目标设置结合反馈信息对青少年羽毛球运动员专项体质及运动自信的影响

发布时间：2018-06-05 08:08

本文选题：目标设置 + 青少年　；参考：《上海体育学院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：研究目的:本研究通过对上海市体育运动学校青少年羽毛球运动员进行目标设置结合反馈信息干预,探究合理的目标设置结合反馈信息对青少年羽毛球运动员专项体质及运动自信产生的具体影响。研究方法:整体抽取上海市体育运动学校10~14岁青少年羽毛球运动员24名,将研究对象分为目标设置组(n=13)及对照组(n=11)。其中,对实验组受试者进行9个月的目标设置干预,为其设置每项指标在9个月干预期内提升20%(长期目标),每个月提升约2.5%(短期目标)的合理目标,对照组受试者不进行任何干预及反馈,保持原有训练方式不变。每周一至周五有2~4名课题组成员前往上海市体育运动学校羽毛球训练馆观察并记录两组受试者的表现,每2周对实验组运动员的具体表现以图表的形式进行反馈。在目标设置干预前、干预中期、干预结束后,分别测试两组受试者握力、羽毛球掷远、立定跳远、专项步法移动、跳绳等专项体质指标及填写运动自信有关问卷。研究结果:(1)专项体质指标中,干预后较干预前相比,实验组握力、羽毛球掷远、立定跳远、纵跳有显著性提升(p0.05),对照组无差异(p0.05)。干预后结束后,目标组仰卧起坐、俯卧背伸呈显著性提高(p0.05),对照组不存在显著性差异(p0.05)。实验组干预前后5次直线进退跑、5次左右侧跑、10次低重心四角跑测试成绩得到显著性改善(p0.05),对照组虽也有所改善,但未构成差异性(p0.05)。单摇及双摇跳绳指标中,实验组干预后显著优于干预前(p0.05),对照组干预前后变化不显著(p0.05)。选择反应时及坐位体前屈两组干预前后均无显著性变化(p0.05)。(2)运动自信方面,两组运动员特质运动自信实验前后无显著性差异(p0.05),但是目标组在技术知觉、生理准备、自我呈现、替代经验、教练指导维度上的运动自信心来源具有显著改善作用(p0.05),对照组虽也有所提升,但并未构成显著性差异(p0.05)。结论:(1)目标设置虽对柔韧性、选择反应时等一般体质指标影响不显著,但能够有效提升青少年羽毛球运动员上肢力量与下肢爆发力、腰腹部耐力、步法移动速度方面的专项体质指标的成绩。(2)经过9个月的目标设置干预,青少年羽毛球运动员特质运动自信的促进作用并不显著,但对运动自信心来源的多个维度具有显著的改善作用。(3)目标设置结合反馈信息对于个体的绩效水平具有良好的促进效果。
[Abstract]:Objective: the purpose of this study was to set goals of young badminton athletes in Shanghai Sports School and to intervene with feedback information. To explore the concrete influence of reasonable goal setting combined with feedback information on the special physique and sports self-confidence of young badminton players. Methods: a total of 24 young badminton athletes aged from 10 to 14 years old in Shanghai Sports School were selected. The subjects were divided into two groups: target setting group (n = 13) and control group (n = 11). Among them, the subjects in the experimental group were given a nine-month goal setting intervention, and each index was given a reasonable goal of raising 20% (long-term goal, about 2.5% (short-term goal) per month) during the nine-month intervention period. The subjects in the control group did not carry out any intervention and feedback and kept the original training mode unchanged. From Monday to Friday, two or four members of the research group went to the Badminton training Center of Shanghai Sports School to observe and record the performance of the two groups of subjects. Feedback on the specific performance of the experimental group athletes was provided in the form of charts every two weeks. Before, in the middle period of intervention, after the intervention, two groups of subjects were tested respectively, such as grip strength, badminton throw far, standing long jump, special step movement, rope skipping and other special physique indexes, and filling out the exercise self-confidence questionnaire. The results showed that compared with before intervention, there were significant differences in grip strength, badminton throwing, standing long jump and vertical jump between the experimental group and the control group (P 0.05). At the end of the intervention, the target group had a significant increase in sit-ups and supine extension, but there was no significant difference between the control group and the control group (P 0.05). Before and after the intervention, the test scores of 5 straight forward and backward runs and 5 left and right side runs in the experimental group were significantly improved (P 0.05), while the control group was also improved, but the difference was not significant (p 0.05). Among the indexes of single and double roll skipping, the experimental group was significantly better than that before intervention (P 0.05), while the control group had no significant change before and after intervention. There was no significant change in exercise self-confidence between the two groups before and after intervention. There was no significant difference between the two groups before and after the exercise confidence test, but the target group had no significant difference in technical perception, physiological preparation and self-presentation. Instead of the experience, the source of exercise self-confidence in the coaching guidance dimension was significantly improved (p0.05), while the control group was also improved, but it did not constitute a significant difference (p0.05). Conclusion although the goal setting has no significant effect on the general physical indexes such as flexibility and reaction time, it can effectively enhance the upper limb strength, lower extremity explosive force and waist abdominal endurance of young badminton athletes. After nine months of goal setting intervention, the promoting effect of youth badminton athletes' trait sports self-confidence was not significant. But the multiple dimensions of the source of exercise self-confidence can significantly improve the effect of goal setting combined with feedback information on the performance of the individual has a good effect.
【学位授予单位】：上海体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G847

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