社会生态学模型视角下美国和新西兰青少年身体活动促进研究

发布时间：2018-05-06 00:10

本文选题：社会生态学模型 + 身体活动　；参考：《福建师范大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：为我国增强青少年体质健康提供理论借鉴与实践经验参考,运用文献资料法、比较分析法等研究方法,以美国和新西兰为研究对象,以社会生态学模型为结构框架,分别探究家庭、学校和社区等社会生态中不同微观系统在青少年身体活动促进过程中的作用、方式与效果,然后以社会生态学模型与青少年身体活动促进模型为分析工具,分析不同微观系统影响青少年身体活动的因素及其类型,归纳出青少年身体活动促进的理想模式,推导出青少年身体活动促进假设模型等。结果：家庭在青少年身体活动促进中发挥着非常重要的作用,家长通过自身的榜样示范及带领青少年参加身体活动等来教育与帮助青少年养成多体力身体活动的健康生活方式；学校可通过身体活动促进策略、体育教育、课间休息活动等,创建倡导多体力身体活动的校园文化,以增强的体育教育为基础,以课间休息等时间为机会,鼓励、引导和组织青少年身体活动等；社区,以创建有利于身体活动的建成环境、人文环境为基础,宣传、推广和鼓励多体力身体活动,并以社区内某个组织或机构为主体实施具体的行动；国外《身体活动指南》研制方法已经趋于成熟,给予的身体活动建议更加科学合理,倡导的健康生活方式影响较大；不同微观系统协同开展青少年身体活动促进,以积极性交通上学例,其具体组织可根据情况由学校或社区起主体作用,其他各方起辅助作用,该协同模式可以充分利用各方资源。结论：根据社会生态学模型和青少年身体活动促进模型的分析,不同社会生态系统影响青少年身体活动的方式与影响因素类型具有一定的差异。从多到少,能够直接发挥影响因素的微观系统分别是家庭、学校、社区和政府；间接发挥影响作用的微观系统顺序正好相反。家庭和学校应当在青少年体质健康促进中承担主要责任；社区和政府应当为青少年体质健康促进提供必要的物质条件和文化环境；政府、社区、学校和家庭“四位一体”,可对青少年身体活动产生全面、直接和间接作用,且可以使所有影响因素和作用方式产生叠加效应,是一种理想化的青少年身体活动促进模式；任何两个或以上微观系统协同均可产生大于某单个微观系统的促进效果,是一种退而求其次的选择模式。最后,提出青少年身体活动促进假设模型,并对我国增强青少年体质健康的努力方向提出建议。
[Abstract]:In order to provide theoretical reference and practical experience reference for strengthening the health of young people in China, the research methods such as literature and comparative analysis are used, and the social ecology model of the United States and New Zealand is taken as the research object, and the social ecology in the family, school and community, and other social ecosystems in the family, the school and the community are respectively studied. The role, the way and the effect in the process of dynamic promotion, and then the analysis tool of the social ecology model and the adolescent physical activity promotion model, analyze the factors and types of different micro systems affecting the physical activity of young people, sum up the ideal model of the promotion of the youth's physical activity, and deduce the hypothetical model of the adolescent physical activity promotion. Results: the result: the family plays a very important role in promoting the physical activity of young people. Parents can teach and help teenagers to develop a healthy life style with physical activities through their example demonstration and lead young people to participate in physical activities. The school can promote strategies, physical education, and break through body activities. Activities, etc., create a campus culture that advocates physical physical activity, based on enhanced physical education and opportunities to encourage, guide and organize teenage physical activities on the basis of enhanced physical education, and to create an environment conducive to physical activity, the humanistic environment, publicity, promotion and encouragement of physical physical activities, Specific actions are carried out by a certain organization or organization within the community; the guidelines for the development of "physical activities" abroad have become mature, the suggestions for physical activities given are more scientific and reasonable, and the healthy lifestyles advocated are greatly influenced; different micro systems cooperate to promote the physical activities of young people and take positive traffic to school, The specific organization can be the main role of the school or community according to the situation, and the other parties play an auxiliary role. The synergy model can make full use of the resources of all parties. Conclusion: according to the socio ecological model and the analysis of the adolescent physical activity promotion model, different social ecosystems affect the ways and influencing factors of the physical activity of young people. There are certain differences. From many to few, the micro systems that can directly affect the influencing factors are family, school, community and government, and the micro system order of the indirect exertion is just the opposite. The family and school should take the main responsibility in the promotion of adolescent physical health; the community and the government should be healthy for young people. Health promotion provides the necessary material conditions and cultural environment; the "four in one" of the government, the community, the school and the family can produce a comprehensive, direct and indirect effect on the physical activity of young people, and can make all the factors and ways of action superimposition. It is an ideal model for the promotion of the physical activity of young people; any two of them. Or more micro system synergy can produce greater effect than a single micro system, and it is a kind of regression model. Finally, it puts forward the hypothesis model of adolescent physical activity promotion, and puts forward some suggestions on our country's efforts to enhance the health of young people.

【学位授予单位】：福建师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G811.4

【参考文献】