三种不同形式负荷刺激深蹲对下肢爆发力影响的实验研究

发布时间：2018-07-05 16:30

本文选题：杠铃 + Keiser　；参考：《天津体育学院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在体育训练中,仅仅靠自身阻力训练是很难取得良好的训练效果,往往依靠外界器械对人体的肌肉施加影响,促进身体素质的发展,发展下肢爆发力就是其中之一。在大科技研究的背景下,爆发力训练器械层出不穷,训练效果也各有千秋。我们最常用的传统杠铃发展下肢爆发力,它有一套完整的训练理论和方法。具有操作简单、方便,容易掌握的特点。keiser气阻爆发功率训练仪器是利用气体压力作为阻力的训练器械,它的特点是使用时能够均匀而平稳地传送正或者负的阻力,减少负荷量和负荷强度的变化对运动员关节、肌肉、韧带和其他组织器官的伤害,将运动员受伤的可能性降低到最大限度。cormax末端爆发力释放训练器械利用液体压力作为阻力的训练器械,简单的说,就是将负重扔出去,它的特点是训练更加贴近专项动作模式,能在整个运动过程中保持加速状态。有研究已经证明在50%RM负荷下发展下肢爆发力,keiser气阻爆发功率训练仪器训练效果优于传统杠铃组。同时也有研究证明在10周训练后深蹲跳测试中,cormax末端爆发力释放训练器械训练效果优于传统杠铃组。而三者之间的比较较少。本文旨在从三种不同形式负荷刺激深蹲的角度出发,结合运动员发展下肢爆发力的特点,主要利用“JUST JUMP”弹跳垫作为测试下肢爆发力的测试仪器,通过实验前后对比的方法来讨论分析三种器械的对发展下肢爆发力的优劣。本研究利用文献资料法,获得大量国内外关于发展下肢爆发力的文献资料,为本次研究实验的设计和实验结果分析提供充分的理论依据;然后以天津体育学院研究生部的18名学生作为实验对象,实验分成三组:Ⅰ组keiser气阻爆发功率训练组、Ⅱ组传统抗阻力训练组、Ⅲ组cormax末端爆发力释放训练组,进行为期8周的实验训练,实验前后通过“JUST JUMP”弹跳垫对所有受试者的SJ、CMJ原地纵跳的腾空时间、腾空高度,四次连续纵跳的反应时间、平均腾空高度、爆发力指数进行测试,对比分析三种不同深蹲刺激形式后受试者各项指标的变化情况,最终得出以下研究结论:(1)Cormax末端爆发力释放仪器经过8周训练干预后,受试者下肢伸肌群在预先拉长状态下突然启动收缩能力以及离心收缩迅速转换向心收缩能力增强,增长幅度优于其它两种器械。(2)keiser气阻训练仪器经过8周训练干预后,受试者下肢伸肌群在预先拉长状态下突然启动收缩能力以及离心收缩迅速转换向心收缩能力增强,增长幅度高于杠铃训练仪器,低于cormax末端爆发力释放仪器。(3)杠铃训练仪器经过8周训练干预后,受试者下肢伸肌群在预先拉长状态下突然启动收缩能力以及离心收缩迅速转换向心收缩能力略有增强,增长幅度较其他两种器械增幅最小。(4)经过8周三种不同方式训练干预后,再进行just jump弹跳测试和等速肌力测试,Cormax末端爆发力释放仪器训练下肢爆发力效果优于其它两种训练器械。
[Abstract]:In sports training, it is difficult to get good training effect only by self resistance training. It often depends on external instruments to exert influence on human muscles, promote the development of body quality and develop the explosive force of lower limbs. In the background of large science and technology research, the explosive force training instruments emerge in endlessly, and the training effect is also varied. Our most commonly used barbell to develop the lower limb explosive force, it has a complete set of training theory and method. It has the characteristics of simple operation, convenient, easy to master,.Keiser gas resistance explosion power training instrument is a training instrument using gas pressure as resistance, its characteristic is to make the use of a uniform and steady transmission of positive or negative. Resistance, reducing the damage of load and load intensity on the athletes' joints, muscles, ligaments and other tissues and organs, reducing the possibility of the athlete's injury to the maximum.Cormax end explosive force to release the training apparatus to use liquid pressure as a resistance training instrument, simply to throw the weight out. Its characteristics are The training is more close to the special action mode and can be accelerated during the whole movement. Research has proved that lower limb explosive force is developed under the load of 50%RM, and the training effect of Keiser gas resistance explosion power training instrument is better than that of the traditional barbell group. At the same time, there are also studies showing that in the squat jump test after 10 weeks of training, the explosive force of the cormax end is released. The training effect of the training apparatus is better than that of the traditional barbell group. The comparison between the three ones is less. This paper aims to start from the angle of three different forms of load stimulation, and combine the characteristics of the athlete's development of the lower limb explosive force, and mainly use the "JUST JUMP" springing pad as a test instrument for the test of the lower extremity explosion force, through comparison before and after the experiment. Methods to discuss and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the three instruments for the development of lower limb explosive force. The literature data method was used to obtain a large number of literature on the development of lower limb explosive force at home and abroad, and provided sufficient theoretical basis for the design and analysis of experimental results of this study; however, 18 students from the Graduate Department of Tianjin University of Sport were after the study. As the experimental object, the experiment was divided into three groups: group I Keiser air resistance explosion power training group, group II traditional resistance training group, group III cormax end explosive force release training group, 8 weeks of experimental training, before and after the experiment, through the "JUST JUMP" jump mat for all subjects SJ, CMJ original jump time, vacate height, four The reaction time of the secondary longitudinal jump, the average altitude and the explosive force index were tested, and the changes of the indexes of the subjects after three different types of squat stimulation were compared and analyzed. Finally, the following conclusions were obtained: (1) the Cormax terminal explosive force release instrument after 8 weeks of training and drills, the lower extremities of the subjects were elongated in advance. The ability of sudden contraction and rapid conversion of centrifugal contraction to centripetal contraction was enhanced, and the increase was better than that of the other two instruments. (2) after 8 weeks of training after 8 weeks of training, the lower extremities of the lower extremities of the subjects had a sudden contraction ability and a rapid conversion of the centrifugal contractile to the cardiac contractility. The increase is higher than the barbell training instrument, lower than the cormax end explosive force release instrument. (3) after 8 weeks of training, the barbell training instrument has a sudden contraction ability of the lower extremities of the lower extremities and the rapid conversion of the centrifuge contraction to the centripetal contraction ability, and the increase is the most higher than that of the other two instruments. (4) after 8 Wednesday training, the just jump springing test and the isokinetic muscle strength test were performed, and the explosive force of the Cormax terminal explosive force was better than the other two kinds of training instruments.
【学位授予单位】：天津体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G804.6

【参考文献】