不同负荷运动对大鼠学习记忆功能影响的电生理机制研究
发布时间：2018-08-16 19:30
【摘要】：研究目的：学习记忆是大脑神经网络重要的功能之一，其由众多神经元协同作用完成，然而海马又是大脑学习记忆的重要机构，因此海马损伤会导致空间学习记忆障碍。运动对学习记忆的影响早有报道，但其影响机制却一直没有定论。随着科学技术的进步，运动对中枢神经系统的影响也在不断的更新。我们借助一些成熟技术探究运动对中枢神经系统的影响机制，可以使我们更加深刻的认识运动的本质。海马CA1区局部场电位theta节律与长时程增强（LTP）及学习记忆有着密切相关。长期有氧运动对海马theta节律的变化是否有影响，目前还鲜有报道。本研究经过测试大鼠海马theta节律，分析运动对theta节律的影响，来探讨不同负荷运动对学习记忆的影响机制。 研究对象与方法：本实验选用雄性Wistar大鼠作为实验对象，选定实验对象的体重为220±20g，采购与军事医学科学院实验动物中心。随机分为对照组（CG）、低强度运动组（LG）和高强度运动组（HG），每组12只，共36只。依组分笼饲养，每笼放置6只大鼠，饲养房内温度控制在(23±2)℃，，饲养房相对湿度控制在40%~60%，大鼠在饲养房内自由饮水进食、自然昼夜节律。运动模型：大鼠先进行3天适应性训练，每天以8m/min速度进行10min适应性训练，随后开始4周正规训练。低负荷运动组为前10min从3m/min到8m/min逐级递增，8m/min持续30min，后10min从8m/min到3m/min逐级递减，共50min；高负荷运动组为前10min从3m/min到25m/min逐级递增，25m/min至力竭，本运动模型参照Cordova SD等人的运动方案。对照组不进行跑台运动，但每天也进行两次抓尾，模仿运动组抓老鼠进入跑台的动作。正式训练4周结束后，进行行为学实验，观察大鼠的行为判断学习记忆能力变化；最后进行电生理实验，采集大鼠海马CA1区的自发与诱发电信号，分析电信号的变化和学习记忆能力变化的关系。 研究结果： 1、行为学实验结果：1）旷场实验结果显示LG大鼠在中央区域活动的距离明显高于CG大鼠和HG大鼠（P0.05），HG大鼠在中央区域活动的距离明显低于CG大鼠（P0.05）；2）Y迷宫自主交替实验结果显示LG大鼠自主交替率明显高于CG大鼠和HG大鼠（P0.05），而HG大鼠的自主交替率明显低于CG大鼠（P0.05）； 2、电生理实验结果：1）在体局部场电位实验结果显示HG大鼠海马CA1区theta节律功率明显高于CG大鼠和LG大鼠（P0.05，P0.01），LG大鼠海马CA1区theta节律功率明显低于CG大鼠（P0.05），各组大鼠海马CA1区theta节律的频率组间无显著性差异（P0.05）；2）LTP维持结果显示不同负荷运动对大鼠海马E-LTP和L-LTP均有影响。与对照组相比，LG大鼠在HFS后E-LTP平均斜率维持明显高于CG大鼠（P0.05），HG大鼠在HFS后E-LTP平均斜率维持明显低于CG大鼠（P0.05）；在L-LTP实验中LG大鼠与CG大鼠在平均斜率维持没有显著性差异（P0.05）,而HG大鼠在HFS后L-LTP平均斜率维持低于CG大鼠和LG大鼠，具有显著性差异（P0.05,P0.01）。 研究结论： 1、适宜的低负荷运动使大鼠海马CA1区theta节律功率降低。 2、高负荷运动使大鼠海马CA1区theta节律功率升高。 3、适宜的低负荷运动促进大鼠海马LTP的形成，提高学习记忆能力。 4、高负荷运动抑制大鼠海马LTP的形成，降低学习记忆能力。
[Abstract]:Research purposes: Learning and memory is one of the important functions of neural networks in the brain, which is accomplished by many neurons. However, the hippocampus is an important mechanism of learning and memory in the brain, so hippocampal injury can lead to spatial learning and memory disorders. With the advancement of science and technology, the influence of exercise on the central nervous system is constantly updated. We can make a deeper understanding of the essence of exercise by exploring the mechanism of the influence of exercise on the central nervous system with some mature techniques. There is a close relationship between aerobic exercise and theta rhythm in the hippocampus of rats.
Objects and Methods: Male Wistar rats were selected as the experimental subjects. The weight of the subjects was 220 Rats were fed free water and fed in the feeding room. The natural circadian rhythm was observed. Model of exercise: Rats were trained for 3 days at a speed of 8 m/min for 10 minutes each day, and then began 4 weeks of regular training. M / min to 8m / min incremental, 8m / min lasted 30 minutes, then 10 minutes from 8m / min to 3m / min gradually decreased, a total of 50 minutes; high-load exercise group for the first 10 minutes from 3m / min to 25m / min incremental step by step, 25m / min to exhaustion, the exercise model refers to Cordova SD and other people's sports program. The control group did not run on the platform, but also twice a day to catch the tail, imitate the movement. After 4 weeks of formal training, behavioral experiments were conducted to observe the changes of behavior judgment, learning and memory abilities of rats. Finally, electrophysiological experiments were conducted to collect spontaneous and evoked electrical signals in hippocampal CA1 region of rats, and to analyze the relationship between the changes of electrical signals and the changes of learning and memory abilities.
