我国青年女排身体形态、素质及教练员队伍执教现状研究

发布时间：2018-07-30 07:07

【摘要】：我国青年女排是中国女排的后备军,深入研究二线队伍训练与管理现状、把握其训练特征和规律,对提高后备人才“成才质量”保持中国女排世界领先地位具有重要的现实意义。采用文献资料法、专家访谈法、实地考察、问卷调查法、数理统计法、逻辑分析法等研究方法,以2016年我国青年女排14支队伍为调查对象,以身体形态、专项素质和教练员执教特征为主要研究内容,旨在为青年女排优化训练与培养方案提供参考依据。研究结果如下:(1)2016年全国青年女排队伍共有14支,队员195名,平均年龄18.05岁,平均运动年限3.38年。(2)我国青年女排平均身高183.5±5.65cm,体重72.1±6.80kg,克托莱指数392.79±33.36,手足间距234.4±7.88cm,指间距183.3±7.07cm;其中副攻身高、手足间距及指间距数值最大,主攻相应的克托莱指数也最大,符合各专位的要求。(3)助跑摸高平均高度为298.51cm,30米跑4.47s,半“米”字移动17.35s,立定跳远229.51cm。测试表明多项指标均符合高水平女子排球队的条件要求还有一定距离,尤其是立定跳远总体水平较弱。(4)教练员基本情况;青年女排教练员都具有大学本科学历年,自身运动水平达到健将级的占80%,有专业一、二队的执教经历的占78.3%,执教10年以上的占60.0%,有国家级和高级职称的教练达到60%,男性教练占80.0%,女性教练占20.0%;,(5)在执教特征方面;教练员普遍认为正确价值观教育对年轻队员的健康成长和个性品质的形成具有重要的影响。在训练指导思想方面;主要是围绕技术全面、突出特点、准确熟练、快速善变、发展高度和不断创新相结合。(6)夯实排球基本功,学习、掌握、熟练运用基本技术和战术,是青年女排该阶段训练的主要任务,各队教练员均把技术训练放在首位,占所有训练内容比重之首,为51.7%。(7)体能训练在各项训练中占比重为25.7%。各队均以力量训练为主,根据自己队伍的实际情况,在体能训练的比重上有一定的差别。(8)我国青年女排教练员均能安排一定比重的正式比赛和教学比赛,以及对攻实战等对抗性的训练,所占比重平均为17.3%。通过比赛提高女排队员的对抗能力和熟练运用战术的的能力。研究认为;我国青年女排在形态和教练员团队配备具有一定的优势,后备力量较为雄厚,可持续性发展的情况较好,为2020、2024年奥运会人才储备打下了良好的基础。但是在教练员结构方面;存在高层次学历教练缺乏、女教练偏少,陪打教练、体能教练、科研教练配备不尽合理等问题,在专项素质方面;助跑摸高平均高度为298.51cm,30米跑4.47s,半“米”字移动17.35s,对照优秀女排运动员的选材标准仅达到及格水平,尤其是立定跳远平均仅有229.51cm处于不合格水平。素质测试的三项指标表明,我国青年女子排球队的身体素质水平与优秀标准的要求还有一定距离,尤其是腿部爆发力的训练要引起高度重视。要进一步优化训练方案尽快补齐短板,促进中国青年女排运动员身体素质均衡发展。
[Abstract]:China's young women's volleyball team is the reserve army of Chinese women's volleyball team. It is of great practical significance to study the training and management status of the second line team and to grasp its training characteristics and rules. It is of great practical significance to improve the "talent quality" of the reserve talents to maintain the world's leading position in the Chinese women's volleyball team. Statistics, logical analysis and other research methods, taking 14 teams of young women's volleyball team in 2016 as the research object, the main research content is body shape, special quality and coaches' teaching characteristics, aiming at providing reference basis for the optimized training and training program for young women's volleyball. The results are as follows: (1) there are 14 young women's volleyball teams in 2016. The average age of 195 members was 195, with an average age of 18.05 years and an average period of 3.38 years. (2) the average height of the young women's volleyball was 183.5 + 5.65cm, the weight 72.1 + 6.80kg, the Ktole index 392.79 + 33.36, the hand and foot distance 234.4 + 7.88cm, and the interfinger distance of 183.3 + 7.07cm; the height of the secondary attack, the distance between the hand and the foot and the distance between the fingers was the biggest, and the corresponding Ktole index was also the main attack. The maximum, in line with the requirements of the colleges. (3) the high average height of the run-up was 298.51cm, the 30 meter run was 4.47s, the half "rice" moved 17.35s, and the long jump 229.51cm. test showed that many indexes were in line with the requirements of the high level women's volleyball team, especially the low level of the long jump. (4) the basic situation of the coaches; young women Volleyball coaches have undergraduate education year, the level of their own sports level reached 80%, professional one, 78.3% of the two teams, 78.3% for two teams, 60% for more than 10 years, 60% for national and senior professional titles, 80% for men and 20% for female coaches, and (5) in the aspects of teaching; coaches generally believed that positive The education of true values has an important influence on the healthy growth of young players and the formation of personality traits. In the aspects of training and guidance, it mainly focuses on the comprehensive technology, outstanding characteristics, accurate proficiency, rapid change, development and continuous innovation. (6) tamping the basic skills, learning, mastery, and skillful use of basic skills and tactics in volleyball. It is the main task of the training of young women's volleyball team at this stage. All teams of coaches put technical training in the first place, which accounts for the first of all training content, and the proportion of 51.7%. (7) physical training in various training is 25.7%. each team with strength training. According to the actual situation of their own team, there are certain differences in the proportion of physical training. (8 Our young women's volleyball coaches can arrange a certain proportion of the formal competition and teaching competition, as well as against the actual combat and other antagonistic training, the proportion of the average is 17.3%. through competition to improve the ability of the women's volleyball team and the ability to use the tactics skillfully. Some advantages, strong reserve force and better sustainable development have laid a good foundation for the talent reserve of the 20202024 year Olympic Games. However, in the structure of the coaches, there are many problems, such as the lack of high-level academic coaches, less female coaches, coaches, physical coaches, and scientific research coaches. On the other hand, the high average height of the run-up is 298.51cm, the 30 meters run 4.47s, and the half "rice" moves 17.35s, and the material selection standard of the excellent women volleyball players only reaches the passing level. In particular, the average of the long jump is only 229.51cm in the unqualified level. The quality test shows that the physical quality level of the young women volleyball team in our country and the quality level of the young women's volleyball team in our country There is still a certain distance from the requirements of the excellent standards, especially the training of the leg force. We should further optimize the training program to make up the short board as soon as possible to promote the balanced development of the physical quality of the Chinese young women's volleyball players.
【学位授予单位】：集美大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G842

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