北京市玉渊潭公园体育健身团队发展研究

发布时间：2018-08-24 12:28

【摘要】：《全民健身计划纲要》自1995年颁布实施,群众体育事业蓬勃发展,全民健身不断深入人心并上升为国家战略。参与体育锻炼已经成为人们日常生活的一部分。空气污染日益加重、人口老龄化加剧、体育锻炼场地不足等问题凸显,催生了体育与绿色的结合——公园体育。在公园内有组织的体育健身团队也随之产生并逐渐发展,成为基层体育组织中最为基础的一个环节。因此对公园中出现的体育健身团队进行研究就显得尤为重要和必要。但是,目前现有文献对此进行的研究无论从深度还是广度上来说还有待提高。以北京市玉渊潭公园体育健身团队为研究对象,将公园的45个体育健身团队作为调查对象。采用文献资料法回溯关于公园体育和健身团队的文献,通过访谈法对玉渊潭公园体育健身团队负责人和部分成员进行深度访谈,了解团队基本情况、发展状况与问题。研究体育健身团队在形成时间,每日活动时间,主要组织形式,开展项目,参与者年龄、性别等方面的特点,利用逻辑分析法对整体情况和选取的3个有代表性的体育健身团队进行更加深入的个案分析。研究发现:玉渊潭公园体育健身团队成立于1993年—2013年之间,“非典”以后和2008年北京奥运会前后是成立的集中时间。以自发形成为主要方式。40人以下是大多是健身团队的状态,集中于上午开展活动,以健身操(舞)、太极为主要运动形式。团队中女性多于男性。社会体育指导员只存在于注册在体育协会的健身团队中,团队核心人物由创建者或运动技能较高的人员担任。公园体育健身团队的经费来源有三种方式:政府以奖代偿;成员缴纳团费;参加比赛获得的奖金。健身爱好者因为想要强身健体、居住在公园附近、退休后余暇时间增多这些因素,建立并推动了玉渊潭公园健身团队形成。场地的局限性是健身团队发展的最大障碍。也有缺少专业性、针对性强的指导人员;公园、街道、体育部门等方面的多元支持贫乏问题。最后提出如下建议:基层行政部门延伸服务范围。对辖区内健身团队的进行基本信息登记、服务与扶持;公园管理处向健身爱好者提供便利服务;体育部门与公园管理部门加强联系,在公园内宣传健身常识和科学的健身指导方法。积极组织健身团队交流展示会、开展体质监测、动作技能培训等活动;加大对健身团队核心人物或体育积极分子的培训力度与频度,鼓励更多自发型健身团队成员申请指导员资格;开辟多方经费支持途径。
[Abstract]:The outline of the National Fitness Program has been promulgated since 1995, and the mass sports has been flourishing, and the national fitness has been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people and become a national strategy. Participation in physical exercise has become a part of people's daily life. Air pollution is getting worse, population aging is getting worse, physical training space is insufficient and so on, which gives birth to the combination of sports and green-park sports. The organized sports and fitness team in the park also emerged and gradually developed, becoming the most basic link in the grass-roots sports organizations. Therefore, it is particularly important and necessary to study the sports and fitness team in the park. However, the current literature on this issue needs to be improved both in depth and breadth. Taking the sports fitness team of Yuyuantan Park in Beijing as the research object, 45 sports fitness teams in the park were investigated. The literature about park sports and fitness team was retrospected by the method of literature data, and the leaders and some members of the sports and fitness team of Yuyuantan Park were interviewed in depth through interviews to understand the basic situation, development and problems of the team. To study the characteristics of physical fitness teams in terms of formation time, daily activity time, main organizational forms, development projects, participants' age, gender, etc. Using the logic analysis method to analyze the whole situation and the three representative sports and fitness teams. The study found that the sports and fitness team of Yuyuantan Park was established between 1993 and 2013, and the time after SARS and before and after the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games was set up. Taking spontaneous formation as the main way. 40 people are mostly the state of fitness team, concentrated in the morning activities, to aerobics (dance), Taiji as the main form of exercise. There are more women than men in the team. The social sports instructor only exists in the fitness team registered in the sports association. The core character of the team is the founder or the person with high sports skills. There are three sources of funding for the sports and fitness team in the park: the government compensates for the award, the members pay the tour fee and the prize for participating in the competition. Fitness enthusiasts because they want to get fit, live near the park, retirement time increased these factors, set up and promote the formation of a fitness team in Yuyuantan Park. The limitation of the field is the biggest obstacle to the development of the fitness team. There are also the lack of professional, targeted guidance staff; parks, streets, sports departments and other aspects of multiple support poverty. Finally, the following suggestions are put forward: the basic administrative departments extend the scope of service. Registration of basic information, services and support for fitness teams within the jurisdiction; provision of convenient services by the Park Management Office to fitness enthusiasts; strengthening of contacts between sports departments and park management departments, In the park to promote general knowledge and scientific fitness guidance. Actively organize fitness team exchanges and exhibitions, carry out physical fitness monitoring, movement skills training and other activities; increase the training intensity and frequency of fitness team core figures or sports activists, Encourage more self-styled fitness team members to apply for instructor qualifications; open up multiple funding support channels.
【学位授予单位】：首都体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G812.4

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