乒乓球弧线要素研究与创新技术探索

发布时间：2018-04-26 13:09

本文选题：乒乓球 + 弧线　；参考：《北京体育大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：竞技要素的研究是乒乓球项目本质规律研究的重要内容,其形成与发展过程一直指引着中国乒乓球的发展,相关工作者不断对其进行继承和发展,并完成实践总结和理论提升,形成了较多的专著研究和总结报告。弧线作为乒乓球项目竞技要素的重要组成部分,其研究为本质规律探索提供了重要的资料,具有重要理论价值和实践指导意义。本文采用文献资料法、实验法、数理统计法等研究方法,对乒乓球竞技要素的形成与发展进行综述研究,并对弧线的侧视视角和俯视视角的变化进行对比分析,针对弧线的横向空间变化进行技术发展趋势下的反手撇撕技术研究,并从解剖学和生物力学角度进行该技术的理论分析。最终得出以下主要结论:1、速度、力量、旋转、落点、弧线五大竞技要素既相互独立,又相互联系,前四大要素均在特定的历史背景下发挥着制胜作用,各要素研究呈现出质化研究到量化研究,单一要素研究到复合要素研究,单一学科到交叉学科研究的发展趋势。弧线要素的战术价值和制胜作用研究较少,有待进一步拓展。2、侧视视角上旋球的第一弧线显著高于第二弧线,旋转程度越强,两者最高点高度差越大。弧线的下坠是上旋球弧线的重要特征,而非常规的“掉”、“蹦”和“窜”、“慢”现象是两对对立的现象,主要影响因素是旋转速度、球台摩擦系数和平动速度、转动速度大小等。实践中,四种非常规弧线具有极佳的实践利用价值。3、俯视视角的弧线横向偏转程度与乒乓球侧向旋转程度呈正相关关系。旋转速度相近的情况下,横向偏转距离侧旋侧上旋上旋;主动制造带有侧向偏转的回球能够充分调动对手,增大对手的移动距离,进而提高回球的威胁性。弧线的横向偏转具有较高的战术价值,也是技术创新的重要原理。4、反手撇撕技术是技术发展趋势引导下的新技术,通过腰腹内收扩大引拍空间,并通过下肢的蹬转,腰腹部的右旋,以及肩、肘关节的外展和下沉等完成相对稳定的链式发力,符合解剖学和生物力学原理;实践中强调横向空间位置的利用,注重反手位到正手位的调动,训练中注重技术的递进掌握和反手位的覆盖。
[Abstract]:The research of competitive elements is an important content of the research on the essential law of table tennis, its formation and development process has been guiding the development of Chinese table tennis, related workers continue to inherit and develop it, and complete the summary of practice and theoretical promotion. Formed more monographs research and summary report. As an important part of the competitive elements of table tennis, the research of arc provides important information for the exploration of essential laws, and has important theoretical value and practical guiding significance. In this paper, the formation and development of the competitive elements of table tennis are summarized and studied by the methods of literature, experiment and mathematical statistics, and the changes of the side-view angle and the overlooking angle of view of the arc are compared and analyzed. The technology of backhand skimming is studied under the trend of technological development in view of the lateral spatial variation of arc, and the theoretical analysis of this technique is carried out from the angle of anatomy and biomechanics. Finally, the following main conclusions are drawn: 1, speed, strength, rotation, landing point, arc, five competitive elements are independent and interrelated, the first four elements play a role in winning in a specific historical background. The development trend of each element research is from qualitative research to quantitative study, from single element study to composite element study and from single subject to cross-disciplinary research. The tactical value and the winning effect of arc elements are few, and need to be further developed. The first arc of the spin ball is significantly higher than the second arc in the lateral viewing angle. The stronger the degree of rotation, the greater the difference between the highest point and the height of the two. The fall of the arc is an important feature of the arc of the upper spin ball, rather than the conventional phenomena of "drop", "jump" and "slow", which are two pairs of opposite phenomena. The main influencing factors are the rotation speed, the friction coefficient of the ball table and the moving speed of the ball table. The speed of rotation, etc. In practice, four kinds of unconventional arcs have the best practical application value. The horizontal deflection degree of the arc from the view angle is positively correlated with the lateral rotation degree of table tennis. When the speed of rotation is similar, the lateral deflection distance can be rotated, and the active manufacture of the return ball with lateral deflection can fully mobilize the opponent, increase the moving distance of the opponent, and then improve the threat of the return ball. The lateral deflection of arc has high tactical value and is also an important principle of technological innovation. Backhand skimming is a new technique guided by the trend of technological development. The right rotation of the waist and abdomen, as well as the abduction and sinking of the shoulders and elbows, are relatively stable chain forces, which conform to the principles of anatomy and biomechanics. In practice, the use of lateral space positions is emphasized, and the movement from the backhand position to the forehand position is emphasized. In training pay attention to the progressive mastery of technology and backhand coverage.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G846

【相似文献】