奥林匹克运动中兴奋剂问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-30 23:10

本文选题：兴奋剂 + 奥林匹克运动　；参考：《北京体育大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：长期以来,使用兴奋剂被当作运动员追逐个人利益的手段。随着奥林匹克运动的不断发展,兴奋剂问题已经产生了新的变化。近年来,俄罗斯因大规模服用兴奋剂而陷入了世界性的信任危机,在全世界范围内饱受争议。俄罗斯兴奋剂风波的产生体现了新时期兴奋剂问题发展的新趋势,并引发了人们对公正与偏见的重新思考。尽管,国际奥委会在做出处罚决定的过程中受到诸多争议,但最终,国际奥委会对俄罗斯的处罚焦点重新回归到涉及兴奋剂的部分项目和部分运动员上,这一过程体现了奥林匹克反兴奋剂工作的发展趋势和变革方向。本文采用了文献资料法、专家访谈法、案例分析法,运用冲突理论视角,以现代奥林匹克运动中的兴奋剂问题为中心,着重研究了历届奥运会中的兴奋剂阳性情况,分析奥林匹克运动中兴奋剂问题层出不穷的原因及影响,以俄罗斯禁赛事件为例,讨论奥林匹克运动在新时期出现的兴奋剂问题的新趋势。同时,探究奥林匹克反兴奋剂工作发展情况,分析国内外现代奥林匹克运动中反兴奋剂工作的现状及趋势,为探讨我国奥林匹克反兴奋剂工作的发展道路提出建议。研究认为:第一,当前奥林匹克运动中的兴奋剂问题不仅是体育问题,也涉及国家形象与政治问题,兴奋剂问题在新的时期成为了各国之间政治权力较量的手段,这一现象要求奥林匹克反兴奋剂工作必须更加公平化、透明化;第二,现代奥林匹克运动中兴奋剂问题屡禁不止不仅受体育政治化、商业化因素的影响,同时也与对体育精神的误读、科学技术的异化等因素息息相关,在竞技体育与国家实力、国家形象密切相关的今天,兴奋剂问题的影响不容小觑;第三,随着世界反兴奋剂工作力度的不断加大,检测出的兴奋剂阳性情况却呈现出逐年攀升的趋势。因此,奥林匹克反兴奋剂工作仍需进一步扩大检查规模、优化升级检测技术、不断更新禁用清单、不断加大处罚力度,积极应对兴奋剂在新时期出现的新问题;第四,我国反兴奋剂工作思路不断提升并已取得卓越成效,但仍需不断提升自身反兴奋剂工作水平,始终坚决反对兴奋剂,捍卫体育精神,重视兴奋剂影响,加强全球合作以应对各种形式的挑战。
[Abstract]:Doping has long been used as a means for athletes to pursue their personal interests. With the continuous development of the Olympic Movement, the problem of doping has produced new changes. In recent years, Russia has fallen into a worldwide crisis of trust because of its massive doping use, which has been controversial all over the world. The emergence of Russian doping crisis reflects the new trend of doping problem in the new period, and causes people to reconsider justice and prejudice. Despite the controversy over the IOC's decision to punish Russia, in the end, the IOC's focus on Russia returned to some of the events and athletes involved in doping. This process reflects the development trend and reform direction of the Olympic anti-doping work. In this paper, the methods of literature, expert interview, case analysis and conflict theory are used to study the positive situation of doping in the past Olympic Games, focusing on the doping problem in the modern Olympic movement. This paper analyzes on the causes and effects of doping problems in the Olympic Games, and discusses the new trend of doping problems in the new period, taking Russia's suspension of competitions as an example. At the same time, this paper probes into the development of the Olympic anti-doping work, analyzes the present situation and the trend of the anti-doping work in the modern Olympic movement at home and abroad, and puts forward some suggestions for the development of the Olympic anti-doping work in China. First, the doping problem in the current Olympic Movement is not only a sports issue, but also a national image and political issue. The doping issue has become a means of political power contest among countries in the new period. This phenomenon requires the Olympic anti-doping work to be fairer and more transparent; second, the doping problem in the modern Olympic movement is not only affected by the politicization of sports, but also by commercial factors. At the same time, it is also closely related to the misreading of the sports spirit, the alienation of science and technology, and so on. Today, when competitive sports are closely related to national strength and national image, the influence of the doping problem cannot be underestimated; third, With the increasing of anti-doping in the world, the positive situation of doping is rising year by year. Therefore, the Olympic anti-doping work still needs to further expand the scale of inspection, optimize and upgrade testing technology, constantly update the list of banned, constantly increase punishment, and actively respond to the new problems of doping in the new period; fourth, China's anti-doping work has been continuously promoted and has achieved remarkable results, but it is still necessary to continuously improve its own anti-doping work level, always resolutely oppose doping, safeguard the spirit of sports, and attach importance to the influence of doping. Strengthen global cooperation to meet various forms of challenges.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G803

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