国家划艇运动员里约奥运会备战期间生理生化指标监测的初步研究

发布时间：2018-05-03 13:04

本文选题：划艇 + 生化指标　；参考：《西安体育学院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的:伴随着2016年里约奥运会的紧张到来。为了能使运动员以最好的精神状态发挥出最优秀的比赛成绩,除了依靠运动员自身通过长期的训练、比赛所积累的技战术之外,运用生理生化指标对运动员的身体机能进行检测与评定,显得尤为重要。对运动员进行的身体机能状态评定,是对运动员训练负荷以及掌握其身体机能状态、训练科学性等的重要的检验方法。本研究以参加2016年里约奥运会的男子划艇长组运动员为研究对象,探讨划艇训练的特点及运用生理生化指标对训练进行监控的研究,希望找到有效的生理生化指标及其变化规律,为划艇的科学训练进一步完善提供参考。方法:本文以国家划艇4名运动员为本次论文研究对象,采用跟踪研究,观察并记录训练情况及测试各个指标得到结果后加以分析并及时反馈给教练员,让教练员及时地了解运动员的身体机能状况,运用文献法、专家访谈法、实验观察法等,通过对国家划艇运动员备战里约奥运会比赛期间训练过程中的机能评定,研究探讨部分生化指标的有效性,可行性、指标及训练之间的相关性、指标和指标之间的相关性,为划艇的训练和监控提供一定的参考依据。整个监测有三个阶段,分别为世锦赛备战期间、亚锦赛备战期间以及冬训期间。以红细胞、白细胞、血红蛋白、尿素氮、血清肌酸激酶五个指标对集训期的运动员机能状况进行了系统监测,并通过统计学方法独立样本检验探讨不同时期指标的差异,通过分析研究指标与指标的相关性。结果:本次跟踪监测研究结果显示,在三个备战训练期间,血清肌酸酶波动程度随着运动负荷的增大而增大,提示运动员适应大强度训练能力加强;血尿素均呈现先上升后下降的趋势,与运动量变化趋势保持一致;血红蛋白、红细胞、白细胞尚未出现显著性差异。同时,备战期间对运动员的生理生化指标进行完整的跟踪监控,真正做到了为教练员制定运动员状态的“晴雨表”,为促进运动员的能力的提高与疲劳后的恢复、为国家划艇队较好的完成训练计划和训练目标奠定了基础。研究发现单纯的对运动队整体分析是不够的,建立运动员个体分析体系十分必要;通过建立个人指标库,使今后开展运动员技能评定有据可依。结论:四名运动员生化指标的特征表现为:(1)四名国家队划艇运动员在备战期间红细胞和血红蛋白均值一直保持在一个较高的水平,其中王龙*的血红蛋白含量高达174.5g/L。(2)白细胞在各个时期都不具有显著性差异(P0.05),基本都在正常值范围内波动,免疫能力在整个备战阶段没有过大异常变动。(3)王龙*、陈**和郑**三名运动员尿素氮在各个时期波动不大,都处于正常范围之内;王龙*在训练前期尿素氮均值超过了正常值为7.51mmol/L,原因由于之前两个多月训练量的累积使其有了一定的身体疲劳积累,属正常。(4)四名划艇运动员在整个备战期间CK基本水平值在正常值范围内波动,仅有王日*出现一过性高值提示力量训练对此刺激明显,CK值平稳变化可以看出力量相对较小,没有对肌肉造成明显刺激。
[Abstract]:Objective: with the arrival of the Rio Olympic Games in 2016, in order to enable the athletes to play the best results in the best mental state, in addition to the athletes themselves through long-term training and the skills and tactics accumulated in the competition, the physical and biochemical indexes are used to test and evaluate the physical function of the mobilization. The assessment of the physical function state of the athletes is an important test method for the training load of the athletes, the state of their physical function and the scientific training. In this study, the athletes of the men rowing group who participated in the 2016 Rio Olympic Games were taken as the research object to explore the characteristics of the canoeing training and the use of physiological and biochemical fingers. We hope to find effective physiological and biochemical indexes and their changing rules, and provide reference for the further improvement of the canoeing training. In this paper, 4 national rowing athletes were used as the research object of this paper. Following the following research, the training situation was observed and recorded and the results were added. Through the analysis and timely feedback to the coach, let the coach understand the physical function of the athletes in a timely manner, using the literature method, expert interview method, experimental observation method and so on. Through the evaluation of the function of the national rowing athletes during the training process during the Rio Olympic Games, the effectiveness, feasibility and indicators of some of the biochemical indexes are studied and discussed. The correlation between training and training, the correlation between indicators and indicators, provides a reference for the training and monitoring of rowing. There are three stages in the whole monitoring period: during the preparation of the world championships, during the preparation of the Asian Championships and during the winter training period, five indexes of red blood cells, white blood cells, hemoglobin, urea nitrogen and serum creatine kinase are set. The functional status of the athletes in the training period was systematically monitored, and the difference between the indexes in different periods was examined by the independent sample test of statistics. The correlation between the indexes and the indexes was analyzed. The results of the study showed that the degree of serum creatine enzyme fluctuation was increased with the increase of exercise load during the three training periods. Large and larger, suggesting that the athletes should adapt to the strength of high intensity training; the blood urea showed a trend of first rising and then declining, and the trend of the change in movement. Hemoglobin, red blood cells and white blood cells have not had significant differences. At the same time, the physiological and biochemical indexes of the athletes were completely tracked and monitored during the preparation period. It has laid the foundation for the improvement of the athletes' ability and the recovery after fatigue. It has laid the foundation for the national rowing team to complete the training plan and training goal. It is found that the analysis of the sports team is not enough. It is necessary to establish the individual analysis system of the athletes; The individual index library was established to make the evaluation of athletes' skills in the future. Conclusion: the characteristics of the biochemical indexes of four athletes were as follows: (1) the mean of red blood cells and hemoglobin in four national rowing athletes remained at a high level during the period of preparation, and the hemoglobin content of Wang long * was as high as 174.5g/L. (2). There was no significant difference (P0.05) in each period, basically in the range of normal value, and the immune ability had not changed greatly during the whole preparation period. (3) Wang long *, Chen * * and Zheng * * three athletes were in a normal range, and the urea nitrogen in the early period of training exceeded the normal range. The normal value is 7.51mmol/L, because the cumulative amount of training for more than two months has made it have a certain physical fatigue accumulation, which is normal. (4) four rowing athletes fluctuate within the range of normal value during the whole period of preparation for the whole period of war. Only Wang sun * has an excessive high value training for this stimulation, and the CK value is changed smoothly. It can be seen that the force is relatively small and does not cause obvious stimulation to muscles.

【学位授予单位】：西安体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G861.4

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