创新能力培养视角下对普通高校体育教育专业实训教学研究

发布时间：2018-08-26 07:19

【摘要】：在十八届五中全会上,党确定创新发展理念为五大发展理念的首要地位,国家发展全局的核心就是要以创新为主。体育教育专业作为未来中小学一线体育教师责任重大,培养其创新能力与实践能力就显得尤为重要。本研究以创新能力培养视角下普通高校体育教育专业实训教学为研究对象。利用文献资料法、问卷调查法、实地访谈法、逻辑分析法、数理统计法等研究方法,对体育教育专业的创新能力培养和实训教学进行研究分析。研究主要包括三个部分:第一部分阐述了体育教育专业创新能力构成、中小学体育教师创新能力现状及影响创新能力培养的因素;第二部分主要以部分高校在实训教学过程中对学生创新能力培养的现状,并对实训教学过程中培养学生创新能力的影响因素做出分析;第三部分是根据研究得出的结论为实训教学过程中培养学生创新能力提出建议。研究得出的主要结论是:(1)研究认为体育教育专业学生的创新能力应该包括创新思维能力和创新实践能力。其中创新思维能力包括一般创新思维能力和专项创新思维能力。一般创新思维能力包括创造性思维、发散性思维、逆向性思维、开放性思维;专项创新思维主要包括在体育教学方面教学方法的创新个性思维、体育游戏创编的灵感思维和丰富的想象力;在训练方面对已有训练方法的批判思维和求异思维、发散性思维、怀疑求真的能力;在行政管理方面的逻辑思维、敏锐的观察力、独立思考和分析判断能力。创新实践能力具体包括搜集、处理信息的能力、体育教学以及体育活动组织能力、教学创新设计能力、理论与实践结合运用能力、扎实的专项运动能力、科研能力、合理的知识结构与体育专业知识储备、掌握工具能力。(2)当前在各中小学,体育教师的创新能力普遍不高。主要表现为缺乏创新意识并且创新思维能力不足,在教学、训练、行政等方面缺乏发散性、开放性思维;创新实践能力比较薄弱,专业知识储备不充足,运动技能能力高于理论知识认知,在科研和合理知识结构方面与创新能力要求存在着很大差距。(3)高校培养体育教育专业学生创新能力的影响因素包括外部环境因素、学生个体素质差异因素、文化观念因素、固有观念和思维定势因素的影响。其中外部环境因素包括教育体制、教学内容、教学评价、教学环境、创新重视、激励机制、创新环境方面;学生个体素质差异因素包括学生智力、学生知识、学生素质方面;文化观念因素包括思想观念、社会文化观念、学生性格方面;固有观念和思维定势因素包括本能意识、惯性思维方面。(4)当前高校的实训教学在培养学生创新能力方面依然存在一些问题。高校的教学导向以及高校教师都支持发展培养学生创新能力,但是与实际教学中的做法相差甚远。研究其影响因素包括“一刀切”的教学形式,抑制学生创新能力的发展,实训教学目标与体育发展要求脱节不利于创新能力的培养,实训教学硬件条件不完善,教学评价比较单一固定,缺少创新性等因素的影响。
[Abstract]:At the Fifth Plenary Session of the Eighteenth Central Committee of the CPC, the Party decided that the concept of innovation and development was the first of the five major development concepts, and the core of the overall national development was to give priority to innovation. From the perspective of cultivation, this paper studies the training and teaching of Physical Education Specialty in Colleges and universities. It mainly consists of three parts: the first part elaborates the methods of literature, questionnaire, field interview, logical analysis and mathematical statistics. The composition of the innovative ability of physical education major, the present situation of the innovative ability of physical education teachers in primary and secondary schools and the factors affecting the cultivation of innovative ability; the second part mainly analyzes the current situation of cultivating students'innovative ability in the process of training and teaching in some colleges and universities, and analyzes the influencing factors of cultivating students' innovative ability in the process of training and teaching; The main conclusions are as follows: (1) The research thinks that the innovative ability of the students majoring in physical education should include the innovative thinking ability and the innovative practice ability. The innovative thinking ability includes the general innovative thinking ability and the special innovation ability. General innovative thinking ability includes creative thinking, divergent thinking, reverse thinking and open thinking; special innovative thinking mainly includes innovative personality thinking of teaching methods in physical education, inspirational thinking and rich imagination of sports games creation; critical thinking of existing training methods in training Creative and practical abilities include the ability to collect and process information, the ability to organize physical education and sports activities, the ability to innovate and design teaching, the ability to combine theory with practice. (2) At present, the innovative ability of PE teachers in primary and secondary schools is generally not high. The main manifestations are lack of innovative consciousness and innovative thinking ability, lack of divergence and openness in teaching, training and administration. There is a big gap between the scientific research and reasonable knowledge structure and the requirement of innovative ability. (3) The influencing factors of cultivating the students'innovative ability include external environment factors and students' individual factors. The external environmental factors include educational system, teaching content, teaching evaluation, teaching environment, innovative emphasis, incentive mechanism and innovative environment; the individual quality differences of students include students'intelligence, students' knowledge, students'quality; and cultural concepts. Factors include ideological, social and cultural concepts, students'personality; inherent concepts and thinking stereotypes include instinct consciousness, inertia thinking. (4) There are still some problems in the training of students' innovative ability in Colleges and universities. The study of the influencing factors includes the "one-size-fits-all" teaching form, the inhibition of the development of students'innovative ability, the disconnection between training teaching objectives and sports development requirements, the imperfection of training teaching hardware, the simplicity of teaching evaluation and the lack of innovation. And other factors.
【学位授予单位】：湖北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G807.4

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