动作技能两侧迁移理论在体育教育专业背越式跳高教学中的应用研究
发布时间：2018-07-24 16:52
【摘要】：我国高校的田径课程教学方法已经不能满足时代及学生的要求。需要一种新的教学法来对高校田径课程的教学进行革新。动作技能两侧迁移理论是以学生为主体,培养学生的认知能力,强化学生对动作的理解,在左右侧肢体全面发展且两侧间相互迁移的影响下,提高学习效率;提高学习兴趣;强化技术动作;提高学生素质,是符合当今社会高层次人才培养目标的教学理念。本研究以动作技能两侧迁移理论为切入点,探讨两侧迁移教学理论的应用模式,利用文献资料法、问卷调查法、数理统计法、实验法等多种科研方法探讨在田径背越式跳高项目高校体育教育专业田径课教学中的应用模式。先对动作技能两侧迁移进行理论总结和梳理,通过专家调查法访谈确立实验的可行性和具体的操作过程。利用问卷调查法来搜集关于动作技能两侧迁移理论应用的方法。通过专家的评判来确定实验的可行性及制定实验内容和方案。随后进行实验研究,最终通过数理统计的方式对实验的结果进行分析和探讨。根据所得信息信息加以整合,得出以下结论:1.在田径课程中对体育教育专业学生采用动作技能两侧迁移理论指导的教学方法,应根据泛化、分化、自动化三个阶段安排教学,教学内容的选择以围绕动作技能两侧迁移理论在教学大纲的基础上体现双侧肢体的同步练习。应当先通过弱势侧肢体的技能传授,使其能够基本掌握技术动作之后,继而练习优势侧肢体的训练。在训练过程中应当保证弱势侧肢体的训练时长不少于整体练习时间的1/3,在巩固与提高阶段进行优势侧练习,采取平时成绩、技术考核、理论考核三个维度进行评定。2.动作技能两侧迁移理论指导的教学方法对体育教育专业学生背越式跳高成绩无显著影响,但可以提高学生的技术动作水平。同时提高学生的讲解能力,并加强实验对象的立定跳远、Illinois跑、闭眼单脚站立、闭眼原地踏步、四步助跑五级跨跳的身体素质测试成绩,对实验对象的自信心、学习兴趣起到积极的作用。3.采取动作技能两侧迁移理论进行田径项目的背越式跳高教学的指导过程要注意教师的主导地位,学生的主体地位。弱势侧肢体的练习相对优势侧肢体的练习会让学生对错误的动作出现明显的感觉。在弱势侧肢体未达到初步掌握技术动作的阶段不建议进行优势侧练习。且弱势侧肢体教学、训练时长越长,迁移的效果越好。根据本研究结论,提出以下建议:1.在进行动作技能两侧迁移理论教学时,应当注意学生本身优势侧与弱势侧素质差距不要过于明显,在进行弱势侧肢体训练时,应当保证在可承受范围内的强度和进度。2.在教学过程中尤其要注意纠正错误教学法的应用。随时观察学生的动态,并且严格遵循教学原则,最大限度的预防意外损伤。3.在进行弱势侧肢体技术动作训练过程中,要求运动员做好充分准备活动并且注意力高度集中。避免高估自己的能力,去尝试可能导致受伤的动作。
[Abstract]:The teaching methods of track and field courses in Colleges and universities in China have not met the requirements of the times and students. A new teaching method is needed to innovate the teaching of track and field courses in Colleges and universities. The theory of both sides transfer of action skills is based on students as the main body, training students' cognitive ability, strengthening students' understanding of movement, and developing the left and right limbs in an all-round way and Under the influence of the mutual transfer between two sides, improving the learning efficiency, improving the learning interest, strengthening the technical movement and improving the students' quality are the teaching ideas which conform to the goal of the high level talents training in the present society. This study takes the theory of both sides of the movement skills as the breakthrough point to discuss the application mode of the two sides of the transfer teaching theory, and use the literature method, The application mode of questionnaire survey, mathematical statistics, experiment and other scientific research methods in the track and field course of colleges and universities in the track and field high jump project is discussed. First, the theory is summarized and combed on both sides of the movement skills, and the feasibility and specific operation process of the experiment are established through the interview of expert investigation. The method of volume investigation is used to collect the method of applying the theory of movement skills on both sides. Through the evaluation of experts, the feasibility of the experiment and the content and plan of the experiment are determined. Then, the experimental research is carried out. Finally, the results of the experiment are analyzed and discussed through mathematical statistics. The following information is integrated to get the following. Conclusion: 1. in the course of track and field, the teaching method guided by the movement skills on both sides of the sports education majors should be arranged according to the three stages of generalization, differentiation and automation. The selection of teaching content should be based on the theory of movement skills on both sides to reflect the synchronous exercises of bilateral limbs on the basis of the syllabus. Through the imparting skills of the disadvantaged side limbs, it will be able to master the technical movements and practice the training of the dominant side limbs. In the course of training, it is necessary to ensure that the training of the weak side of the limb is not less than the 1/3 of the whole exercise time, and the advantage side practice is carried out in the stage of consolidation and improvement, and the normal performance, technical examination and theoretical examination are taken. The three dimensions of the nuclear program have no significant influence on the theoretical guidance of the.2. movement skills on both sides of the movement, but it has no significant influence on the performance of the high jump, but it can improve the level of the students' technical movements. At the same time, it can improve the students' ability to explain, and strengthen the standing long jump of the experimental subjects, Illinois running, the closed eye standing and the closed eye. Step by step, four steps to run the physical quality test of the five level jump, the self confidence of the subjects and the interest of learning play an active role in the teaching of the teaching of the back jump of the track and field project by the theory of moving skills on both sides.3., the guiding position of the teachers, the main position of the students and the exercise of the weak side. Exercise on the dominant side of the limb will give students a clear sense of the wrong movements. In the stage of the disadvantaged side of the limb not reaching the initial mastery of the technical movement, it is not recommended to exercise the advantage side. And the weak side of the limb teaching, the longer the training is longer, the better the effect of migration. According to the conclusions of this study, the following suggestions are put forward: 1. the action technique is carried out. In the teaching of the two sides transfer theory, we should pay attention to the difference between the students' superiority side and the disadvantaged side. In the training of the vulnerable side limbs, we should ensure that the strength and progress of the.2. should be especially corrected in the course of teaching. Following the teaching principles, the maximum prevention of accidental injury.3. in the training process of the technical movements of the weak side of the limb requires the athletes to make full preparation and focus highly. Avoid overestimating their ability and trying to try to cause injuries.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G823.1-4
