体运动的影响及生理机制分析

发布时间：2018-04-23 06:44

本文选题：腰伸肌疲劳 + 腰椎关节本体感觉　；参考：《体育科学》2017年07期

【摘要】：腰伸肌疲劳是影响人体运动的重要因素,以"Lumbar Extensor Fatigue/Lumbar Muscles Fatigue(腰伸肌疲劳/腰部肌肉疲劳)"为主题词在Pub Med及Web of Science数据库中进行文献检索并对文献进行筛选。目的是分析腰伸肌疲劳后人体运动动作产生的生物力学特征变化及生理学原因。结果:腰伸肌疲劳对人体运动有4个方面的影响,降低腰椎关节的本体感觉能力,影响人体运动中脊柱的动态稳定性,改变腰椎-骨盆运动节律,使人体平衡策略发生改变;造成人体动作结构改变的生理原因是腰伸肌疲劳引起了神经调节过程的改变,导致多个关节本体感觉能力下降以及关节周围肌肉募集策略改变;这些机能及结构改变使人体完成指定动作的效率下降并使运动损伤的风险提高;目前对抗腰伸肌疲劳手段的研究较为薄弱,难以系统地为预防和缓解腰伸肌疲劳的训练提供理论支持。
[Abstract]:Extensor psoas fatigue is an important factor affecting human body movement. "Lumbar Extensor Fatigue/Lumbar Muscles fatigue of waist muscle" is used as the theme word in Pub Med and Web of Science database for literature retrieval and screening. The aim of this study was to analyze the biomechanical changes and physiological reasons of human movement after extensor psoas fatigue. Results: the fatigue of extensor psoas had four effects on human body movement, which reduced the proprioceptive ability of lumbar joint, affected the dynamic stability of spine, changed the movement rhythm of lumbar vertebrae and pelvis, and changed the balance strategy of human body. The physiological reason of the change of human body's action structure is that the fatigue of extensor muscle causes the change of neural regulation process, which results in the decrease of proprioceptive ability of multiple joints and the change of muscle recruitment strategy around the joint. These changes in function and structure reduce the efficiency of the human body in completing specified actions and increase the risk of sports injury; at present, research on the means to combat extensor psoas fatigue is relatively weak. It is difficult to provide theoretical support for the training of preventing and relieving extensor psoas fatigue.
【作者单位】：上海体育学院体育教育训练学院;国家体育总局运动技战术诊断与分析实验室;
【基金】：上海体育学院研究生创新计划(yjscx2016008)
【分类号】：G804.2

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