操类训练对男性强制戒毒人员身体形态与身体机能的影响研究

发布时间：2018-09-03 16:04

【摘要】：研究目的:本研究探讨操类训练对强制隔离戒毒人员身体形态与身体机能的影响,拟提高他们的身体形态和身体机能,帮助戒毒人员更好的完成第二阶段的身体康复,进而为戒毒人员以更好的身体状态回归社会,最后可以戒毒成功。本文丰富和完善了戒毒人员在身体康复阶段的训练方法和理论依据,为全国戒毒人员在身体康复阶段提出实用的方案。研究对象与方法:自2016年4月—2016年6月,在上海市某强制戒毒所收集符合纳入标准以及实验要求的男性戒毒患者60例作为实验对象,按照吸毒者的类型将其分为传统型毒品戒毒组和新型毒品戒毒组,每组分为30个人。两组均严格按照实验方案进行为期10周的操类训练,每周7天,每天按照不同时间段进行不同操种的训练。在运动过程中进行运动强度的现场监控,心率控制在110-150次/min,佩戴心率表,实时监控运动心率。分别在训练前和训练后两次测试强制戒毒人员的身体形态和身体机能,收集数据汇总后,采用Excel建立数据库,用SPSS19.0统计软件完成统计分析。计数资料采取卡方检验,当计量资料符合正态分布时,组内的比较采用的是配对T检验,组间的比较采用的是独立样本T检验。研究结果:1.两组戒毒人员的基本情况比较传统型毒品戒毒组和新型毒品戒毒组在年龄、身高、体重、文化程度、戒毒次数等方面均无统计学的意义(p0.05),组间具有可比性。2.训练前后两组戒毒人员的组间比较组间10周操类训练前后的比较,传统型毒品戒毒组和新型毒品戒毒组在身体形态、身体成分、心血管功能、肝肾功能、糖脂代谢功能、免疫功能、血液运氧能力和血液凝血功能这些方面均无显著性差异(p0.05)。3.身体形态经过10周的操类训练后,10周在训练前后体重、颈围、胸围、腰围和臀围这些方面均无显著性差异(P0.05)。4.身体成分10周的操类训练后,两组在训练前后内脏脂肪等级、脂肪量和体脂率有显著性差异(P0.05),两组在训练前后肌肉量比值、肌肉量、基础代谢和BMI这些方面均无显著性差异(P0.05)。5.心血管功能10周的操类训练后,两组在训练前后的肺活量、台阶指数、安静心率、收缩压和舒张压有显著性差异(P0.05),两组在训练前后左踝血管弹性程度、右踝血管弹性程度、左踝血管阻塞程度、右踝血管阻塞程度这些方面均无显著性差异(P0.05)。6.肝肾功能10周的操类训练后,两组在训练前后的谷丙转氨酶、血清肌酐、尿素氮、尿酸这些方面均无显著性差异(P0.05)。7.糖脂代谢功能10周的操类训练后,两组在训练前后血糖、甘油三酯和胆固醇这些方面有显著性差异(P0.05)。8.免疫功能10周的操类训练后,两组在训练前后白细胞、淋巴细胞百分比、中性粒细胞百分比和中性粒细胞绝对值有显著性差异(P0.05),两组在训练前后淋巴细胞绝对值、嗜酸细胞百分比、嗜碱细胞百分比、嗜酸细胞绝对值、嗜碱细胞绝对值这些方面无显著性差异(P0.05)。9.血液运氧能力10周的操类训练后,两组在训练前后红细胞有显著性差异(P0.05),两组在训练前后平均红细胞体积、平均红细胞血红蛋白含量、平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度、红细胞压积这些方面无显著性差异(P0.05)。10.血液凝血功能10周的操类训练后,两组在训练前后血小板计数有显著性差异(P0.05),两组在训练前后血小板分布宽度、血小板平均体积、血小板比积这些方面无显著性差异(P0.05)。结论:1.10周的操类训练可以显著改善传统型毒品戒毒人员和新型毒品戒毒人员的身体成分:操类训练可以显著降低传统型毒品戒毒人员和新型毒品戒毒人员的脂肪含量、脂肪率和内脏脂肪等级,提高肌肉含量,均衡身体成分,但组间无显著性差异。2.10周的操类训练对改善传统型毒品戒毒人员和新型毒品戒毒人员的身体形态无显著性差异,组间无显著性差异。3.10周的操类训练可以显著改善传统型毒品戒毒人员和新型毒品戒毒人员的身体机能:操类训练可以显著改善传统型毒品戒毒人员和新型毒品戒毒人员的心血管功能、糖脂代谢水平和血液代谢功能,但组间无显著性差异。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of gymnastic training on the physical form and function of drug addicts under compulsory isolation, in order to improve their physical form and function, and help them to complete the second stage of physical rehabilitation better, so as to return to society in a better physical condition for drug addicts, and finally to succeed in drug rehabilitation. The article enriches and perfects the training methods and theoretical basis of drug addicts in the physical rehabilitation stage, and puts forward practical programs for the national drug addicts in the physical rehabilitation stage. According to the type of drug addicts, they were divided into traditional drug treatment group and new drug treatment group, each group was 30 people. The two groups were strictly in accordance with the experimental program for 10 weeks of operation training, 7 days a week, according to different periods of training every day. Field monitoring, heart rate control in 110-150 times/min, wearing a heart rate meter, real-time monitoring of exercise heart rate. Before and after training, two tests were conducted on the physical shape and function of compulsory drug addicts. After data collection, Excel was used to establish a database, and SPSS19.0 statistical software was used to complete statistical analysis. The results showed that: 1. There was no statistical difference in age, height, weight, education level, times of drug treatment between the two groups. Comparison between the two groups before and after 10 weeks of exercise training, the traditional drug treatment group and the new drug treatment group in body shape, body composition, cardiovascular function, liver and kidney function, glucose and lipid metabolism function, immune function, blood oxygen transport capacity and blood coagulation function There was no significant difference in these aspects (p0.05). 