体育类民办非企业单位的治理研究

发布时间：2018-07-25 07:39

【摘要】：体育类民办非企业单位是体育社会组织中的一种,具有公益性、实体性、民间性、服务性的特征,在政府转变职能的背景下,其是公共体育服务的供给主体,承担重要的社会责任。但是,目前无论是政府还是学界对体育类民办非企业单位都少有关注,相关的研究几乎处于空白状态。本文从治理的角度,探讨了体育类民办非企业单位发展存在的问题,并提出通过构建体育类民办非企业单位内外部治理结构,完善体育类民办非企业单位的治理,进而尝试寻求解决体育类民办非企业单位存在的问题的路径。本文的研究方法为：文献资料法、访谈法、比较法、个案研究法。主要结论：(1)体育类民办非企业单位概念存在的诸多问题影响了体育类民办非企业单位的发展。(2)从民事主体类型角度可以将体育类民办非企业单位分为法人型、合伙型和个人型;而从举办主体类型的角度可以分为官方主导型和民间主导型。(3)体育类民办非企业单位社会认可程度低,增长速度快、地域发展不平衡,行业分布居中、层级分布基层较多,官方主导组织比重大。发展中存在的问题为官方主导组织“事社不分”,民间主导组织营利色彩浓厚、生存艰难,整个行业公益作用有限、缺乏公信力、缺乏有效监督。这些问题唯有通过有效的治理才能解决,而实现有效的治理,最重要的是构建相互制衡、平衡分配的内部治理结构,以及营造一个以政府、行业自律和其他利益相关者相互配合的外部监管坏境。(4)体育类民办非企业单位的内部治理结构以理事会为核心,理事会代表组织各利益相关方行使决策职能,共同对组织进行治理。监事制度是组织内部自律的体现,通过监督理事会和执行机构负责人,防止内部出现违背组织使命的情况。(5)体育类民办非企业单位的外部治理包括政府监管、行业自律和其他利益相关者的监督。(6)政府监管的优化应该遵循的原则是对组织的成立持支持的态度,监管政策应区别公益性和互益性组织,政策优惠应倾向于公益性组织,对公益性组织的监管应集中在组织行为上。(7)体育类民办非企业单位的行业自律体现社会组织的自我监管,行业自律应该是制定业内标准、评估成员组织、甚至于对违法违规组织进行惩戒。(8)依托单位,捐赠人(出资人),受益人,社会公众共同构成体育类民办非企业单位的其他监督主体,而保障其有效监督的重要渠道就是真实、有效的信息披露机制及第三方评估机制。
[Abstract]:Non-enterprise units run by the people in sports are one kind of sports social organizations, which have the characteristics of public welfare, entity, folk and service. Under the background of government's changing functions, they are the main supply of public sports services. Take on important social responsibility. However, no matter the government or the academic circles pay little attention to the non-enterprise units of sports, the related research is almost blank. From the point of view of governance, this paper discusses the problems existing in the development of non-enterprise units run by the people in the sports category, and puts forward the idea of perfecting the governance of the non-enterprise units run by the people in the sports category by constructing the internal and external governance structure of the private non-enterprise units of the sports category. Then it tries to find a way to solve the problems existing in non-enterprise units of non-enterprise in the category of sports. The research methods of this paper are: literature method, interview method, comparative method and case study method. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) many problems existing in the concept of non-enterprise units in the category of private sports have affected the development of non-enterprise units in the category of private sports. (2) from the perspective of the types of civil subjects, the non-enterprise units of non-enterprises run by the people in the category of sports can be divided into the types of legal persons. Partnership type and individual type can be divided into official dominant type and folk dominant type. (3) the sports private non-enterprise units have low social recognition, fast growth rate, unbalanced regional development, and middle distribution of the industry. The level distribution grass roots is many, the official leading organization proportion is big. The problems existing in the development are the official leading organization "no division", the folk leading organization is rich in profit, hard to survive, limited in public interest, lack of credibility and lack of effective supervision. These problems can only be solved through effective governance, and the most important thing to achieve effective governance is to build an internal governance structure with checks and balances, a balanced distribution, and a government. Industry self-discipline and other stakeholders cooperate with each other in external supervision and bad situation. (4) the internal governance structure of the non-enterprise units run by the people in the sports category is centered on the Council, which performs decision-making functions on behalf of the various stakeholders of the organization. Manage the organization together. The supervisor system is the embodiment of the internal self-discipline of the organization. Through the supervisory board and the responsible person of the executive body, the internal situation of violating the mission of the organization is prevented. (5) the external governance of the non-enterprise units run by the people in the sports category includes government supervision. (6) the optimization of government supervision should follow the principle of supporting the establishment of the organization, the regulatory policy should distinguish between public welfare organizations and mutual benefit organizations, and the preferential policies should be oriented towards public welfare organizations. The supervision of public welfare organizations should focus on the organizational behavior. (7) the self-discipline of the non-enterprise units in the sports category embodies the self-supervision of social organizations, and the self-discipline of the industry should be the establishment of industry standards and the evaluation of member organizations. Even to punish illegal organizations. (8) relying on units, donors (contributors), beneficiaries, and the public constitute the other supervisory bodies of non-enterprise units run by the people in the category of sports, and the important channel to ensure their effective supervision is truth. Effective information disclosure mechanism and third party evaluation mechanism.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G812.1

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