羽毛球专项大学生对网前回球落点判断过程中眼动特征的分析

发布时间：2018-05-04 01:15

本文选题：羽毛球 + 眼动特征　；参考：《成都体育学院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：羽毛球运动是一项比赛节奏快、技战术多变、攻防转换快的运动项目,需要运动员在比较短的时间内做出快速击球动作反应,其速度、路线、落点,以及动作技术一致性等多种因素影响。预判能力在羽毛球项目中是十分重要的,要想提高羽毛球的技战术,加深对羽毛球运动认知能力,就必须加强在短时间内对注视合理位置和技术动作,从而提高预判能力。本研究采用“专家—新手”范式研究,以实验法向被试大学生对网前回球落点判断过程中眼动特征进行分析,比较两组被试之间的注视点数量、注视时间、平均眼跳、瞳孔直径、注视频率、落点的正确率和反应时、直线球与斜线球正确率和反应时等方面的各项眼动特征指标,研究分析两组被试水平之间的差异。经过实验研究得到以下结果:(1)专家组被试与新手组被试在注视点数量具有非常明显的差距,说明专家组被试获取动作信息的能力高于新手组被试。从总注视时间长来,专家组被试将有限时间更加关注对可能出现球的落点和线路关键信息部位进行重点观察。(2)专家组被试平均眼跳距离大于新手组被试。在A、B两段视频中对目标关键信息选择和视觉搜索的信息量与视野的宽阔性有着直接关系,从而影响专家组被试分析准确性导致专家组被试判断正确性。(3)专家组被试瞳孔直径变化大于新手组被试,说明专家组被试在对A、B两段视频中运动员重点部位进行信息的搜索和提取信息效率明显高于新手组被试。(4)新手组被试注视频率大于专家组被试,说明专家组被试对A、B两段视频中的无关信息和有关信息进行分类筛选处理,加强注意力对有关信息搜索,从而降低注视频率。(5)在落点的正确率和反应时上,专家组被试为了提高判断正确率,即以延长反应时保证正确率提高为前提。专家组被试对球的正确率和反应时在A、B两段视频中都大于新手组被试。(6)在直线球与斜线球正确率和反应时判断上,专家组被试正确率和反应时都高于新手组被试正确率和反应时;直线球判断的正确率和反应时都高于斜线球正确率和反应时。
[Abstract]:Badminton is a sport with fast rhythm, changeable techniques and tactics, and fast change of attack and defense. It requires athletes to make quick batting action reaction in a relatively short period of time, its speed, route, and landing point. And action technical consistency and other factors. The ability to predict is very important in badminton projects. In order to improve the techniques and tactics of badminton and deepen the cognitive ability of badminton, we must strengthen the attention to the reasonable position and technical action in a short period of time, so as to improve the ability of prediction. In this study, the "expert-novice" paradigm was used to analyze the eye movement characteristics of the college students in the process of determining the landing point of the ball in front of the net by the experimental method, and to compare the number of fixation points, the fixation time, and the average eye jump between the two groups. The eye movement characteristics of pupil diameter, fixation frequency, accuracy rate of landing point and reaction time, accuracy rate and reaction time of straight ball and diagonal ball were studied and analyzed in order to analyze the difference between the two groups in the level of eye movement. The following results are obtained: 1) there is a significant difference in the number of fixation points between the expert group and the novice group, which indicates that the ability of the expert group to obtain action information is higher than that of the novice group. Since the total fixation time is long, the expert group will pay more attention to the falling point and the key information position of the possible ball in the limited time. (2) the average distance of eye jerk of the expert group is larger than that of the novice group. The selection of key information for the target and the amount of information in visual search are directly related to the breadth of visual field in the two segments of the video. Thus affecting the accuracy of the expert group analysis results in the correctness of the expert group. 3) the pupil diameter change of the expert group is larger than that of the novice group, and the change of pupil diameter is larger than that of the novice group. The results showed that the efficiency of searching and extracting the information on the key part of the athletes in the two video segments of the expert group was significantly higher than that in the novice group. 4) the fixation frequency of the novice group was higher than that of the expert group. The results show that the panel members have classified and processed the irrelevant information and relevant information in the two segments of AHB video, and strengthened their attention to search the relevant information, thus reducing the fixation frequency. 5) on the accuracy and response time of the landing point. In order to improve the correct rate of judgment, the expert group presupposes to ensure the accuracy of the extended reaction. The correct rate and reaction time of the expert group on the ball were larger than those of the novice group in the two video clips.) the correct rate and reaction time of the bevel ball and the straight line ball were judged in terms of the correct rate and the reaction time of the straight ball and the diagonal ball. The correct rate and reaction time of expert group are higher than that of novice group, and the correct rate and reaction time of linear ball judgment are higher than that of diagonal ball and reaction time.
【学位授予单位】：成都体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G847

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