3. After 10 weeks of operation training, there was no significant difference in body weight, neck circumference, chest circumference, waist circumference and hip circumference between the two groups before and after 10 weeks of operation training (P 0.05). 4. After 10 weeks of body composition training, there were significant differences in visceral fat grade, fat content and body fat rate between the two groups before and after training. There was no significant difference in muscle mass ratio, muscle mass, basal metabolism and BMI between the two groups before and after training (P 0.05). 5. After 10 weeks of cardiovascular function training, there were significant differences in vital capacity, step index, quiet heart rate, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure between the two groups before and after training (P 0.05). There was no significant difference in elasticity, right ankle vascular elasticity, left ankle vascular obstruction, right ankle vascular obstruction (P 0.05). 6. After 10 weeks of operation training, there was no significant difference in glutamic-pyruvic aminotransferase, serum creatinine, urea nitrogen and uric acid between the two groups before and after training (P 0.05). There were significant differences in blood glucose, triglyceride and cholesterol between the two groups before and after 10 weeks of operation training (P 0.05). 8. After 10 weeks of operation training, there were significant differences in the percentage of white blood cells, lymphocytes, neutrophils and absolute value of neutrophils between the two groups before and after training (P 0.05). There was no significant difference in the absolute value of lymphocytes, eosinophils, basophils, eosinophils and basophils between the two groups (P 0.05). 9. After 10 weeks of operation training, there was a significant difference in red blood cells between the two groups before and after training (P 0.05). There was no significant difference in hemoglobin content, mean hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit between the two groups (P Conclusion: 1.10 weeks of operation training can significantly improve the body composition of traditional drug addicts and new drug addicts. Exercise training can significantly reduce the fat content, fat rate and visceral fat grade of traditional drug addicts and new drug addicts, and improve muscle quality. There was no significant difference in body shape between the traditional drug addicts and the new drug addicts. 3.10 weeks of operation training could significantly improve the traditional drug addicts and the new drug addicts. Physical function: Exercise training can significantly improve cardiovascular function, glucose and lipid metabolism and blood metabolism of traditional drug addicts and new drug addicts, but there is no significant difference between groups.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G804.2

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