Research findings:
1. Behavioral experiment results: 1) Open-field experiment showed that the distance of LG rats in the central region was significantly higher than that of CG rats and HG rats (P 0.05), the distance of HG rats in the central region was significantly lower than that of CG rats (P 0.05); 2) Y maze experiment showed that LG rats in the autonomous alternation rate was significantly higher than CG rats and HG rats (P 0.05). The spontaneous alternation rate of HG rats was significantly lower than that of CG rats (P0.05).
2. Electrophysiological experiment results: 1) The rhythmic power of theta in hippocampal CA1 region of HG rats was significantly higher than that of CG rats and LG rats (P 0.05, P 0.01), and the rhythmic power of theta in hippocampal CA1 region of LG rats was significantly lower than that of CG rats (P 0.05). Compared with the control group, the average slope of E-LTP in LG rats after HFS was significantly higher than that in CG rats (P 0.05). The average slope of E-LTP in HG rats after HFS was significantly lower than that in CG rats (P 0.05). There was significant difference (P 0.05), but the average L-LTP slope of HG rats was lower than that of CG rats and LG rats after HFS (P 0.05, P 0.01).
Research conclusions:
1, appropriate low load exercise reduced the theta rhythmic power in the hippocampal CA1 area of rats.
2, high load exercise increased the theta rhythmic power in the hippocampal CA1 area of rats.
3, appropriate low load exercise can promote the formation of LTP in hippocampus and improve learning and memory ability in rats.
4, high load exercise inhibited the formation of LTP in hippocampus and reduced learning and memory ability in rats.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G804.2
本文编号：2186959
[Abstract]:Research purposes: Learning and memory is one of the important functions of neural networks in the brain, which is accomplished by many neurons. However, the hippocampus is an important mechanism of learning and memory in the brain, so hippocampal injury can lead to spatial learning and memory disorders. With the advancement of science and technology, the influence of exercise on the central nervous system is constantly updated. We can make a deeper understanding of the essence of exercise by exploring the mechanism of the influence of exercise on the central nervous system with some mature techniques. There is a close relationship between aerobic exercise and theta rhythm in the hippocampus of rats.
Objects and Methods: Male Wistar rats were selected as the experimental subjects. The weight of the subjects was 220 Rats were fed free water and fed in the feeding room. The natural circadian rhythm was observed. Model of exercise: Rats were trained for 3 days at a speed of 8 m/min for 10 minutes each day, and then began 4 weeks of regular training. M / min to 8m / min incremental, 8m / min lasted 30 minutes, then 10 minutes from 8m / min to 3m / min gradually decreased, a total of 50 minutes; high-load exercise group for the first 10 minutes from 3m / min to 25m / min incremental step by step, 25m / min to exhaustion, the exercise model refers to Cordova SD and other people's sports program. The control group did not run on the platform, but also twice a day to catch the tail, imitate the movement. After 4 weeks of formal training, behavioral experiments were conducted to observe the changes of behavior judgment, learning and memory abilities of rats. Finally, electrophysiological experiments were conducted to collect spontaneous and evoked electrical signals in hippocampal CA1 region of rats, and to analyze the relationship between the changes of electrical signals and the changes of learning and memory abilities.
Research findings:
1. Behavioral experiment results: 1) Open-field experiment showed that the distance of LG rats in the central region was significantly higher than that of CG rats and HG rats (P 0.05), the distance of HG rats in the central region was significantly lower than that of CG rats (P 0.05); 2) Y maze experiment showed that LG rats in the autonomous alternation rate was significantly higher than CG rats and HG rats (P 0.05). The spontaneous alternation rate of HG rats was significantly lower than that of CG rats (P0.05).
2. Electrophysiological experiment results: 1) The rhythmic power of theta in hippocampal CA1 region of HG rats was significantly higher than that of CG rats and LG rats (P 0.05, P 0.01), and the rhythmic power of theta in hippocampal CA1 region of LG rats was significantly lower than that of CG rats (P 0.05). Compared with the control group, the average slope of E-LTP in LG rats after HFS was significantly higher than that in CG rats (P 0.05). The average slope of E-LTP in HG rats after HFS was significantly lower than that in CG rats (P 0.05). There was significant difference (P 0.05), but the average L-LTP slope of HG rats was lower than that of CG rats and LG rats after HFS (P 0.05, P 0.01).
Research conclusions:
1, appropriate low load exercise reduced the theta rhythmic power in the hippocampal CA1 area of rats.
2, high load exercise increased the theta rhythmic power in the hippocampal CA1 area of rats.
3, appropriate low load exercise can promote the formation of LTP in hippocampus and improve learning and memory ability in rats.
4, high load exercise inhibited the formation of LTP in hippocampus and reduced learning and memory ability in rats.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G804.2
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