辽宁省青少年曲棍球后备人才专项跑动能力研究

发布时间：2018-06-02 02:28

本文选题：曲棍球 + 青少年运动员　；参考：《宁波大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着世界曲棍球竞技水平的不断提高,曲棍球青少年后备人才的培养已经被提升到了一个新的高度,但是运动员专项跑动能力的分析和研究不能完善系统的展开,青少年曲棍球的训练就缺乏一个有效的针对性,因此,本研究的目的就是通过对部分辽宁省青少年曲棍球运动员专项跑动能力的科学测试和系统评价,找出辽宁省青少年曲棍球后备人才专项跑动能力中所存在的问题,在此基础上运用运动训练学、运动生理学、专项训练理论等理论知识提出解决问题的建议与措施,进一步对辽宁省青少年曲棍球后备人才专项跑动能力的构成和水平做出清晰和认识和系统的评价,为上级部门提供一个今后提高辽宁省青少年曲棍球后备人才专项跑动能力建议,从而提高辽宁省青少年曲棍球后备人才的竞技参赛水平,为促进辽宁省曲棍球的整体发展、为国家提供更多的曲棍球后备人才贡献自己的微薄之力。本研究以文献资料法、测试法、数理统计法以及逻辑分析法为基本的研究方法,以参加辽宁省军事体育航海运动学校组织的辽宁省曲棍球球后备人才夏令营的各位青少年运动员为测试对象,对辽宁省青少年曲棍球后备人才的专项跑动能力做出了全面性的研究,得出以下研究结果:(1)短距离的专项冲刺跑动(5-10 m)中技术因素(持杆带球)占据相对重要的位置,即技术因素更多地决定了奔跑的速度,而在长距离的专项速度(40m)或多次折返专项速度(伊利诺伊折返跑)中运动员的一般速度能力对专项速度的贡献相对较大,即一般速度优异的运动员专项速度的水平也较高。启动和短距离持杆带球跑之间高度相关,(2)辽宁省青少年曲棍球运动员在短距离、长距离速度跑上与世界强队澳大利亚队还存在一定差距,但辽宁省运动员年龄(15岁以下)略小于澳大利亚队(17岁以下),速度上存在差距属正常现象,澳大利亚队在青少年时期的短距离、长距离速度水平发展已与成人相近(21岁以下),辽宁省亲少年应注意短距离、长距离速度的提升。辽宁省曲棍球青少年运动员6*30m冲刺的下降率却低于澳大利亚运动员,尤其女子平均下降率的标准差也小于澳大利亚运动员,说明辽宁省青少年曲棍球运动员的间歇冲刺速度稳定和间歇恢复能力更强一些。(3)辽宁省男子青少年曲棍球运动员之间灵敏持杆带球跑水平差距较大,女子运动员之间除灵敏持杆带球跑外,长距离持杆带球跑也差距较大。(4)男子运动员的短距离持杆带球速度与长距离持球速度高度相关,但是女子运动员却没有出现这一情况,男子运动员在直线持杆带球速度和技术保持上好于女子,反映出女子运动员一旦延长冲刺距离,其运球技术的稳定性就难以继续保持,(5)在持杆带球跑测试中呈现高度相关的5m持杆带球跑与10m持杆带球跑,其一般速度5m速度跑与10m速度跑相关性仅为显著中度相关(男子)和显著弱相关(P0.05)。一般速度项目之间相关性均不强,显著(P0.05)。(6)男子6*30m间歇冲刺总时间与40m速度跑和持杆带球跑呈强相关关系,在冲刺距离上二者比较接近,在下降率相近的情况下,单次冲刺成绩与整体成正比。但是在女子运动员中却比较低,可能原因为女子青少年运动员的速度保持和间歇恢复能力比较差,其下降率(3.03±1.37)虽高于男子,但对于辽宁省青少年女子曲棍球运动员来讲并没有达到最好状态。(7)蛇形跑动技术测试,速度上男子快于女子,但由于男子技术水平(持球准确性)较不稳定。女子蛇形跑动技术(持球准确性)强,好于其他三项。其正手推球技术较好(差异非常显著,P0.01)。男子蛇形跑动和反手传球与持杆带球伊利诺伊跑呈强相关关系,非常显著(P0.01)。10m、40m和伊利诺伊跑的持杆带球跑与技术1、技术3和技术4均呈中度相关,显著(P0.05)。女子5m、10m持杆带球跑与技术的相关性比较高,非常显著(P0.01),尤其值得注意的是5m持杆带球跑与挑球和击球(正手/反手)呈强相关,非常显著(P0.01)。(8)男子运球跑与正手推球与6*30m总时间和下降率均呈中度相关,非常显著(P0.01)。女子运动员在运球跑与正手推球、蛇形跑和正反手传球、挑球和击球(正手/反手)上与6*30m总时间和下降率,均有中度相关关系,非常显著(P0.01)。针对上述结果,得出以下改善我国青少年曲棍球运动员专项跑动能力的建议:(1)在曲棍球青少年训练中,应该将运动员的一般速度能力和专项速度能力区别看待,对不同运动员在一般和专项跑动的训练上要有区别对待。我国青少年曲棍球运动员应加强启动和短距离的持杆快速带球训练,以改善该段落上出现一般速度与专项速度脱节的现象。(2)重视辽宁省青少年曲棍球运动员短距离加速、长距离速度水平发展,以为后续相应持杆带球技术奠定基础,缩短与世界强队短距离、长距离专项速度水平差距。重视运动员长距离、灵敏持杆带球速度整体水平发展,缩小运动员之间差距。启动加速持球与短距离加速持球训练可以进行有效的结合,提高训练效率。加强女子直线持杆带球技术稳定性训练,直线持杆带球球技术与曲线持杆带球技术应区别对待。一般速度能力之间,既要区别对待,又要有效结合,共同发展。女子伊利诺伊持杆带球跑速度受直线短距离持杆带球跑、持杆带球加速减速和持杆带球180度转弯速度与技术影响较曲线持杆带球速度与技术大。(3)我国青少年曲棍球运动员如果力求达到国际先进水平,需要在重复冲刺能力上进行重点训练。辽宁省男子青少年曲棍球运动员具备一定的间歇冲刺速度稳定和间歇恢复能力,今后的训练中,提高间隙冲刺速度的同时,要注意保持其下降率水平,即注意其间歇恢复能力和间歇冲刺速度稳定的保持,不要因为速度的提高,而使下降率大幅增大。并将40m冲刺和6*30m冲刺进行融合,同时可促进长距离持杆带球跑水平发展。女子运动员训练中应注意间歇冲刺速度保持和间歇恢复能力的提升。(4)在今后的训练中男子应注意短距离、长距离及灵敏持杆带球速度对运球跑和正手推球、蛇形跑动和反手传球、挑球和击球(正手/反手)的影响,蛇形跑动和反手传球可通过持杆带球伊利诺伊跑的练习进行提高。加强男子蛇形跑动技术水平(持球准确性)训练,同时保障其该技术速度水平。女子应注重爆发力、启动短距离持杆带球跑对运球跑和正手推球、挑球和击球(正手/反手)及蛇形跑动和反手传球技术的影响。比赛中各项技术动作混合反复出现,反复多次且距离或时间相对本测试适当加长的技术能力测试或许能和6*30m表现出强相关关系,这有待进一步研究。
[Abstract]:With the continuous improvement of the level of hockey competition in the world, the training of the hockey youth reserve talents has been promoted to a new height. However, the analysis and research of the athletes' special running ability can not be improved systematically. The training of hockey hockey is lack of an effective pertinence. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to Through the scientific testing and systematic evaluation of the special running ability of some young hockey players in Liaoning Province, the problems existing in the special running ability of the hockey reserve personnel in Liaoning province are found out. On this basis, some theoretical knowledge, such as sports training, sports physiology, and special training theory, are put forward to solve the problems. With the measures, we make a clear and systematic evaluation on the composition and level of the special running ability of the hockey reserve talents in Liaoning Province, and provide a suggestion for the higher authorities to improve the special running ability of the hockey reserve talents in Liaoning Province in the future, so as to raise the competition of the hockey reserve talents in Liaoning province. In order to promote the overall development of hockey in Liaoning and provide the country with more talents to contribute to the country's