本文编号：2142027
[Abstract]:The teaching methods of track and field courses in Colleges and universities in China have not met the requirements of the times and students. A new teaching method is needed to innovate the teaching of track and field courses in Colleges and universities. The theory of both sides transfer of action skills is based on students as the main body, training students' cognitive ability, strengthening students' understanding of movement, and developing the left and right limbs in an all-round way and Under the influence of the mutual transfer between two sides, improving the learning efficiency, improving the learning interest, strengthening the technical movement and improving the students' quality are the teaching ideas which conform to the goal of the high level talents training in the present society. This study takes the theory of both sides of the movement skills as the breakthrough point to discuss the application mode of the two sides of the transfer teaching theory, and use the literature method, The application mode of questionnaire survey, mathematical statistics, experiment and other scientific research methods in the track and field course of colleges and universities in the track and field high jump project is discussed. First, the theory is summarized and combed on both sides of the movement skills, and the feasibility and specific operation process of the experiment are established through the interview of expert investigation. The method of volume investigation is used to collect the method of applying the theory of movement skills on both sides. Through the evaluation of experts, the feasibility of the experiment and the content and plan of the experiment are determined. Then, the experimental research is carried out. Finally, the results of the experiment are analyzed and discussed through mathematical statistics. The following information is integrated to get the following. Conclusion: 1. in the course of track and field, the teaching method guided by the movement skills on both sides of the sports education majors should be arranged according to the three stages of generalization, differentiation and automation. The selection of teaching content should be based on the theory of movement skills on both sides to reflect the synchronous exercises of bilateral limbs on the basis of the syllabus. Through the imparting skills of the disadvantaged side limbs, it will be able to master the technical movements and practice the training of the dominant side limbs. In the course of training, it is necessary to ensure that the training of the weak side of the limb is not less than the 1/3 of the whole exercise time, and the advantage side practice is carried out in the stage of consolidation and improvement, and the normal performance, technical examination and theoretical examination are taken. The three dimensions of the nuclear program have no significant influence on the theoretical guidance of the.2. movement skills on both sides of the movement, but it has no significant influence on the performance of the high jump, but it can improve the level of the students' technical movements. At the same time, it can improve the students' ability to explain, and strengthen the standing long jump of the experimental subjects, Illinois running, the closed eye standing and the closed eye. Step by step, four steps to run the physical quality test of the five level jump, the self confidence of the subjects and the interest of learning play an active role in the teaching of the teaching of the back jump of the track and field project by the theory of moving skills on both sides.3., the guiding position of the teachers, the main position of the students and the exercise of the weak side. Exercise on the dominant side of the limb will give students a clear sense of the wrong movements. In the stage of the disadvantaged side of the limb not reaching the initial mastery of the technical movement, it is not recommended to exercise the advantage side. And the weak side of the limb teaching, the longer the training is longer, the better the effect of migration. According to the conclusions of this study, the following suggestions are put forward: 1. the action technique is carried out. In the teaching of the two sides transfer theory, we should pay attention to the difference between the students' superiority side and the disadvantaged side. In the training of the vulnerable side limbs, we should ensure that the strength and progress of the.2. should be especially corrected in the course of teaching. Following the teaching principles, the maximum prevention of accidental injury.3. in the training process of the technical movements of the weak side of the limb requires the athletes to make full preparation and focus highly. Avoid overestimating their ability and trying to try to cause injuries.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G823.1-4
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