欧洲早期滑雪运动发展社会动因及对我国的启示

发布时间：2018-06-27 19:33

本文选题：滑雪运动 + 欧洲　；参考：《北京体育大学学报》2017年09期

【摘要】：成功申办2022年冬奥会以来,我国冰雪事业迎来重大发展契机,带动3亿人参与冰雪运动成为我国冬季运动发展的重要目标。主要采用文献资料法、历史分析法等研究方法,回顾欧洲早期滑雪运动发展的社会动因,是将滑雪运动置于整体社会发展环境中,对生产力、生产关系以及社会的需求等要素进行综合分析,其发展规律反映了生产力发展、精英引导、国家意志等因素的共同作用,体现了欧洲滑雪运动从贵族精英、健康观念形成向大众参与理念转变的发展历程,研究欧洲滑雪从少数人引领到大众参与的进程,将为我国滑雪运动大众化普及提供借鉴。分析认为:1)精英阶级对于滑雪运动的热情促成了滑雪俱乐部在欧洲的兴起,在满足休闲娱乐之余,有效地将滑雪运动与公民意识相结合,培养了社会大众对于资产阶级统治的认同感。2)军事滑雪运动的发展是滑雪运动实现精英阶级向大众推广的重要途径。一战前夕,各国滑雪部队建立,扩大了滑雪运动的参与范围,为国家军事滑雪人才奠定了基础。3)一战后,欧洲国家将滑雪运动引入学校课程体系。政府通过设置学校滑雪课程、降低滑雪价格、住宿、成本等方式鼓励青少年参与滑雪运动,打破了经济基础决定滑雪参与的局面,扩大了滑雪运动的参与群体。随着滑雪人数的增多,各国滑雪比赛逐渐增多推动了国际性滑雪组织建立,欧洲早期滑雪运动得以发展壮大。
[Abstract]:Since the successful application for the 2022 Winter Olympic Games, China's ice and snow industry has ushered in an important development opportunity, and it has become an important goal for China's winter sports to promote 300 million people to participate in the ice and snow sports. By using the methods of literature and historical analysis, this paper reviews the social motivation of the development of ski sports in Europe, which is to put ski sports in the overall social development environment and to the productive forces. The comprehensive analysis of the factors of production relations and social demand reflects the common action of factors such as the development of productive forces, elitist guidance, national will and so on, and reflects the European ski sports from the aristocratic elite. The formation of the concept of health to the concept of popular participation in the development of the process of European skiing from a few people leading to mass participation will provide a reference for the popularization of ski sports in China. It is concluded that the enthusiasm of the elite for skiing has contributed to the rise of ski clubs in Europe, which, while satisfying leisure and entertainment, effectively combines ski sports with civic consciousness. The development of military skiing is an important way to promote the elite class to the masses. On the eve of World War I, ski troops of all countries established, expanded the scope of participation in skiing, laid the foundation for national military skiing talent.) after World War I, European countries introduced skiing into school curriculum system. The government encourages young people to participate in skiing by setting up school skiing courses, reducing skiing price, accommodation and cost, breaking the situation that the economic base determines ski participation, and expanding the participation group of skiing sports. With the increase of the number of skiers, the number of skiing competitions in various countries is increasing gradually, which promotes the establishment of international skiing organizations, and the early European skiing movement has developed and expanded.
【作者单位】：北京体育大学运动与体质健康教育部重点实验室;哈尔滨工业大学体育部;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金重点课题:2022年冬奥会对我国雪上运动发展的影响研究(项目编号:16ATY004)
【分类号】：G863.1

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