视觉虚拟环境下运动对认知能力影响的ERP研究

发布时间：2018-06-02 02:21

本文选题：事件相关电位 + P300　；参考：《山东师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的:在两种不同的视觉虚拟环境(森林环境与雾霾环境)下,对随机分成森林组(n=5)与雾霾组(n=5)的10名非体育学院健康的在校女大学生进行6周恒心率中等强度的跑台运动训练,收集观察并分析两组受试者的事件相关电位P300指标数据来探索两种视觉虚拟环境下运动是否会与在现实环境下运动对人的认知方面的能力如注意、执行控制等产生相似或一样的影响。倘若假设成立,面对恶劣的天气环境,人们也可以在室内通过虚拟现实技术(Virtual Reality,简称VR)或增强现实技术(Augmented Reality,简称AR)来完成运动训练的计划以减少雾霾等恶劣天气对人体健康造成的危害。另一方面,也为现在许多室内的健身场所改善其运动环境提供了很好的参考及利用价值。对象与方法:本实验研究通过网络(校园贴吧、论坛)、张贴分发实验志愿者招募单页、同学朋友之间介绍以及在学校运动场地(田径场、篮球场)现场招募的方式随机招募并筛选出山东师范大学长清湖校区在校学生中(非体育专业)健康女大学生10人作为实验对象,随机分配到森林组(n=5)和雾霾组(n=5)。采用纵向研究,观察比较并分析两组受试者在视觉虚拟运动环境下进行持续6周的恒心率中等强度的跑台运动前后事件相关电位指标的变化。事件相关电位采用德国生产的BrainVision Analyzer脑电分析仪进行实验,本研究采用的实验范式为改良版的Flanker范式,通过脑电采集放大器NuAmps收集脑电数据,最后使用脑电分析软件Brainvision Analyzer User Manual as of software version2.1.0对脑电数据进行分析,并筛选出几个主要的认知能力评价指标:事件相关电位中P300成分的潜伏期、波幅和行为学指标(正确反应时和正确率)结果:在对森林组、雾霾组前测和后测的P300波幅进行组内比较时,森林组一致性S2刺激下只有P7电极点存在显著性差异,在非一致性S3、S4刺激下只有P3电极点存在显著性差异;雾霾组在S1、S3刺激下只有Cz电极点存在显著性差异,在S2、S4刺激下有F7、T7、Cz存在显著性差异。而且不论是森林组还是雾霾组后测的波幅与前测相比都是减小,说明注意资源分配减小。在对森林组、雾霾组前测和后测的P300潜伏期进行组间比较时,存在显著性差异的电极点有三种情况:1、森林组与雾霾组的前测P300的潜伏期不存在显著性差异,6周运动后测两组的P300潜伏期存在显著性差异;2、森林组与雾霾组的前测P300的潜伏期存在显著性差异,6周运动后测两组的P300潜伏期不存在显著性差异;3、森林组、雾霾组的前测和后测的P300潜伏期均存在显著性。结论:1、视觉虚拟环境在一定程度上能够影响人的认知能力。从行为学指标分析结果可知,森林视觉虚拟环境下运动与在雾霾的虚拟环境下运动相比,森林虚拟环境更有利于认知能力的改善,但雾霾虚拟环境也有利于注意力的集中,用于观察周围的环境。2、在本实验中运动前后P300指标存在差异的电极点较少,通过这几个电极点可以得出:森林虚拟环境下运动对抑制能力的影响一定的积极影响。3、森林和雾霾两种虚拟环境下运动在一定程度上会增加认知负荷,运动人员在认知过程中需要分配较多的神经资源来避免无效的行为。
[Abstract]:Objective: under two different visual environment (forest environment and fog and haze environment), 10 non sports college female college students who were randomly divided into forest group (n=5) and haze group (n=5) were trained for 6 weeks' constant heart rate, and the event related potential P300 index data of the two groups were collected and analyzed. To explore whether the movement of two visual virtual environments can have similar or similar effects on human cognitive abilities such as attention and execution control in the actual environment. If it is assumed to be established and faced with bad weather conditions, people can also use virtual reality technology (Virtual Reality, VR) or enhance the current in the face of bad weather. Augmented Reality (AR) is used to complete the plan of sports training to reduce the harm caused by haze and bad weather to human health. On the other hand, it also provides a good reference and use value for many indoor fitness places to improve their sports environment. In the forum, the volunteers were recruited and selected randomly and selected from the school sports field (track and field, basketball court) at random and screened out 10 healthy female college students (non sports majors) at the Changqing Lake Campus of Shandong Normal University as subjects, randomly assigned to the forest group (n= 5) and haze group (n=5). A longitudinal study was used to observe and compare the changes in the event related potential indexes before and after the two groups of subjects in the visual virtual motion environment for 6 weeks. The event related potential was tested by the German produced BrainVision Analyzer EEG analyzer. The experimental paradigm used as the modified version of the Flanker paradigm and the EEG acquisition amplifier NuAmps to collect EEG data. Finally, the EEG analysis software Brainvision Analyzer User Manual as of software version2.1.0 was used to analyze the EEG data, and several main identification evaluation indexes were selected: the P300 into the event related potential. The latent period, amplitude and behavioral index (correct reaction time and correct rate) results: in the comparison of the P300 wave amplitude in the forest group, the haze group pretest and the post test, only the P7 electric poles of the forest group congruent S2 stimulation had significant difference, and the P3 electrode points were only significant differences under the non consistent S3 and S4 stimulation; the haze group was in the haze group. S1, S3 stimulated only the significant difference in the Cz electrode points. There was a significant difference between F7, T7 and Cz under the S2 and S4 stimuli. Moreover, the amplitude of the post test decreased in both the forest group and the haze group, indicating the decrease in the distribution of attention resources. There are three kinds of electrode points in the significant difference: 1, there is no significant difference in the incubation period of the pre test P300 in the forest group and the haze group, and there is a significant difference in the incubation period of the two groups after 6 weeks of movement. 2, there is a significant difference in the incubation period of the pre test P300 in the forest group and the haze group, and the P300 latency in the two groups of the two groups after 6 weeks of movement does not exist. 3, 3, the pretest and post test of forest group and haze group have significant potential. Conclusion: 1, visual virtual environment can affect human cognitive ability to a certain extent. From the results of behavioral index analysis, the forest visual virtual environment is more than the virtual environment in the fog and haze environment, and the virtual environment of forest is more than the virtual environment. It is beneficial to the improvement of cognitive ability, but the haze virtual environment is also beneficial to the concentration of attention, which is used to observe the surrounding environment.2. In this experiment, there are few electrode points with different P300 indexes before and after the exercise. Through these electrodes, the influence of the exercise on the inhibition ability of the forest virtual environment has a positive effect on the.3, the forest In two virtual environments and haze, exercise can increase cognitive load to a certain extent. In the cognitive process, the trainers need to allocate more nerve resources to avoid invalid behavior.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G804.8

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