hockey reserve talents, this study takes the literature, testing, mathematical statistics and logical analysis as the basic research methods to participate in Liaoning Province, which is organized by the military sports and marine sports schools in Liaoning province. The young athletes of the hockey reserve talent summer camp have made a comprehensive study on the special running ability of the Liaoning youth hockey reserve personnel. The following results are as follows: (1) the technical factors (5-10 m) in the short distance special sprint and running (5-10 m) occupy a relatively important position, that is, technology The speed of running is more determined by the factors, and the average speed ability of the athletes in the long distance special speed (40m) or the reentry special speed (Illinois return run) is relatively high, that is, the average speed of the athletes with excellent general speed is also higher. Highly related, (2) Liaoning province hockey players in short distance, long distance speed running with the world strong team Australian team still have a certain gap, but the age of Liaoning athletes (under the age of 15) is slightly smaller than the Australian team (under 17 years of age), the speed of the difference is normal, the Australian team in the short distance of youth, The development of long distance speed level has been similar to that of adults (under 21 years of age). The relative adolescents in Liaoning province should pay attention to short distance and long distance speed. The decline rate of 6*30m sprint in Liaoning hockey teenager athletes is lower than that of Australian athletes, especially the average drop rate of women is less than that of Australian athletes, indicating Liaoning province. The intermittent sprint speed of the young hockey players is stable and the ability to recover intermittently is stronger. (3) the gap between the sensitive stick and the ball running level between the male and young hockey players in Liaoning province is large, and the distance between the women's athletes except the sensitive holding and the ball running, the long distance holding the ball running is also large. (4) the short distance away from the male athletes The speed of the rod ball is closely related to the speed of the long distance holding speed, but there is no such situation in the women's athletes. The speed of the ball and the technical maintenance of the male athletes are better than that of the women. It shows that the stability of the dribbling technique of the women athletes is difficult to continue once the women athletes extend the sprint distance. (5) the test of the ball running in the holding pole. There was a highly correlated 5m stick ball running and 10m holding ball running. The general speed 5m speed run and the 10m speed run are only significant moderate correlation (men) and significant weak correlation (P0.05). The correlation between the general speed items is not strong and significant (P0.05). (6) the total time of male 6*30m intermittent sprint with 40m speed run and the stick run ball run The strong correlation is close to the two of the sprint distance. In the case of similar drop rate, the result of single sprint is proportional to the whole. But it is lower in women's athletes, perhaps the reason is that the speed keeping and intermittent recovery ability of the female teenager athletes is poor, and the decline rate (3.03 + 1.37) is higher than that of the men, but to Liao. The young women hockey players in ningprovince did not reach the best state. (7) the test of snake running technology was faster than women, but the men's technical level (accuracy of holding) was more unstable. Women's snake like running technique (the accuracy of holding the ball) was strong and better than the other three. The technique of the forehand push was better (P0 .01). The men's snake like running and backhand pass are strongly related to the Illinois running with a stick and ball. It is very significant (P0.01).10m, 40m and Illinois running the ball running with technology 