新规则视角下男子竞技武术散打组合技术运用情况分析

发布时间：2018-06-09 23:40

本文选题：武术散打 + 新规则　；参考：《河北师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着各种武术散打赛事的相继推出,散打竞技水平不断提高,从而刺激着竞赛规则的日趋完善。竞赛规则是运动技术发展的指挥棒,具有导向作用,反过来技术的发展又促使规则的不断完善,两者既统一又矛盾,始终存在着相互制约,相互影响的关系。规则要依据技术发展的需要适当修改与补充,规则修改要有利于技术的发展。现今的比赛,由于新规则的出台引领着一场技术的革新,运动员在比赛中尤其是高水平比赛中,使用多招组合攻防早已是普遍现象。但是由于散打比赛开展的时间短,有关组合动作方面的研究还很欠缺,对组合动作的运用和发展形成了一定的阻碍。本文以2014年全国男子武术散打锦标赛,进入前四强的运动员中11个级别28场58局的散打比赛为研究对象。通过收集散打技术方面的文献资料和专业期刊的有关散打技术运用、统计等方面的论文及武术散打最新竞赛规则作为本研究的理论支撑。走访有代表性的部分武术专家,依据新规则对散打得分的常用组合动作进行确定和筛选,及针对比赛时组合运用的时间和组合运用间隔时间的的特点和分布指导训练的必要性研究。本文主要运用观察法,使用专业的数码摄像机,对2014年我国男子散打锦标赛进行正前方左侧定点拍摄,每场不停机的全程拍摄。通过对视频的统计分析,找出组合动作在比赛中运用的特点及规律,从不同状态的运动时间和结构的实际出发进行划分,统计出在该时间里都是由哪些单个的技术动作构成的一套完整的组合。统计出那些高频率出现的、高得分的组合技术动作用以训练运动员掌握,模拟真实的临战状态来指导训练。研究表明,一场比赛的总时间平均为5分30秒~7分30秒,一局比赛的总时间平均为2分20秒~2分50秒。在新规则实施下,组合动作主要运用次数是2次和3次组合,其次是4次组合,4次以上组合运用较少。但在进攻+防守反击形式下的4次组合动作的运用率和得分率都明显提升。低鞭腿虽已不作为得分的手段,但是在视频中应用依然不可忽视,得分的辅助作用依旧很明显、重要。前低鞭接后直拳作为高频高得分出现的组合动作技术,无疑说明了低鞭腿在实战中的不可或缺。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the introduction of various Wushu Sanda events, the competitive level of Sanda has been improved, thus stimulating the improvement of competition rules. The rules of competition are the baton of the development of sports technology, which has the guiding function. In turn, the development of the technology promotes the continuous improvement of the rules. The two rules are unified and contradictory, and there is always a relationship of mutual restriction and mutual influence. The rules should be amended and supplemented according to the needs of technological development, and the modification of rules should be beneficial to the development of technology. Nowadays, due to the introduction of new rules leading to a technical innovation, it is a common phenomenon for athletes to use multi-strategy combination attack and defense in competitions, especially in high-level competitions. However, because of the short time of Sanda competition, the research on combination action is still lacking, which has formed a certain hindrance to the application and development of combination action. In this paper, the national men's Wushu Sanda Championship in 2014, the top four athletes into the top 28 levels of 58 innings of the Sanda competition as the research object. This study is based on the collection of literature on Sanda technology, the application and statistics of Sanda technology in professional journals, and the latest competition rules of Wushu Sanda as the theoretical support of this study. Visit some representative martial arts experts to determine and screen the common combined movements of Sanda scores according to the new rules. According to the characteristics of the combination time and the interval between the combinations, the necessity of the distribution to guide the training is also studied. This article mainly uses the observation method, uses the specialized digital camera, carries on the direct front spot shooting to the 2014 Chinese men's Sanda Championship, each does not stop the entire process photography. Through the statistical analysis of the video, find out the characteristics and rules of the combined action used in the competition, and start from the actual movement time and structure of different states to divide, Figure out what a complete combination of individual technical actions is made up at that time. Statistics of the high-frequency, high-score combination of technical movements to train athletes to master, simulation of real combat conditions to guide the training. The results show that the average time of a game is 5 minutes 30 seconds to 7 minutes 30 seconds and the average time of a game is 2 minutes 20 seconds to 2 minutes 50 seconds. In the implementation of the new rules, the combined action is mainly used twice and 3 times, followed by 4 times combination more than 4 times combination use less. However, the application rate and scoring rate of the four combined actions in the form of offensive and defensive counter-attack are obviously improved. Although the low whip leg has not been used as a scoring method, it can not be ignored in the video, and the auxiliary function of the score is still obvious and important. As a combination action technique of high frequency and high score, the front and low whip and straight fist undoubtedly show that the low whip leg is indispensable in actual combat.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G852.4

【参考文献】