2014-2016赛季中超联赛裁判判罚特征研究

发布时间：2018-05-29 02:39

本文选题：中超 + 裁判　；参考：《河北师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在足球比赛中裁判员对运动员犯规的准确判罚是构成比赛的重要因素之一,也是比赛能够顺利进行的基本保障,裁判员能够比赛中的判罚掌握运动员的犯规特征,这样裁判员以有效增强其在比赛中判罚的预判性和准确性。中超联赛是我们职业足球的最高级别比赛,在一定程度上代表了中国足球的整体发展水平。本文综合运用文献资料法、调查法、观察法、数理统计法、逻辑法对中超联赛三个赛季90场比赛裁判员的判罚特征进行研究对比,旨在揭示中超联赛裁判员判罚特征的内在规律,这也有助于对裁判员在执法比赛中有一个理论性的参考。通过统计研究发现:1.近三个赛季中超联赛裁判判罚犯规次数最多的赛季为2015赛季。三个赛季每场场均犯规30--39次。三个赛季主要是第一、三阶段的犯规居多。2.裁判员在判罚犯规类型中主要以直接任意球判罚为主,直接任意球的判罚主要以踢、绊、拉扯为主要犯规。在近三年直接任意球的犯规类型有显著差异,以踢铲、绊等较为危险的下肢犯规动作逐年减少。吹罚犯规的部位下肢犯规最多,躯干犯规最少。3.三个赛季的裁判判罚犯规时间中下半场的犯规要多于上半场,三个赛季中犯规次数最多的主要在上下半场的最后十五分钟。4.三个赛季的犯规区域没有显著差异,其中前中区域的犯规次数最多,在把场区分成前、后、中三区域,中场的犯规次数最多。5.2016赛季裁判员出示的黄牌数最多,三个赛季黄牌趋势呈现递增趋势,红牌出现递减趋势。三个赛季中第一阶段的红黄牌次数最多,下半场出示的红黄牌次数远远多于上半场,出示红黄牌最多的时间为比赛的最后十五分钟。非体育行为是出示黄牌最主要的犯规形式,1+1和破坏得分机会在三个赛季中是出示红牌中的最要表现形式。6.三个赛季中场球员的犯规次数最多,其次是后卫、前锋。中场球员的犯规区域主要集中在中场区域和前场区域,后卫犯规的区域主要集中在中后场区域和两个边路区域,前锋的犯规主要集中在前场区域。7.三个赛季越位次数最多的为2015赛季,越位犯规的次数在1--5次/每场,越位犯规的时间主要集中在下半场,越位的区域主要集中在前中区域。
[Abstract]:One of the important factors that constitute the match is the accurate judgment and punishment of the player's foul in the football match, and it is also the basic guarantee that the match can proceed smoothly. The referee can grasp the characteristics of the player's foul in the decision of the match. In this way, the referee can effectively enhance their prediction and accuracy in the game. The Chinese Super League is the highest level of our professional football, to a certain extent, represents the overall level of development of Chinese football. In this paper, the characteristics of referees' punishment in 90 matches in three seasons of the Chinese Super League are studied and compared by the methods of literature, investigation, observation, mathematical statistics and logic. The purpose of this paper is to reveal the inherent law of the referee's penalty characteristics in the Chinese Super League, which is also helpful for the referee to have a theoretical reference in the law enforcement competition. Through statistical research, we find that: 1. The most frequent fouls in the last three seasons were in 2015. The average foul is 30-39 per game in three seasons. Most fouls in the first and third stages of the three seasons are 2. 2. In the types of fouls, referees mainly take direct free kicks as the main punishment, and the direct free kicks mainly kick, trip and pull as the main fouls. In the last three years, there are significant differences in the types of fouls of direct free kicks, such as shovel, tripping and other dangerous lower limb fouls. The lower limb fouls the most, the torso fouls the least. 3. The number of fouls in the second half of the three seasons was more than in the first half, and the most frequent fouls in the three seasons were in the last 15 minutes of the second half. There was no significant difference in the foul areas in the three seasons, with the most fouls in the front and middle regions, and the highest number of fouls in the midfield in the first, the third, the midfield, the highest number of yellow cards presented by the referees in the 5.2016 season. The three seasons yellow card trend presents the increasing trend, the red card appears the decline tendency. The first stage of the three seasons saw the most red and yellow cards, and the second half produced far more red and yellow cards than in the first half, with the maximum number of red and yellow cards in the last 15 minutes of the game. Non-sports behavior is the main form of foul for yellow cards and the chance to break points in three seasons is the most important form of red card. 6. Midfield players have the most fouls in three seasons, followed by defenders and strikers. The fouls of the midfield players are mainly concentrated in the midfield and the front field, the defensive fouls are mainly concentrated in the middle and back field and two flanks, and the forwards' fouls are mainly in the front field .7. The most offside times in three seasons are 2015, the offside fouls are 1 to 5 times per game, the offside fouls are mainly concentrated in the second half, the offside areas are mainly in the front and middle areas.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G843

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