1, technology 3 and technology 4, and significant (P0.05). The correlation between the women 5m, the 10m stick ball running and the technology is higher, very significant (P0.01), especially value. It must be noted that the 5m stick ball run is strongly correlated with the ball and the backhand (P0.01). (8) the male dribbling run and the forehand push are moderately related to the total time and the decline rate of the 6*30m, very significant (P0.01). Women's athletes are running with the forehand push, the snake like run and the backhand pass, the ball and the backhand (forehand / backhand) There is a moderate correlation between the total time and the decrease rate of 6*30m, which is very significant (P0.01). In view of the above results, the following suggestions are given to improve the special running ability of the hockey players in China: (1) in the hockey youth training, the athletes' speed ability and special speed ability should be treated differently, and different sports should be taken for different sports. There should be a difference between the general and the special running training. The young hockey players in China should strengthen the start and short distance fast ball training to improve the phenomenon that the general speed is disjointed with the special speed in this paragraph. (2) pay attention to the short distance acceleration and the long distance speed level of the teenage baton ball players in Liaoning province. Development, in order to lay the foundation for the follow - up stick ball technology, shorten the short distance and the long distance special speed level gap with the world's strong teams, attach importance to the long distance of the athletes, the rapid development of the sharp stick ball speed as a whole and narrow the gap between the athletes. To strengthen the training efficiency, strengthen the technical stability training of women's linear holding rod ball, the technique of linear holding ball ball and curve holding rod should be treated differently. The speed and the technical influence of 180 degree turning speed and the technical influence of the speed deceleration and the rod ball are larger than the curve holding rod speed and technology. (3) if the Chinese hockey players strive to reach the international advanced level, the key training of the repeated sprint ability should be carried out. The men's teenage baton ball players in Liaoning province have a certain speed of intermittent bursts. In the future training, in the future training, to improve the speed of the gap sprint, we should pay attention to keeping the decline rate, that is to pay attention to the recovery ability and the steady speed of the intermittent burr, and not to increase the drop rate because of the speed increase. The 40m sprint and the 6*30m sprint are fused, and the long distance can be promoted. In the training of women athletes, attention should be paid to the improvement of intermittent sprint speed and intermittent recovery. (4) in future training men should pay attention to the effect of short distance, long distance and sensitive stick ball speed on dribbling and forehand push, snake like running and backhand pass, pick and hit (forehand / backhand) The snake like running and backhand pass can be improved through the exercises of the Illinois running with the ball on the holder. Strengthen the skill level of the man's snake running technique (the accuracy of the ball) and ensure the speed level. Women should pay attention to the explosive force and start the short distance ball running on the ball running and the forehand push, the ball and the ball (forehand / backhand) and the ball. The influence of snake like running and backhand pass technology. The technical ability test in the competition is mixed repeatedly, the technical ability test which is repeated many times and the distance or time relative to this test may show a strong correlation with the 6*30m, which needs further study.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G849.1

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