基于SPCS的生物反馈训练对青少年射击运动员HRV和成绩的影响

发布时间：2018-09-03 12:58

【摘要】：目的:通过运用SPCS系统对青少年射击运动员进行生物反馈测训,来探究生物反馈训练是否能够提高运动员情绪稳定,注意集中,放松调节等心理能力,以及对射击运动员成绩的影响。方法:选择新乡市体育运动学校射击队10米气步枪项目男子运动员20人,随机分为对照组和实验组A、实验组B。运用北京豪峰数码科技有限公司自主研发的生理相干和自主平衡系统(Self-generate Physiological Coherence System SPCS),对实验组运动员进行生物反馈训练,测试运动员的心率变异性(HRV),选取HRV的TP值、VLF值、LF值、HF值、LF/HF值、M-HRT值、SDNN值、PNN50值8个二级指标对运动员的HRV进行分析,并对训练前后运动员比赛成绩的变化进行分析。结果:与对照组的运动员相比,实验组的运动员HRV和比赛成绩出现如下变化,1.实验组A的运动员TP值高于对照组,无统计学差异;实验组B的TP值高于对照组,差异具有显著性(P0.05)。2.实验组A和实验组B的运动员VLF值都低于对照组的运动员,差异具有显著性(p0.05)。3.实验组A的运动员LF值高于对照组,无统计学意义;实验组B的运动员LF值高于对照组,差异具有显著性(p0.05)。4.生物反馈训练后两个实验组运动员的HF值都高于对照组的运动员,差异具有高度显著(P0.01)。5.实验组A的运动员LF/HF值低于对照组的运动员,差异具有显著性(p0.05);实验组B的运动员LF/HF值低于对照组,无统计学意义;实验组A的运动员LF/HF值低于实验组B的运动员,差异具有显著性(p0.05)。6.生物反馈训练前后所有运动员的M-HRT值无差异。7.实验组A运动员的SDNN值高于对照组运动员,差异具有显著性(p0.05);实验组B运动员的SDNN值也高于对照组运动员,无统计学意义;实验组A运动员的SDNN值高于实验组B,差异具有显著性(p0.05)。8.实验后两个实验组的运动员PNN50值略微低于对照组,无统计学意义,与实验前相比实验组的运动员PNN50呈下降趋势。9.实验组A的运动员心理协调分数高于对照组的运动员,差异具有显著性(P0.05);实验组B的运动员心理协调分数高于对照组的运动员,差异具有显著性(p0.01)。10.与生物反馈训练之前的比赛成绩相比,实验组A的运动员比赛成绩提高,差异具有显著性(p0.05);实验组B的运动员成绩提高,差异具有高度显著性(p0.01);对照组的运动员在经过训练后成绩有所提高,无统计学意义;训练之后实验组A的运动员比赛成绩高于对照组,差异具有显著性(p0.05),实验组B的运动员比赛成绩高于对照组,差异具有高度显著性(p0.01)。结论:1.经过基于SPCS的生物反馈训练,青少年射击运动员的心率变异性(HRV)增大,心理放松能力加强。2.经过基于SPCS的生物反馈训练,青少年射击运动员能有意识的控制降低交感神经系统的活性,降低交感神经系统和副交感神经系统的平衡比,即运动员对自主神经系统的调节能力增强。3.经过基于SPCS的生物反馈训练,青少年射击运动员对自主神经系统的双重支配能力增强,即运动员的心理稳定性增强。4.通过生物反馈训练与技战术训练的结合,对青少年射击运动员比赛成绩的提高有明显的帮助,同时运动员比赛发挥更为稳定。5.提高生物反馈训练时的应激环境,对生物反馈训练的效果影响不大。
[Abstract]:Objective: To explore whether the biofeedback training can improve the mental abilities of young shooters, such as emotional stability, concentration, relaxation and adjustment, and the effect on shooters'performance by using SPCS system. 20 male athletes were randomly divided into control group and experimental group A, experimental group B. Using self-generated Physiological Coherence System (SPCS) developed by Beijing Haofeng Digital Technology Co., Ltd., the experimental group athletes were trained by biofeedback, and the heart rate variability (HRV) was tested. Taking HRV TP value, VLF value, LF value, HF value, LF/HF value, M-HRT value, SDNN value, PN50 value eight secondary indexes to analyze the athletes'HRV, and the changes of athletes' competition results before and after training were analyzed. The experimental group A and experimental group B athletes VLF values are lower than the control group athletes, the difference is significant (p0.05). 3. The experimental group A athletes LF value is higher than the control group, there is no statistical significance; experimental group B athletes LF value is higher than the control group; experimental group B athletes LF value is higher than the control group; experimental group B athletes LF value is higher; experimental group B athletes LF value is higher than the control group. In the control group, the difference was significant (p0.05). 4. After biofeedback training, the HF values of athletes in the two experimental groups were higher than those in the control group, the difference was highly significant (P 0.01). 5. The LF / HF values of athletes in experimental group A were lower than those in the control group, the difference was significant (p 0.05); the LF / HF values of athletes in experimental group B were lower than those in the control group, but there was no significant difference. The LF / HF value of athletes in experimental group A was lower than that of athletes in experimental group B, the difference was significant (p0.05). 6. There was no difference in the M-HRT value of all athletes before and after biofeedback training. 7. The SDN value of athletes in experimental group A was higher than that of the control group, the difference was significant (p0.05); the SDN value of athletes in experimental group B was also higher than that of the control group (p0.05). Athletes, there is no statistical significance; experimental group A athletes'SNN value is higher than experimental group B, the difference is significant (p0.05). 8. After the experiment, the two experimental groups of athletes PN50 value is slightly lower than the control group, no statistical significance, compared with the experimental group athletes PN50 showed a downward trend. 9. Experimental group A athletes' psychological coordination score is higher than the control group. There was a significant difference between the control group and the experimental group (P 0.05); the experimental group B athletes'psychological coordination score was higher than the control group athletes, the difference was significant (P 0.01). 10. Compared with the results before biofeedback training, the experimental group A athletes' performance improved, the difference was significant (P 0.05); Improvement, the difference was highly significant (p0.01); after training, the athletes in the control group improved, there was no statistical significance; after training, the athletes in the experimental group A were higher than the control group, the difference was significant (p0.05), the experimental group B athletes were higher than the control group, the difference was highly significant (p0.01). After the SPCS-based biofeedback training, the heart rate variability (HRV) of young shooters increases, and their mental relaxation ability strengthens. 2. After the SPCS-based biofeedback training, the young shooters can consciously control and reduce the activity of sympathetic nervous system and the balance of sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system. 3. After the SPCS-based biofeedback training, the juvenile shooters'dual control ability to the autonomic nervous system is enhanced, that is, the athletes' psychological stability is enhanced. 4. Through the combination of biofeedback training and technical and tactical training, the juvenile shooters can compete successfully. At the same time, athletes play more stably. 5. Improving the stress environment of biofeedback training has little effect on the effect of biofeedback training.
【学位授予单位】：河南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G871

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